吴起油田注气混相驱油的研究与分析

提高原油的采收率在油田的开发利用过程中是一个永久的话题,它贯穿在油田的开发过程中。注气的方式提高的采收率是一种的应用的相当好的提高的采收率方法,因为的注气效果的受到的很多的油藏条件的限制,所以在注气的之前的将注气候选的油藏的筛选与评价,是注气的能否的成功关键。     

自动化仪器仪表在油田生产节能中的应用

伴随着科学技术的进步,对于工业生产来说,仪器仪表的自动化是发展的趋势,而且仪器仪表的自动化的普及程度在现在来说,是逐渐的增高的。在石油行业之中,自动化的仪器仪表的作用是非常大的,对于节省人力、物力,提升石油行业的工作效率有着明显的效果,但是对于自动化仪器仪表如果进行大量的布置,也会有一定的问题出现,主要的在于会损耗大量的能源,不能够满足我们国家的环保节能的总体的发展的要求。所以,要想对于油田进行长足的发展,就应该在环保节能的仪器仪表的研究方面加强投入,创新出更加合理、科学的建设、装配方案,不仅仅要满足油田的生产的要求,还应该达到环保、节能生产的目标。     

浅析公路路基施工工艺中的质量控制要点

公路的施工在现在面临的挑战是非常大的,主要是来自于车辆的行车速度在不断的提升,而且车辆的负荷也在增加,与是同时,车辆的数量也在逐渐的增多,这些因素都给公路的路基和路面带来了很大的影响。目前,公路的路基和路面的质量也在不断的提高,作为公路工程的基础,路基的质量会直接影响公路的使用效果,所以在进行公路施工的时候要对公路的路基的质量进行严格的控制。     

对油田生产过程的监控与管理系统的分析研究

随着我国已经加入了世界贸易组织,我国的能源市场的竞争也日益的加剧,石油企业在这种趋势之下,在不断的提高原油的产量的条件下,同时也要加快对油田生产过程中的监控以及管理系统的建设,提高竞争的手段。当今我国的石油勘探的开采技术已经得到了迅速的发展,而且取得了非常好的经济效益。但是对于联合站的原油生产的综合的处理能力以及原油的技术装置都是比较落后的。对于生产过程中参数的监测和控制装置技术的陈旧和设备的老化都对于安全生产有着重大的影响。本文通过列举油田联合站的分布式的监控系统的实例,对分布式监控系统在油田生产中的应用进行了研究。并且从油气集输的生产管理的系统现状出发,进行了系统的建模,重建了技术生产的管理流程,确立了总体的设计思路,并确定了系统开发技术的整体路线。     

浅议建筑监理对施工现场协调工作的开展

随着近年来我国社会经济发展的不断加快,城市化的进程也在不断的得以深化,建筑行业也由此而得到了更加迅速的发展,建设的速度和深度都在一定的程度上得到了提升,但是由于建设的速度越来越快,所以说在实际施工的过程当中也会相应的存在着一些问题,所谓的建筑监理工作指的是在建筑工程的施工过程当中,相关的建设单位对于监理单位进行的一种服务委托。在国家相关法律规范的指导之下,对于建筑工程的施工现场进行有效的管理工作,管理的内容主要是根据工程建设相关合同的要求来进行的,针对于建筑工程的质量、投资和工期等各个方面都要进行有力的监管工作,但是最主要的部分还是对于施工现场的相关协调,对于现场施工的各个部分进行有效的监管,及时的处理现场施工过程当中的诸多问题,从而对于工程的质量进行保证。     

黑陶印象

张福荣的黑陶艺术,蕴含着天地的交响。 黄色的泥土,红色的火焰,黑色的陶艺,构成统一的音符,终究造化出深沉的咏叹; 精美的画面,稳重的版式,震撼的图腾,每一种样态的交织,产生着优美的旋律,自然构造出生命的乐章。     

高速公路路基填料改良及其应用分析

高速公路的修建基础是根据当地的土质以及环境再配合相应的填充材料进行的。例如某些地方的土质是一种具有特殊性的盐渍土质。这种土质会给工程的实施带来很大的困难,因为土质的原因会出现腐蚀等一系列问题。本文对盐渍土地路基在施工时的问题进行分析。通过实验与具体的施工所遇到的问题研究盐渍路基的填料的问题。通过一系列的实验对盐渍土质的固话进行研究,为了在具体的施工过程中提供有利的施工方案,这是本次研究的主要目的。为改善盐渍路基提供可靠的科学基础。这将对未来的高速公路的发展有着非凡的意义。     

