时效处理对FV520B马氏体时效钢的氢脆敏感性的影响

通过系列热处理和热充氧实验,采用光学显微镜、SEM和拉伸试验等研究了不同温度时效处理对沉淀硬化马氏体不锈钢FV520B的氢脆敏感性的影响.结果表明:充氢后,FV520B钢表现出良好的抗氧脆件能;450℃低温时效后钢的氢脆敏感件较高,而630℃中温时效后,钢中由于析出较多的逆变奥氏体,阻碍氧扩散和裂纹扩展;充氢后表现出良好的抗氢脆性能.塑性损减率随钢中逆变奥氏体的增加而降低.     

新型无Ni高N奥氏体不锈钢的低温变形行为

利用冲击实验、拉伸实验、XRD和TEM对2种不同N含量的无Ni高N奥氏体不锈钢低温变形行为进行了研究.结果表明,高N奥氏体不锈钢在低温下发生明显的韧脆转变和加工硬化现象.在实验材料的Mn含量水平内,提高Mn含量能够改善高N奥氏体不锈钢的低温塑性和韧性,降低其韧脆转变温度.18Cr-12Mn-0.55N钢在低温拉伸变形时会发生形变诱导马氏体相变,但马氏体转变量很少,降低温度对马氏体转变量无明显影响.形变诱导马氏体能提高高N奥氏体不锈钢的加工硬化能力,但降低了钢的低温塑性和韧性.加工硬化能力和层错能随温度的降低而降低是Re-Cr-Mn高N奥氏体不锈钢在低温下发生脆断的主要原因.     

加热速率对FV520B钢奥氏体化相变动力学的影响

通过热膨胀实验测得了在不同加热速率条件下FV520B钢奥氏体化的膨胀量变化曲线,研究了不同加热速率对相变特征温度和连续奥氏体化动力学的影响,建立了FV520B钢奥氏体化的相变动力学模型,并对其准确性与使用范围进行验证和分析,并根据此模型建立了FV520B钢圆盘工件的热-组织耦合模型,计算了工件加热、保温与淬火过程的温度与组织转变。     

FV520(B)钢时效组织和力学性能分析

通过透射电镜、电子拉伸、示波冲击试验，分析了马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢FV520（B）850℃油淬后分别在560、600和630℃时效后的组织和力学性能。结果表明，淬火态FV520（B）钢560℃和600℃时效处理后，组织均为过时效马氏体＋残余奥氏体，但细微组织有较大的差别，630℃时效处理后，组织为过时效马氏体＋马氏体＋残余奥氏体；560℃时效后强度最高；三种时效温度下，FV520（B）均具有较高的冲击韧度，600℃时效后冲击韧度最高；时效温度对FV520（B）冲击韧度的影响主要决定于其对塑性变形功（Ad）的影响。     

FV520(B)钢时效组织和力学性能分析

通过透射电镜、电子拉伸、示波冲击试验,分析了马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢FV520(B)850℃油淬后分别在560、600和630℃时效后的组织和力学性能。结果表明,淬火态FV520(B)钢560℃和600℃时效处理后,组织均为过时效马氏体+残余奥氏体,但细微组织有较大的差别,630℃时效处理后,组织为过时效马氏体+马氏体+ 残余奥氏体;560℃时效后强度最高;三种时效温度下,FV520(B)均具有较高的冲击韧度,600℃时效后冲击韧度最高;时效温度对FY520(B)冲击韧度的影响主要决定于其对塑性变形功(Apl)的影响。     

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo马氏体不锈钢中TRIP效应的同步辐射高能X射线原位研究

利用自制的小型拉伸装置对淬火+回火热处理后的ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo马氏体不锈钢试样进行单轴拉伸变形,使用同步辐射高能X射线衍射技术对钢中逆变奥氏体力学稳定性和相变诱导塑性(transformation induced plastic,TRIP)进行原位研究.结果表明,随着拉伸应力的增加,逆变奥氏体衍射峰积分强度逐渐减弱,逆变奥氏体在变形过程中逐步发生了形变诱导马氏体相变.利用Rietveld全谱精修拟合方法对不同应力状态下的逆变奥氏体相分数进行定量分析,发现逆变奥氏体的形变诱导马氏体相变开始于材料的宏观弹性阶段,并持续至整个塑性变形阶段.通过比较分析不同热处理工艺下逆变奥氏体的形变诱导相变过程和材料的加工硬化行为发现,逆变奥氏体的形变诱导相变的出现增加了马氏体基体的位错密度,导致材料加工硬化指数的提高,有效提高了材料的塑性.     

马氏体不锈钢的中高温力学性能

利用电子万能试验机及热膨胀仪等测试分析手段对不同热处理后的马氏体不锈钢FV520B进行中高温度段的拉伸试验、蠕变试验、线膨胀系数试验,并对试样断口进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明,FV520B钢的中高温拉伸性能较室温出现下降,当测试温度由300 ℃升高至500 ℃时,强度整体呈下降趋势,塑韧性基本保持稳定;FV520B钢经480 ℃时效后,在300 ℃测试温度及屈服强度载荷下具有很好的抗蠕变性能;测试温度在300~500 ℃区间内,FV520B钢的线膨胀速率呈现平缓增长趋势。     

高强高韧FV520B马氏体钢的时效工艺优化

通过在600,630,680,700和720℃保温1 h空冷,以及在630℃短时时效后炉冷和空冷的热处理,研究了不同时效温度、时效时间以及冷却方式对沉淀硬化马氏体不锈钢FV520B的组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,630℃短时时效后钢中即可析出一定量的逆转变奥氏体,且钢中的析出相尺寸较小并弥散分布,由此提出了一种沉淀强化马氏体不锈钢的热处理工艺优化,即FV520B钢经630℃短时时效并炉冷后.可以获得较佳的高强度和高韧性组合.     

奥氏体化温度对汽车用QP钢组织性能的影响

利用扫描电镜及透射电镜、X射线衍射仪和拉伸试验机对采用不同的奥氏体化温度处理后QP钢微观组织和力学性能进行观察及测试分析,探讨了奥氏体化温度对QP钢组织与力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:奥氏体化温度对QP钢最终的组织性能有决定性影响。部分奥氏体化时,QP钢的最终组织为马氏体+残留奥氏体+铁素体;完全奥氏体化时,QP钢的最终组织为马氏体+残留奥氏体。随奥氏体化温度提高,铁素体数量减少,马氏体数量增多,QP钢的强度增加,塑性下降。拉伸过程中,QP钢中发生了残留奥氏体向马氏体转变。     

中碳低合金钢的马氏体与下贝氏体复相组织研究

本文选用5CrNiMo钢,探讨中碳低合金钢采用M-B下复相热处理,当组织中B下量为25～30％时,阐述了其静拉伸机械性能、冲击韧性随回火温度的变化规律,并与经常规热处理钢的性能进行此较。由于先形成的下贝氏体分割了原奥氏体晶粒以及后转变的马氏体对下贝氏体的塑性约束作用,使经复相处理后钢的强韧性优于单相马氏体。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.