植入式静脉输液港与PICC导管在恶性肿瘤患者化疗中的效果比较

目的比较植入式静脉输液港(VAP)与经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管(PICC)导管在恶性肿瘤化疗患者中的效果。方法 287例恶性肿瘤患者根据治疗意愿分为两组,PICC组(n=140例)经PICC化疗治疗,VAP组(n=147例)经VAP化疗治疗,比较两组患者不同时间导管留置率、意外拔管率、留置时间、生活质量及导管并发症发生情况。结果 VAP组患者置管后第6、12个月导管置管率及留置时间、生活质量评分均明显高于PICC组(P<0.05),而意外拔管率明显低于PICC组(P<0.05);VAP组患者导管堵塞、导管相关性血流感染等并发症发生率均明显低于PICC组(P<0.05)。结论 VAP具有并发症发生率低、留置时间长、对恶性肿瘤患者生活质量影响小等优点,可作为化疗理想的深静脉通道。     

不同深静脉置管方式在乳腺癌术后化疗中的应用

目的比较不同深静脉置管方式在乳腺癌术后化疗中的临床使用效果及相关并发症。方法分别采用经锁骨下静脉、颈内静脉或外周静脉插入中心静脉导管（PICC）,为患者留置深静脉导管于上腔静脉进行乳腺癌术后辅助化疗。结果分别经锁骨下静脉、颈内静脉或外周静脉置管患者为6、9、26例,所有患者均成功置管,三组导管平均留置时间分别为（24.00±2.95）d、（27.17±5.42）d、（145.45±14.45）d,颈内静脉组发生1例置管感染,无一例发生药物渗漏性血管损伤、皮肤损伤及导管堵塞等并发症,均顺利完成化疗。结论经锁骨下静脉或颈内静脉留置时间短,平均费用低,长期使用需定期换管,适用于外周静脉插管困难患者,PICC置管保留时间长,通常一次置管可完成乳腺癌术后6次辅助化疗,定期导管护理可减少导管堵塞、感染等并发症发生,值得临床推广应用。     

耐高压双腔PICC导管在恶性肿瘤患者化疗中的应用效果及护理措施

经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管（PICC）具有安全可靠、穿刺成功率高、留置时间长等多种优点，目前已广泛应用于临床，尤其适用于恶性肿瘤患者静脉化疗。化疗药物副作用较大，静脉滴注治疗期间常需辅助使用止吐、护肝降酶等药物，由于药物之间存在配伍禁忌，故临床多需要建立双通道静脉给药途径，这样不但增加静脉负担和患者痛苦程度，且静脉炎发生率也会明显升高，对患者活动也造成一定的限制［1］。我院将耐高压注射型双腔PICC（Power PICC）导管应用于恶性肿瘤患者化疗中，效果较为理想，报道如下。     

化疗病人留置PICC导管的全程护理安全管理的方法和体会

PICC是经外周置入中心静脉的导管,采用留置PICC导管不仅减少了病人反复外周静脉穿刺的痛苦。更重要的是保证了肿瘤病人化疗方案有计划、按时、准确无误的进行。避免了化疗药物对外周血管的刺激,保护了血管,减少了局部组织坏死等不良反应。2006年12月～2007年6月。我科对30     

浅谈经外周静脉留置中心静脉导管的并发症原因及应对措施

使用PICC管的患者大多为深静脉营养支持、化疗、危重症等需要进行特殊药物治疗的患者。由于其病理生理特点,经外周静脉留置中心静脉导管（PICC）并发症发生率较高,给患者造成了极大的痛苦,同时也增加了患者的经济负担。为有效降低患者PICC并发症的发生率,维持有效的中心静脉通路,保证治疗的顺利进行,对2006年1月至2007年10月使用PICC管的患者进行了随访,现报告如下。     

外周插管中心静脉导管在CT增强检查中的应用分析

目的 探讨外周插管中心静脉导管(Power PICC SOLO Catheter,Power PICC SOLO)在增强CT(CECT)风险防范中的应用.方法 选取我院化疗患者90例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,两组均45例,其中对照组实施经外周静脉留置针注入对比剂行CECT检查,观察组经外周插管中心静脉导管进...     

连续性护理干预对PICC置管患者自我护理依从性的影响

经外周静脉置入的中心静脉导管（peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC）,是较为先进的静脉输液技术[1],在临床上得到广泛的应用,尤其是对肿瘤化疗患者显得尤为重要。它具有减少反复静脉穿刺痛苦、对静脉刺激小、保护外周静脉等优点。由于置管留置时间长,患者在完成治疗后,需带管回家,为防止导管堵塞、非计划拔管、导管相关血流性感染等并发症,家居环境中导管自我护理相当重要。     

移动数字化X射线摄影机在中心静脉导管定位与异位纠正中的应用

外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（peripherally inserted central catheterization,PICC）因其留置时间长、能够安全地输注刺激性药物、保护患者血管、减轻患者痛苦、可由护士操作等优点已被临床广泛应用[1]。     

经皮下隧道法行外周静脉留置中心静脉导管预防并发症的作用

目的比较两种不同的穿刺方法,探讨减少经外周静脉留置中心静脉导管（PICC）穿刺后并发症发生率的有效措施。方法将46例不同病种行PICC置管患者分为常规组（23例）和观察组（23例）,常规组按常规方法由静脉上方穿刺直入血管行PICC,观察组则在血管下方或侧方2～3cm左右进针,不直接刺入血管,先皮下潜行2～3cm后刺入血管,再将导管插入行PICC。两组穿刺成功后,均用弹力绷带加压包扎固定24h。结果观察组渗血、导管相关性感染发生率均显著低于常规组（P〈0．05）。结论改进PICC穿刺方法后,可减少渗血、导管相关性感染等PICC并发症的发生。     

血液病患者中心静脉导管内壁沉积物的对比研究

血液病患者常需要反复多次大剂量静脉化疗，为了防止化疗药物对周围血管的刺激和损伤，保护患者的周围静脉网，彻底杜绝化疗药物外渗，我们采用锁骨下静脉插管和经外周插管的中心静脉导管(PICC)为血液患者进行骨髓移植、大剂量静脉化疗、静脉高营养支持，成分血输注、抗感染、抗排异治     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.