浅谈如何做好结构设计及需要注意的问题

伴随着我国整体社会的不断快速发展,城市的整体建设和综合性功能规划不能得到合理的发展。城市的整合性土建工程数量伴随着工程得到了合理的综合性发展。伴随着土建建筑工程的规模的不断扩大,工程的综合性数量、基站设备和数量得到了合理的加深。随着土建工程的机构管理设计关系的不断复杂化、多样化,带动综合性的土建设计结构液不断的发展,合理的分析土建结构的相关各个方面的关系,制定合理的综合性设计规划,从而逐步完成有效化的综合性多方面考虑工作控制。本文将针对土建设计结构进行合理的工程原则分析,制定合理的设计过程,完善综合性的土建结构设计过程的有效化分析,针对相关的结构设计进行合理的综合性问题研究,从几个方面制定合理的综合性意见分析,实现良好的结构设计控制。     

“变化期”的供应商选择策略

什么样的供应商才是企业所需要的？带来低价格的供应商、高质量的供应商、有规模的供应商、非竞争性的供应商、有能力的供应商、可以控制的供应商、有品牌的供应商、专属的供应商、可以快速响应的供应商、全球化的供应商等等,以上这些特征是企业脱口而出的要求标准。     

基于BIM技术的高架桥工程施工中应用研究

BIM是建筑信息模型的简称,现在BIM技术已经广泛的用于各种建筑工程中,这种技术主要是借助计算机来建立数字化的模型,它对工程项目的各个环节都有辅助的作用,对工程的招标、设计以及运营都起着重要的作用,对于建筑行业的管理者而言,它是整个工程起着重要的管理作用。建筑施工的过程是很复杂的,并且在施工的过程中有很多的不确定因素,作为建筑工程项目的管理者不但要考虑到建筑本身的设计,还要考虑到工期、成本或者是场地的问题,这些问题贯穿于施工过程的始终,而这些问题是随时变化的,不确定的因素很多,要想及时的管理是存在一定的困难的。现在我国的交通处于不断的发展中,高架桥也随着交通的发展而产生,高架桥在施工的过程中采用了BIM技术,它对高架桥的建设做出了重要的贡献,使高架桥的建设更为顺利。     

High-strength thermal insulating mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics

Mullite fibrous porous ceramics is one of the most commonly used high temperature insulation materials. However, how to improve the strength of the mullite fibrous porous ceramics dramatically under the premise of no sacrificing the low sample density has always been a difficult scientific problem. In this study, the strategy of using mullite nanofibers to replace the mullite micron-fibers was proposed to fabricate the mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics by the gel-casting method. Results show that mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics present a much higher compressive strength (0.837 MPa) than that of mullite micron-fibrous porous ceramics (0.515 MPa) even when the density of the mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics (0.202 g/cm³) is only around three quarters of that of the mullite micron-fibrous porous ceramics (0.266 g/cm³). The obtained materials that present the best combination of mechanical and thermal properties can be regarded as potential high-temperature thermal insulators in various thermal protection systems.     

多孔陶瓷材料的制备与应用研究进展

介绍了多孔陶瓷材料的特点,综述了近年来国内外在制备多孔陶瓷材料上的新理论、新进展,对多孔陶瓷的制备工艺,特别是原料的选取、成型工艺和成孔工艺进行了分析,并阐述了其在过滤、催化、吸音、保温等方面的应用。     

Lightweight and thermally insulating aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics

Aluminum borate porous ceramics are excellent candidates for high-temperature insulation applications. Current research on aluminum borate-based porous ceramics mainly focuses on porous ceramics made up of aluminum borate whiskers, whose low aspect ratio leads to a relatively dense porous structure; this results in porous ceramics with low porosity and relatively high thermal conductivity. In this study, we report the manufacturing of aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics by an agar-based gel casting method using electrospun nanofibers with a high aspect ratio as the three-dimensional skeleton structure. We explored the effect of the alumina/boron oxide molar ratio on the microscopic morphology and crystal phase composition of the aluminum borate nanofibers and that of the sintering temperature on the micro and macro properties of porous ceramics based on the nanofibers. The results showed that aluminum borate nanofibers with an alumina/boron oxide molar ratio of 7:2 had the densest microscopic morphology, and the corresponding porous ceramics exhibited a higher porosity (91%) and lower thermal conductivity (0.11 W m^?1 K^?1) after sintering at 1200 °C than aluminum borate porous ceramics with aluminum borate whiskers as the skeleton. The successful synthesis of aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics provides new insights into the development of high-temperature insulators.     

