A Model For Prediction Of Survival In Critically III Dogs

A system was developed for objective prediction of survival, which could be applied to all critically ill patients, regardless of disease, at an early stage of hospitaluation. Such a system would allow risk assessment of groups for experimental studies according to probability of survival and it might allow us to avoid expenditure of scarce clinical resources on animals with little chance of survival. The prospective study included 200 critically ill dogs: 93 females and 107 males, representing 62 breeds. With survival defined as alive 30 days after admisssion to ICU the overall mortality rate was 40.5% (81 of 200 dogs). Data collected included signalment and parameters that reflected vital organ function, the severity of physiologic derangement and the extent of physiologic reserve. We recorded the most abnormal value for each parameter within 24 hours of admission to ICU and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze four different weighting systems. The best model had a concordance 0f 86.5% with outcome, and it was then re-evaluated to determine whether individual variables could be eliminated without losing predictive accuracy. Fourvariables were eliminated, resulting in a final model with 18 variables which had 86.3% concordance with outcome. At a 0.5 cut-off for predicted risk, the model had sensitivity Of 69%, specificity ficity of 86% and positive predictive value of 77%. A Receiver Operating Curve was constructed using serial cut-offs for predicted outcome from 0.1 to 0.9, and the area under the curve was 0.89. Thus, an equation was generated that gives an estimate of the probability of survival.     

建立完善的兽药残留监控体系势在必行

动物源食品中兽药残留问题越来越受到人们的重视,它对人民健康的危害和给我国造成的经济损失不容忽视。中国已经加入WTO,面临更大的市场竞争,动物源食品中的药物残留问题严重阻碍了我国畜产品的出口,损害了我国畜产品在国际上的地位和声誉。因此,我们必须采取一系列措施加强对动物源食品中兽药残留的监测。本文就兽药残留的引发原因、危害及对此应采取的措施作一综述,以引起人们的注意。     

Influence Of Allopurinol On The Pathophysiology Of Experimental Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus

Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) was surgiclly induced in 10 dogs. Five of the dogs were pretreated with 50 mg/kg PO of allopurinol to determine the effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition on the pathophysiology of GDV. After 150 minutes, the GDV was corrected, and lactated Ringer's solution was administered intravenoulsy (resuscitation). Two hundred forty minutes after relief fo GDV, the dogs were euthanatized without recovery from anesthesia. Administration of allopurinol was associated with a reduced (P<0.01) incidence of hepatic necrosis and a lower (P<0.045) serum phosphorus level than observed in the control group at the end of the experiment. The increase in base deficit in the allopurinol-treated group after resuscitation was also less(P<0.045) than the control group. In conclusion, this study suggests that inhibition of xanthine oxidase-derived oxygen free radicals protects against hepatic necrosis in dogs with GDV. Resuscitation appears to be a time of profound physiologic stress for dogs with GDV.     

“十三五”国家重点研发计划中的畜牧兽医科技布局与评述

科技资源的布局和配置对于畜牧兽医领域科技创新和产业发展具有重要支撑作用。"十三五"科技计划改革组建了全新的国家重点研发计划,设置"畜禽重大疫病防控与高效安全养殖综合技术研发"等国家重点研发专项对畜牧兽医领域科技创新进行支持,在动物疫病防控、高效安全养殖、养殖环境处理、养殖装备等方面进行了布局,按照基础研究、重点关键技术研发、集成示范进行"全链条设计、一体化实施"。本文以该专项为主,介绍并分析"十三五"国家重点研发计划畜牧兽医类项目实施背景和立项情况,对我国畜牧兽医领域的科技布局进行阐述并提出评述与展望。     

灵长类动物电子病历管理软件的研究与开发

为了实现对病猴信息的采集、加工、存储和科学的分析 ,系统结构模型采用C/S模型 ,后台数据库SQLServer 2 0 0 0 ,编程语言Delphi7.0 ,成功地开发了灵长类动物电子病历管理版软件 ,实现对病猴信息的输入 ,根据不同条件进行快捷查询病猴相关记录。实践证明 ,该系统运行良好 ,安全稳定 ,易维护 ,实现整个局域的信息共享 ,提高了兽医的学习效率和工作效率。因此 ,建立该系统对于加强灵长类动物的疾病治疗、预防和诊断 ,指导合理用药和提高病猴的治愈率具有重要的意义     

畜牧兽医专业创业导向型实践体系的构建与实践

为探索以"创业型畜牧生产实训"为特征的畜牧兽医专业实践体系,结合畜牧兽医专业创业导向型实践体系构建与实践进行的10多年教学探索,提出了创业实践体系、校内课程实践体系、教学实践实习体系和社会实践教学体系共4种实践体系并运用于畜牧兽医专业人才培养,取得了提高人才培养质量的良好效果,为畜牧兽医专业人才培养探索新途径.     

