水蒸气处理对HZSM-5分子筛催化剂的酸性及孔结构的影响

通过XRD，NH3-TPD，IR，比表面与孔结构测定等方法，研究了HZSM-5分子筛（硅铝比为38）在不同温度下进行水热处理时的酸性与孔结构。结果表明，随着水热处理温度的提高，HZSM-5分子筛的结晶度稍有增大；酸性明显减弱，弱酸位增多，强酸位相对减少；IR谱图上有一定的蓝移；比表面与微孔体积减小，介孔体积增大。     

载钴ZSM-5沸石的程序升温还原

ZSM-5沸石具有特殊孔直径(约55nm)的十元氧环结构,有对某些反应活性高和选择性好的优点.近年来它在石化工业中已被广泛应用.Chang等用它来研究甲醇转化为芳烃,控制C_(10)以下芳烃产物的分布,得到了令人满意的结果. 低碳烃在ZSM-5沸石上聚合、异构、环化和芳构化,可以获得高辛烷值汽油,满足无铅汽油的要求.近来人们用Ⅷ族金属(Fe,Co,Ru…)负载在ZSM-5沸石上,催化一步转化为汽油馏分,具有活性高选择性好的特点.这种催化剂与制备方法、载体     

醇盐水解法合成ZSM-5沸石

用正硅酸乙酯（ＴＥＯＳ）冰解作硅源、三氯化铝作铝源合成了ＺＳＭ－５沸石,并和传统的水玻璃作硅源合成ＺＳＭ－５法进行了比较。用ＸＲＤ、热重／差热分析、红外光谱和正己烷吸附等对实验产品进行了表征。醇盐水解法比传统方法结晶速度快,可缩短合成时间。新法合成的ＺＳＭ－５沸石结晶度高、憎水性强、晶粒易于取向生长,对合成沸石膜非常有利。     

载镍ZSM-5沸石中钠的作用

本文通过对一组不同Na含量NiZSM-5沸石的酸性、吸附性及催化活性的测试表明于载镍ZSM-5体系中添加碱金属钠离子, 不仅调节沸石的碱酸功能, 而且增加甲苯的吸附性, 提高甲苯的转化率, 表现出助催化效应。     

ZSM-5沸石膜内孔结构的研究

以正丁胺 (NBA)为模板剂、利用水热法在α -Al2 O3载体管上成功地合成了ZSM - 5沸石膜。对合成的沸石粉末及沸石膜进行热重分析 ,结果表明ZSM - 5沸石粉末孔道中的模板剂在 390℃和 550℃下分解最快。对膜在不同的焙烧温度下 ,单组份气体N2 、H2 、n -C4 H10 、i-C4 H10 的渗透通量进行了测量 ,结果表明在焙烧过程中 ,膜内主要有两种不同的孔产生 ,低温下晶间孔内的水份和模板剂首先逸出 ,这些孔对气体的选择性不大 ,但它们所占比例也不大。高温下沸石膜的晶内孔相继打开 ,膜的渗透选择性也随之提高。 60 0℃以后 ,膜内孔基本全部打开 ,膜对气体的理想选择性也达到最大。     

Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Structure and Catalytic Properties of ZSM-5 Zeolite

Catalytic properties of ZSM-5 zeolite samples pretreated with NaOH solution have been investigated. The samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, chemical analysis, and N2 adsorption.The results indicate that mesopores are created in ZSM-5 crystals under alkali treatment without change the microporous structure and acidic strength of the zeolite, but the crystallinity is greatly decreased under severe treatment. IR indicates that the concentration of silanol is greatly enriched by alkali treatment. The etherification activities of ZSM-5 zeolites are greatly increased byalkali-treatment. The noticeably improved catalytic activity of treated samples is ascribed to the formation of mesopores and greatly enriched silanol group.     

碱金属盐对ZSM-5分子筛晶化的影响

Effect of different alkali metal salts on the crystal size and the crystallization rate of ZSM-5 zeolite was de-tailedly investigated in this paper. The samples prepared by adding the different alkali metal salts were character-ized by using XRD， TEM， TG-DSC， BET and IR techniques. The XRD results showed that， for the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite， the characteristic peaks broadened on the XRD patterns in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The SEM results verified that the crystal size of zeolites prepared by adding different alkali metal salts had different results， and adding NaCl， NaC₂H₃O₂ and KCl showed the better effect of reducing crystal size， which are about of 40～60nm size. The crystallization curve of adding the different alkali metal salts suggested that the crystallization rate was significantly affected by the anions in the alkali metal salt besides the cations. Moreover， the crystal size likewise depended on the anion in the alkali metal salt. In addition， the BET results suggested that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite possessed a larger outer surface area in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The thermostability of the samples was determined by TG-DSC technique， indicating that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite had a poor thermostability as compared with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The possible difference of the samples with different crystal sizes on IR spectra was also given.     

柠檬酸处理对ZSM-5分子筛甲缩醛气相羰基化性能的影响

采用柠檬酸对晶种法制备的低硅铝比ZSM-5纳米晶聚集体进行改性处理,并将其应用于催化甲缩醛(DMM)气相羰基化合成甲氧基乙酸甲脂(MMAc)反应.结果表明,通过调控柠檬酸处理时间可以有效地改进所制备ZSM-5分子筛的催化羰基化性能.其中,使用0.2 mol/L柠檬酸在80℃下处理12 h后的ZSM-5分子筛可获得59.5%DMM转化率和59.3%的MMAc选择性,MMAc收率从16.9%提高到35.3%.通过SEM、 TEM、 ICP、 N_2-BET、 Py-FTIR、 NH_3-TPD等表征手段对分子筛进行详细表征分析,发现适当调控柠檬酸处理时间,可使得纳米晶聚集体ZSM-5分子筛酸强度降低,并暴露出更多的中强B酸位点,同时增大分子筛比表面积及孔道体积.酸性位点的增多促使DMM转化率提高,而酸强度的降低、比表面积及孔道体积的增加,有助于调控中间物种的反应路径及扩散程度,进而抑制部分副反应,提高目标产物MMAc的选择性.     

