活性金黄SRE对棉织物的浸轧-真空脱水-湿蒸染色工艺

为提高活性染料传统轧-蒸染色的固色率和染深性,将真空脱水技术引入棉织物的活性染料轧-蒸染色过程。研究了棉织物含水率、汽蒸时间和碳酸钠用量对活性金黄SRE湿蒸染色的影响,并比较了活性金黄SRE采用浸轧-真空脱水-湿蒸(P-Vac-S)工艺与传统浸轧-湿蒸(P-S)工艺染色棉织物的染深性和耐摩擦色牢度。结果表明;浸轧含25 g/L活性金黄SRE染液的棉织物,将其含水率真空脱水至20%~30%,再进行湿蒸,棉织物的上染率(K/S值)和染料固色率相对较高;含水率为(25±2)%的棉织物湿蒸染色的适宜汽蒸时间和碳酸钠质量浓度分别为5 min和25 g/L;采用活性金黄SRE经P-Vac-S工艺染色棉织物的K/S值比采用P-S工艺染色的K/S值高15%~30%,但是经前者染色棉织物的耐摩擦色牢度比后者略差。     

棉织物的活性染料低含水率焙蒸固色工艺

针对棉织物传统轧烘轧蒸染色工艺存在的能耗高、活性染料易水解、废水含盐量高和排放量大等问题,提出了利用密封装置固色的棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色工艺。通过测定密封装置中织物表面温度的变化曲线,探讨含水率对织物升温以及织物染色性能的影响,研究棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色理论。探究焙蒸温度、焙蒸时间、代用碱和Na₂SO₄质量浓度对棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色的影响,并且对低含水率焙蒸固色工艺与轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的染色效果进行了比较。结果表明:染料用量相同时,经低含水率焙蒸固色工艺染色织物的K/S值均比经轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的K/S值高,采用这2种工艺染色的织物耐摩擦色牢度相差较小,这为提升棉织物轧染工艺的染色性能提供了新方法。     

ECO活性染料湿蒸短流程和轧烘轧蒸染色工艺

探讨了安诺其ECO活性染料对纯棉平绒织物的湿蒸短流程和轧烘轧蒸染色工艺,测试了染色织物表面深度K/S值、固色率、提升力以及染色牢度等性能指标,比较了两种染色工艺的差别.试验结果表明:使用安诺其ECO活性染料,实施湿蒸短流程染色,缩短了工艺流程,使染料具有较好的提升性,尤其130℃湿蒸短流程工艺具有较高织物表观深度K/S值,牢度与传统轧烘轧蒸工艺相当.湿蒸短流程染色工艺无需食盐,节约了染化料,降低了废水处理的难度,但湿蒸短流程工艺固色率较传统轧蒸轧烘工艺略低,另外,100℃蒸汽湿蒸工艺仅适合染较浅的颜色.对轧染节能减排、环保染色有待于做进一步探索.     

棉织物活性红SNE的轧蒸染色工艺

选用活性红SNE染料,采用轧蒸染色工艺对棉织物进行染色,制定棉织物活性红SNE的轧蒸染色工艺。对染色后织物的K/S值和固色率进行测试,讨论了汽蒸时间、碳酸钠、元明粉、尿素用量对染色效果的影响。结果表明:活性红SNE染料25 g/L、汽蒸时间3 min、碳酸钠30 g/L、元明粉60 g/L、尿素50 g/L时,染色织物K/S值和固色率较好,棉织物的染色效果较好。     

ECO型活性染料对棉织物的湿焙连续染色

传统棉织物的轧烘轧蒸连续染色由"吸附扩散固色水洗"4步组成,而湿短蒸工艺使4步在1个蒸箱中完成,并且使用ANOZOLECO型活性染料,整个过程除碱剂外不添加任何电解质,具有环保节能的特点。针对无盐饱和湿短蒸工艺中固色率和表观深度低的现状,通过测定湿蒸箱中织物表面温度变化曲线,分析织物中含水的多种分布状态;研究含水率与蒸箱温度、湿度和时间的关系;考察蒸箱温度、湿度、湿焙时间、含水率对湿焙工艺染色表观深度和固色率的影响。基于上述研究结果,确定最佳湿焙染色工艺路线,达到织物染色后较高的色牢度和服用性能。     

