超短光脉冲的频率分辨光学开关法测量研究

为了对二次谐波型和偏振开关型频率分辨光学开关法测量超短光脉冲的研究,利用矩阵的方法对实验系统中几种常见超短光脉冲的二次谐波-频率分辨光学开关和偏振开关-频率分辨光学开关光谱图进行了数值模拟,并采用基于矩阵的主元素广义投影算法从数值模拟的二次谐波-频率分辨光学开关光谱图中恢复了脉冲的振幅和相位,误差达到收敛的标准(G-4)。结果表明,频率分辨光学开关能够精确地测量超短光脉冲。     

Stabilisation of mode-locked pulses using travelling-wave semiconductor laser amplifier

Numerical and experimental results show, for the first time, that a saturated travelling-wave laser amplifier (TWLA) can be used to amplify and limit the amplitudes of pulses from an actively mode-locked semiconductor laser while removing unwanted secondary pulses.<>     

Fourier analysis using spectral observers

New techniques for Fourier spectral analysis are reported, for which ongoing spectral estimates are generated in real time. The algorithms are recursive, expressable in state variable form, and involve real number computations. The ability of these spectral observers to perform one-step-per-sample updating is demonstrated with numerical examples.     

飞秒-纳秒脉冲激光烧蚀金属热效应分析

为了描述不同脉冲激光烧蚀金属表面作用过程,从双温模型出发,用有限元差分法对飞秒、皮秒和纳秒脉冲烧蚀金属表面的温度场进行了数值求解,将结果与不同的激光脉冲宽度内约化双温方程得到的解析解和简化方程进行了比较,并讨论了这些简化方程的适用范围和简化的合理性,还讨论了电子热流表达式与辐照激光光强的关系。计算结果表明,在不同脉冲宽度内的约化方程所得结果与双温模型数值求解符合得很好,证明了在飞秒领域,晶格温度可认为是常数,双温模型被简化为自由电子的温度变化方程;在皮秒激光领域,要用完整的双温方程描述;纳秒脉冲期间认为电子晶格温度相等,双温模型被简化为热传导方程。     

Picosecond laser pulses

The broad bandwidth and long storage lifetimes of Nd³⁺: glass and ruby lasers have made possible the generation of picosecond laser pulses having peak powers it excess of one gigawatt and repetition rates in the microwave range. The numerous application areas of these pulses include research in nonlinear optics, transient response of atomic and molecular systems, optically generated plasmas, spectroscopy, ranging, optical information processing, and high-speed photography. This paper reviews several experimental techniques for generating, measuring, and utilizing these ultrashort laser pulses.     

付里叶合成阿秒光脉冲的主要特征

在本文中，我们比较了基于付里叶合成谐波而得到的阿秒（1as=10^-18s)脉冲与锁模激光脉冲的异同点，并对as-脉冲的产生和测量作了相应的介绍。     

几种莫尔等高法的付里叶描述

本文用频谱分析的观点对叠加莫尔，付里叶变换莫尔，扫描莫尔及相移扫描莫尔的方法进行了分析，提出了这几种莫尔等高方法的付里叶描述，文中讨论了这几种方法在频域中的联系，从频域上看这些方法的本质特征是：使携带莫尔信息的基频移中而获得莫尔条纹。     

用干涉自相关包络宽度测量超短激光脉冲啁啾

为了测量超短激光脉冲啁啾值,提出了一种用2次干涉自相关包络宽度测量啁啾值的简单方法。利用2次干涉自相关包络宽度对啁啾有很高的灵敏度、含有不同啁啾量的超短激光脉冲有不同的包络宽度的特性,通过对高斯型强度分布的线性、平方及立方啁啾的干涉自相关包络函数进行了理论分析,得到包络宽度与啁啾量值之间的对应关系。采用干涉自相关2次谐波检测系统对加浓染料激光器输出的含有啁啾的脉冲进行测量,其干涉自相关包络宽度为1.15,被测超短激光脉冲啁啾为1.0。结果表明,根据含有啁啾的干涉自相关曲线两翼的特征,可判断啁啾阶数,再根据包络宽度与啁啾值的对应关系,可估定啁啾量值;用干涉自相关包络宽度能容易地测量超短激光脉冲的啁啾量值。     

脉冲激光微能量测量

叙述了用热释电晶体测量脉冲激光能量原理,研制了热释电激光微能量探测器。采用放大、同步触发门控电路、峰值保持器和数字显示等技术,抑制了电磁场和其它干扰,使探测器灵敏度较高,最小可探测70毫微焦耳脉冲激光能量。     

Coherence analysis of noise-like pulses generated by an erbium-doped fiber mode-locked laser

The noise-like pulses (NLPs) with tunable fraction of the pedestal height in the whole intensity autocorrelation (AC) trace are numerically demonstrated in the designed erbium-doped fiber (EDF) mode-locked laser, which contains the saturable absorber (SA) with nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR), sinusoidal-shaped or Gaussian-shaped filter, two segments of EDFs, and two pieces of single-mode fibers (SMFs) with normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion, respectively. The pedestal ratio of the intensity AC trace can be tuned by changing the gain saturation energies of EDFs. The results show that when the net cavity dispersion is 1.06 ps2, the tuning range of the pedestal ratio for the NLPs can reach its maximum values, which are 0.51—0.89 and 0.58—0.88 for the sinusoidal-shaped and Gaussian-shaped filters, respectively. In addition, an appropriate choice of filter bandwidth is also conducive to obtain a wide range of the tuning pedestal ratio for the intensity AC trace.     