引领行业发展保障食品安全---第二届兽药大会札记

第二届中国兽药大会在南京召开。与会领导总结我国兽医事业取得成果,探讨兽医行业发展规划,明确兽药行业发展目标。多位专家分别就猪病、禽病防控,兽药新技术作了专题报告。大会还邀请国际专家介绍国外兽药管理情况。     

阿莫西林系统适用性国家兽药标准物质的研制

试验借鉴了中国食品药品检定研究院阿莫西林系统适用性对照品制备工艺,在原工艺基础上进行了优化,增加了酸中和的关键步骤,研制了阿莫西林系统适用性国家兽药标准物质。通过工艺优化,显著提升了样品溶液稳定性;且与中检院的对照品对比,未知杂质明显减少,已知杂质均可清晰定位,尤其是阿莫西林闭环三聚体更易于辨识。本对照品的研制对阿莫西林原料及相关制剂的生产及质量控制具有重要意义。     

优质猪杂交繁育体系的构建与优化

选用杜洛克、长白、大白3个国外引进品种,冀合白猪专门化母系B1个国内培育品系,以及1个地方品种太湖猪,模拟杂交繁育体系的生物经济学过程,构建了优质猪的杂交繁育体系,并以每头后备母猪平均每年的利润、每头标准化商品猪的利润、每1000头标准商品猪相对应的母猪头数和商品代出栏猪肌内脂肪含量(肉质指标)4个评价指标对杂交繁育体系进行了优化选择,结果在4种杂交配套组合中,杜洛克×(大白×冀合白猪专门化母系B)经济效率和商品代猪肉质最优。     

浅谈我国兽药管理体系的建设

从构成兽药管理体系的兽药法律法规和标准、兽药行政管理制度、兽药检验和兽药执法监督等要素总结了我国兽药管理体系建设所取得的成效,分析了目前兽药管理体系中存在的问题,并提出了加强兽药管理体系建设的建议。     

系统动力学及其在畜牧业中的应用

本文介绍了系统动力学的概况、特点及建立系统动力学模拟模型的步骤,从畜牧业管理与发展、养殖业和草地畜牧业三方面阐述了系统动力学在畜牧业中的应用。     

Bypassing The Oral Cavity: The Use of Tube Esophagostomy For Long-Term Enteral Nutritional Support In A Foal

A premature foal developed severe aspiration pneumonia secondary to persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate associated with marked edema of the larynx and nasopharynx. Tube esophagostomy was used successfully for long-term nutritional supplementation. There were no complications, and bypass of the larynx and pharynx allowed resolution of the palatal abnormality and subsequent resolution of the aspiration pneumonia. (Vet. Emerg. Crit. Care, 10:7–12, 2000)     

可移动箱式标准化保存火龙果种质及实生苗的新模式

针对传统的火龙果杂交育种模式存在的育种周期长、优选单株不易保持健康性、育种占地多管理不便以及成本高见效慢等缺陷,本文设计介绍一种可移动箱式标准化保存火龙果种质及实生苗的新模式,包括设施设备要求、结构参数、外界环境及关键栽培技术措施等。该模式配合人工气候室催花、高位嫁接缩短童期快速鉴定杂交后代等技术的应用,可缩短从种质资源至杂交配种所需时间并方便管理操作,还能加速杂交后代实生苗脱离童期阶段,使得火龙果的传统育种杂交周期世代由原来的24-36个月缩短至8个月左右,并可保持优选实生苗单株的健康性。     

农业部兽药产品批准文号核发系统建设与展望

对新建的农业部兽药产品批准文号核发系统,就建设中的基本思路、整体框架、流程和时限、数据和数据管理、软件和硬件环境、用户管理等六个方面进行了介绍,并对下一步工作进行展望,以便用户更好地理解和使用本系统。     

动物营养学科发展在战略方向上的重大突破:构建动物健康营养理论和技术体系及其实际应用

本文重点介绍本人近年来逐步形成并首次提出的动物健康营养理论和技术体系.这是国际动物营养学科发展在战略方向上的重大突破.本人在国际上首次提出由自由基稳态失衡为主导的氧化应激—炎症反应—免疫功能失衡三方联动效应健康营养的核心理念,揭开了病理条件下营养代谢基本特征,同时也是动物疾病,特别是非传染疾病发生的根本原因,为动物健康...     

动物药品科技营销体系与方略

动药科技营销是企业今后提高市场动物药品质量的有效性举措。本文论述我国加入WTO之后约品建设科技营销体系的方略及其对畜牧养殖业和动物药品产业发展的影响与作用，与同行讨论。     

奶牛养殖小区适度发展规模评价的指标体系

采用专家打分,确定"权重"大小,进行项目综合评估是常用的一种方法。然而实际应用时,由于数据信息量相对少,常会出现不易掌握的问题。为此,作者以奶牛养殖小区适度发展规模评价指标体系为实例。推荐一种称之为方根法的近似算法来确定"权重"。即通过层次分析法,构造判断矩阵,利用层次一致性检验方法,不断修正"权重",直到判断矩阵具有满意的一致性为止。