棉织物的活性染料/液体石蜡体系无盐节水染色

针对棉织物的活性染料传统水浴染色上染率低、废水含盐量高等问题,以液体石蜡作为染色介质,染色织物的K/S值和匀染性作为评价指标,研究带液量、碱用量及固色温度和时间对染色效果的影响。结果表明,在液体石蜡浴中活性黑KN-B的最佳染色工艺:轧液率120%,碳酸钠质量浓度30 g/L,固色温度75℃,固色时间30 min。在活性染料/液体石蜡体系中,活性染料在无需中性盐促染的条件下上染率接近100%,总固着率接近90%,且染色织物的手感和色牢度好。与传统水浴染色相比,棉织物的活性染料/液体石蜡体系染色技术可极大地减少染色用水,减少染化料消耗,减轻染色废水处理负担,实现生态染色效果。     

活性染料染色新技术(二)

活性染料湿短蒸染色 轧染是活性染料重要的染色方式之一,但通常在轧染工艺中,织物经过浸轧染液后都需要进行中间烘干,以利于后续汽蒸或焙烘固色时提高加工速度和减少染料水解,获得高的固色率和色牢度.     

灯芯绒织物活性染料连续轧-蒸染色

为解决厚重织物活性染料连续轧-蒸染色固色率低的难题,选用活性红3BS对灯芯绒织物进行染色,分析连续轧-蒸染色工艺参数对染色性能的影响,并将染色灯芯绒织物的颜色参数和固色率进行比较。结果表明,活性红3BS用于灯芯绒染色时,适宜的碳酸钠、汽蒸固色和诱导扩散时间分别为25 g/L、5 min和30 min;碱剂对灯芯绒织物颜色参数影响较大,采用专用碱剂可将染色灯芯绒织物的K/S值和固色率提高2.9和11.2%;增加染料分子诱导扩散时间也可改善染色性能,但作用效果有限。     

纤维素纤维纺织品活性染料轧染理论和工艺(五)

4湿短蒸固色工艺 前两节已经指出,根据汽蒸织物是干态或是湿态,活性染料轧染可分多种工艺.干蒸的主要优点是织物升温快、汽蒸时间短,但工艺流程长、耗能高,中间烘干时染料在织物上易泳移,且在汽蒸时染料往往不能在织物上充分溶解、扩散和吸附,又因织物吸湿放热会发生过热现象,因而固色率低;湿蒸虽然工艺流程短(不经过预烘)、节能、染料不易泳移,且汽蒸时不会发生过热现象,但由于织物含水率高,特别是带有较多自由态水,织物升温慢,汽蒸时间较长,且染料在湿织物上受热易发生水解,固色率通常也不高.所以,过去大多采用干态汽蒸,只有一些绒类或含水率较高的织物才采用湿蒸,以克服染色不匀和色牢度差的问题.     

活性染料浸染的上染固色同浴同步工艺的探讨

为解决活性染料浸染残液回用染色中传统染色工艺与其残液回用染色工艺不同引起的色差矛盾,对雅格素BF-RR型活性染料三原色及雅格素黑EF在棉织物上的不同染色工艺进行了研究,比较了常规浸染工艺与上染固色同浴同步工艺的上染速率曲线差异,测试了上染固色同浴同步工艺染色试样的上染率、K/S值、匀染性及其相关牢度.结果表明:上染固色同浴同步工艺上染速率曲线与常规工艺的规律基本一致,吸尽率增加,K/S值有所提高,能保持较好的匀染性和染色牢度,既简化了染色工艺,也解决了这些活性染料浸染残液回用染色与传统工艺不一致的矛盾.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.