Intracavity shaping of mode-locked laser pulses

A laser synthesizer of optical pulses is proposed. It is based on injection locking of numerous weakly coupled laser oscillators with a common resonator. A proper shaping of the susceptibility through shaping the pump beam reduces the dispersion of all orders due to the resonance transition and leads to generation of pulses close to the inverse bandwidth of the gain medium. A simple intracavity shaping mechanism allows synthesis of higher-order time supermodes directly from the laser. This technique could be applied to both active and passive mode-locked lasers with homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened transitions. The possibility of using a compound gain medium is also discussed     

Efficient compression of high-energy laser pulses

Limitations caused by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) for laser pulse compression in traditional fiber-grating compressors are discussed. It is shown that the scheme utilizing fibers of length L exceeding the length of the dispersion walk off L_{walk off} of pump pulses and SRS permits one to obtain high-contrast compressed pulses, their energy being no more than a few nJ, and the ultimate width being proportional to the square root of the initial pulse width. For the compression utilizing fibers of length L<L_{walk off}, the pulse energies are not limited, but the compression factor is limited to the value of 32, and the compressed pulses have a low-intensity wide pedestal. A theoretical model of high-energy pulse compression with simultaneous pedestal suppression by the polarization technique using nonlinear birefringence of the fiber is discussed. This technique is compared to the spectral windowing technique     

Cavity mode analysis using the Fourier transform method

A novel and economical computer iterative method for cavity mode calculations is developed. The method involves the formulation of the cavity field in the form of Fourier integrals and involves the use of the fast Fourier transform as a computation tool for obtaining numerical results.     

一种由强光担任摇摆器的新型自由电子激光器及其增益分析

提出了一种由超短脉冲双光束担任摇摆器的自由电子激光器的原理及设计方案,并在单电子近似的基础上给出了计算其增益的联立方程组,以用于数值模拟.指出了实现一种紧凑、廉价的可调谐光源的可能性.     

Subnanosecond laser pulses from a grazing incidence dye laser

Dye laser pulses with a duration of 160-350 ps and a spectral width of 0.06 nm were obtained by pumping a grazing incidence dye laser with aQ-switched Nd : YAG laser. The pulse shortening was due to a cavity transient effect which has also been observed in N2laser-pumped dye lasers.     

高功率飞秒脉冲光纤激光系统

基础科学研究和超精细工业加工领域的发展迫切需要高重复频率、高功率的飞秒脉冲激光。采用啁啾脉冲放大技术,以掺镱双包层光子晶体光纤作为增益介质,搭建了高平均功率飞秒脉冲光纤激光系统。系统包括被动锁模振荡器、脉冲展宽器、单模光纤预放大器、光子晶体光纤功率放大器和脉冲压缩器5部分。实验上获得了重复频率40 MHz、平均功率150 W、脉冲宽度273 fs的超短脉冲输出。整个系统置于3 m×1.5 m的光学平台上,通过模块化和集成化的改进,该系统体积有望大幅度减小,为科学研究和工业应用提供有力工具。     

Subnanosecond laser pulses for plasma production

A laser source suitable for plasma production is described. The technique involves the use of uncoated flats that act as mode selectors when inserted inside the laser cavity. Pulse widths of 15 to 30 and 60 to 70 ps were obtained with signal-to-noise ratios greater than 20 dB for 70 to 80 percent of the laser firings.     

Generation of high-power femtosecond pulses near 1.5 μm using acolor-center laser system

The authors have developed a high-power F-center laser system capable of generating femtosecond pulses with energies exceeding 50 pJ at wavelengths near 1.5 μm. Short pulses (140 fs) from an additive-pulse mode-locked NaCl laser are amplified in a multipass NaCl amplifier at kilohertz repetition rates. The system can generate peak powers approaching 500 MW, with wavelengths tunable from 1.52 to 1.64 μm. The amplified pulses are used to generate a continuum in various solid media without optical damage. The continuum generated in BaF₂ is extremely broad, extending from below 400 nm to 3.5 μm. Construction and operating details are discussed as well as the system's utility for femtosecond measurements in the infrared and high-power experiments     

CW autocorrelation measurements of picosecond laser pulses

Completely general and novel expressions are presented fornth-order fast or slow correlation functions, with or without background contributions, from which more specializednth- and second-order auto-correlation functions are derived. A straightforward method for obtaining CW autocorrelation measurements of picosecond pulses is then described which employs an audio loudspeaker driven at 30 Hz in one arm of the correlator to permit autocorrelation display at this frequency. Results of the application of this device to measurements of the picosecond pulses from a CW synchronously mode-locked Rhodamine 6G dye laser are presented.