High-strength thermal insulating porous mullite fiber-based ceramics

How to improve the strength of fibrous porous ceramics dramatically under the premise of no sacrificing its low density and thermal conductivity has remained a challenge in the high-temperature thermal insulation field. In this paper, a new kind of high-strength mullite fiber-based ceramics composed of interlocked porous mullite fibers was prepared by nanoemulsion electrospinning and dry pressing method. Results show that as to the porous ceramics with the same density (～ 0.8 g/cm³), the three-dimensional skeleton structure composed of porous mullite fibers was much denser than that composed of solid mullite fibers. Therefore, porous mullite fiber-based ceramics exhibited a higher compressive strength (5.53 MPa) than that of solid mullite fiber-based ceramics (3.21 MPa). In addition, porous mullite fiber-based ceramics exhibited a superior high-temperature heat insulation property because the porous structure in fibers could reduce the radiant heat conduction. This work provides new insight into the development of high-temperature thermal insulators.     

绿色多功能材料--多孔陶瓷

多孔陶瓷是一种新型材料,由于其具有较低的热传导等优良性能,而被广泛地应用于众多科学领域.笔者综述了多孔陶瓷的制备工艺、性能及应用,尤其是讨论了多孔陶瓷在各个领域的应用,最后展望了多孔陶瓷的发展前景及今后的发展方向.     

Ultra-low cost porous mullite ceramics with excellent dielectric properties and low thermal conductivity fabricated from kaolin for radome applications

Near-net-shape mullite ceramics with high porosity were prepared from ultra-low cost natural aluminosilicate mineral kaolin as raw material and polystyrene micro-sphere (PS) as pore-forming agent. Microstructure, flexural strength, thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of the ceramics were systematically researched. Results show that the porous mullite ceramics possess fibrous skeleton structure formed by a large quantity of interlocked mullite whiskers, which results in good mechanical properties and low-to-zero sintering shrinkage. Flexural strength of the porous mullite ceramics can be up to 41.01 ± 1.12 MPa, even if the porosity is as high as 62.44%. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the porous mullite ceramics at room temperature are lower than 2.61 and 5.9 × 10⁻³, respectively. Besides, dielectric constant is very stable with the rising of temperature, and the dielectric loss can be consistently lower than 10⁻² when the temperature is not higher than 800 °C. In addition, thermal conductivity at room temperature is as low as 0.163 W/m/K when the porosity of mullite ceramics is 80.05%. The infiltration of SiO₂ aerogels (SiO₂ AGs) can further decrease the thermal conductivity to 0.075 W/m/K, while has just little effects on the dielectric properties. Excellent mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties show that the porous mullite ceramics have potential applications in radome fields. The porous mullite ceramics prepared from kaolin not only have low cost, but also can achieve near-net-shape.     

Tailoring the pore structure and property of porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics by NaCl additive

This study investigated the effects of NaCl additive on the phase composition, pore structure and mechanical property of porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics, which were prepared by freeze-casting. The results indicated that the addition of NaCl promoted transformation of β-tricalcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite in the BCP ceramics; the OH group in HA phase of BCP ceramic was partially replaced by chloride ion. As the mass fraction of NaCl in the slurry increased from 0 to 3%, the porosity of obtained porous BCP ceramics decreased from 77.76% to 60.22%; the average width of dendritic pores increased from 74.37 µm to 111.27 µm; the compressive strength achieved threefold increase. As the amount of NaCl additive reached 4.5%, the porosity, pore width, and compressive strength of the porous BCP ceramics were comparable with those modified by 3% NaCl. NaCl is regarded as an effective additive to tailor the pore structure and property of freeze-cast porous ceramics.     

Elastic Properties of Model Porous Ceramics

The finite-element method (FEM) is used to study the influence of porosity and pore shape on the elastic properties of model porous ceramics. Young's modulus of each model is practically independent of the solid Poisson's ratio. At a sufficiently high porosity, Poisson's ratio of the porous models converges to a fixed value independent of the solid Poisson's ratio. Young's modulus of the models is in good agreement with experimental data. We provide simple formulas that can be used to predict the elastic properties of ceramics and allow the accurate interpretation of empirical property–porosity relations in terms of pore shape and structure.     

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料研究进展

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料具有优异的机械性能、耐热性能及介电性能,成为透波材料科学研究领域中的热点之一。本文介绍了多孔氮化硅陶瓷的主要制备技术,并对国内外多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

骨料颗粒与多孔材料显微结构关系的研究

本文阐述了多孔材料的孔隙率与生产工艺的关系 ,结合显微结构分析了骨料粒径及其分布对多孔材料的孔隙率、抗折强度的影响。