气相转移法与水热合成法合成ZSM-5/SAPO-5核壳结构复合分子筛的比较

以磷酸、拟薄水铝石和硅溶胶为原料,三乙胺为模板剂,在不同晶化温度和晶化时间的实验条件下,分别采用水热合成法和气相转移法合成了一系列ZSM-5/SAPO-5核壳结构复合分子筛,并用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线能量散射谱、红外光谱和N2吸附等手段对其进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的分子筛是以ZSM-5为核,以SAPO-5为壳的双结构复合分子筛.晶化温度的提高和晶化时间的延长有利于分子筛结晶度的提高.与水热合成法相比,采用气相转移法可以减小壳层SAPO-5的颗粒尺寸,减少脱离ZSM-5表面独立生长的SAPO-5的量,改善SAPO-5在ZSM-5表面的分布.重油裂化结果表明,核壳结构复合分子筛对生成低碳烯烃的催化性能优于机械混合的样品.     

无粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂骨架脱铝改性的研究

对比了无粘结剂和有粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂的吸附性质, 证实前者的优良品质. 以27Al固体核磁共振(MAS NMR)考察了盐酸处理、水蒸气处理及水蒸气-盐酸相结合处理后无粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂的骨架脱铝行为以及非骨架铝的状态. 以X射线粉末衍射(XRD), X射线荧光光谱(XRF), 低温氮吸附, NH3-TPD和吡啶吸附原位红外光谱(in situ IR)等详细表征了骨架脱铝对其晶体、元素组成及孔结构、表面强(S)酸与弱(L)酸、Brönsted(B)酸与Lewis(L)酸酸量分布等影响. 揭示了水蒸气处理的深度骨架脱铝强烈地调变沸石的结构和表面酸性的本质, 证明了该处理方式对调变S酸和B酸起主导作用.     

Synthesis and Characterization of ZSM-5/β Co-Crystalline Zeolite

ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolites with different content of ZSM-5 have been synthesized by adding different amount of ZSM-5 to the synthetic system ofβ zeolite with NaAlO2, silica sol as the source of aluminum and silica, respectively, and TEA as the template under controlled condition of the synthesis. The ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite was studied by XRD, SEM, BET and NH3-TPD. The reaction activity of toluene alkylation was investigated with a mixture of toluene-methanol as the feedstock in a pulse micro-reactor over the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite. It is found that ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite has two kinds of zeolite structure including ZSM-5 and β zeolite, not in the form of a physical mixture. The pore structure of ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolites is different from that forβ zeolite, ZSM-5and their physical mixture. In addition, the peaks of both high and low temperature desorption of ammonia over the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite shift 23 ℃ to lower temperatures and the acid amount of its strong acid is 3% more than the physical mixture. So the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite produces the highest content of xylene, which is 10.4% higher than the physical mixture. And the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite has better selectivity for toluene alkylation and weaker de-methylation than β zeolite, ZSM-5 and their physical mixture.     

ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究进展

本文分析了ZSM-5分子筛膜的主要合成方法和研究现状,总结了ZSM-5分子筛膜的缺陷与修饰方法,指出了ZSM-5分子筛膜的表征手段是以XRD、SEM、TEM和单组分气体渗透等为主,对ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用和前景进行了展望。     

ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究进展

本文分析了ZSM-5分子筛膜的主要合成方法和研究现状,总结了ZSM-5分子筛膜的缺陷与修饰方法,指出了ZSM-5分子筛膜的表征手段是以XRD、SEM、TEM和单组分气体渗透等为主,对ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用和前景进行了展望。     

无胺合成[Fe]ZSM-5分子筛的结构鉴定及其催化性能的研究

不用有机胺为模板剂,在碱性介质中采用水热合成法成功地合成了[Fe]ZSM-5分子筛.用X射线衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱、顺磁共振谱、X射线光电子能谱和穆斯堡尔谱等对其结构进行了表征,结果表明,Fe原子进入了分子筛骨架,并处于四面体的配位环境.在由甲醇转化为汽油的过程中,以本文合成的[Fe]ZSM-5与用有机胺为模板剂合成的[Fe]ZSM-5分子筛为催化剂相比,其活性和选择性几乎相同,且都比通常的H[Al]ZSM-5好,C₅组分以上的选择性大于80%,且芳烃(包括脂环烃)和异构烃的含量达75%以上.     

ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛的合成与催化裂化性能

 采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线能量散射谱、红外光谱和核磁共振等多种物化方法对合成的ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛进行了表征，证明这种材料具有以ZSM－5为核层、以AlPO4－5为壳层的双结构特征．考察了合成条件对ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）分子筛形貌的影响，发现ZSM－5分子筛的加入方式对产物的形貌有较大影响．重油裂化反应结果表明，ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛的催化性能比ZSM－5和ZSM－5／AlPO4－5机械混合分子筛样品好，表现为原油转化率和低碳烯烃、汽油及柴油收率提高．