倒锥形抗反射表面微结构的构筑

利用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) 技术在单晶硅表面转移岛状硬脂酸单层膜图案, 通过各向异性的湿法刻蚀构筑倒锥形表面微结构. 倒锥形结构的深度及表面抗反射性能主要与刻蚀的时间有关. 这种方法结合了自组装面积大和湿法刻蚀成本低的优点, 是一种廉价、高效的制备大面积抗反射微结构的方法, 在降低光学器件和太阳能电池的成本方面具有潜在应用价值.     

镍表面三维微图形的复制加工

运用约束刻蚀剂层技术(CELT)在金属镍(Ni)表面实现三维微图形加工,以规整的三维齿状微结构作模板,获得可有效CELT加工的化学刻蚀和捕捉体系,在Ni表面得到了与齿状结构互补的三维微结构并应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)表征刻蚀图案,证实CELT可用于金属表面Ni的三维微图形刻蚀加工．     

偶氮苯超分子聚合物有序多孔膜的制备与定向光调控

两亲性嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PS-b-P4VP)中,吡啶的氮原子能够与4'-碘-4-二甲氨基偶氮苯(IAzo)的碘原子以卤键结合,从而构筑超分子聚合物.通过静态呼吸图法制备了含偶氮苯的PS-b-P4VP超分子聚合物PS-b-P4VP(IAzo)x蜂窝状有序多孔膜,并详细研究了IAzo的含量及光照条件对孔尺寸和形貌的影响.通过红外光谱、扫描电镜等表征手段对PS-b-P4VP(IAzo)x的制备及成膜的表面和断面形貌进行了研究.结果表明,随IAzo含量的增加,超分子聚合物多孔膜的孔径逐渐增大.此外,由于偶氮苯的光致形变特性,在线性偏振光照射下,多孔膜的圆孔可以转变为矩形孔或菱形孔.增加偶氮苯含量,能够加快形变速度.提出了简单新颖的光响应超分子聚合物制备方法,并成功地实现了孔结构的光调控,为可控表面图案的设计和应用提供了新的解决思路.     

刚-柔嵌段共聚物在有序排列的微米圆盘表面自组装构筑多级结构

在材料表面构筑聚合物多级结构可以显著提升其性能并赋予新的性能,但是目前已有的制备方法较为繁琐,需要开发简单易行的新方法。结合聚苯乙烯(PS)的可控蒸发组装和聚(γ-苄基-L-谷氨酸酯)-聚乙二醇(PBLG-b-PEG)刚-柔嵌段共聚物溶液自组装方法,在硅片表面构建了梯度排列且表面具有纳米条纹的微米圆盘多级结构。采用光学显微镜、原子力显微镜(AFM)和接触角测量仪等对微结构形貌及硅片的表面润湿性进行了表征。PS溶液经可控蒸发自组装在硅片表面形成梯度变化的微米圆点图案,经热处理及溶剂清洗后,得到微米圆盘。通过溶液自组装方法,PBLG-b-PEG在PS微米圆盘表面形成有序排列的周期性纳米条纹。材料的接触角随着图案表面微结构从半球状圆点到表面平整的圆盘再到表面带有纳米条纹的圆盘的变化持续降低。     

热诱导金属/聚合物膜系图案化控制的研究

近年来 ,在简单体系上形成复杂规则的图案已引起诸多学者的注意 ,其中以聚合物为母体的体系发展了模板、局部紫外照射和激光诱导等一系列技术 ,从而得到可控的表面图案[1～ 6] .本文用激光刻蚀法对溅射在聚合物膜上的金属薄膜进行处理 ,在热诱导情况下使金属 /聚合物膜系表面产生了规则的图案 .薄膜热应力的可控释放作用和激光刻蚀造成的区域局限作用被认为是诱导这种可控图案产生的两种基本要素 .通过控制激光刻蚀区域 ,可控制薄膜表面形貌变化 ,从而实现可控的图案化设计 .1　实验部分1.1　原料及仪器　聚苯乙烯 (PS) :北京燕山石油化工…     

新型支化侧链偶氮聚电解质的合成与性能研究

通过后重氮偶合的方法合成了一种含支化侧链偶氮苯生色团的聚电解质 (PBANT AC) .用IR、NMR、DSC、UV和元素分析等手段对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征 .研究发现 ,在不同比例的水和四氢呋喃混合溶剂中PBANT AC的紫外 可见光光谱有很大的差别 .这种差别反映了PBANT AC分子中的偶氮苯生色团的不同聚集状态 .通过静电吸附逐层自组装的方法将PBANT AC分子组装成多层膜 .在 488nm的偏振Ar+ 激光的照射下 ,聚合物薄膜中的偶氮苯生色团可发生光致取向 ,取向有序度约 0 0 5 .偶氮苯生色团的顺反异构化反应使H 聚集体在光照后发生解聚集     

覆银聚酰亚胺纳米棒阵列的制备及其SERS特性

通过在聚酰亚胺(PI)膜表面进行氧等离子体刻蚀得到纳米棒阵列,并溅射Ag膜形成了覆银聚酰亚胺纳米棒阵列。利用该方法能够简单快捷地制备出具有较强活性且结构可调的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)衬底。通过改变氧等离子体刻蚀时间和溅射Ag膜厚度可以调节覆银PI纳米棒的间隙、密度和直径。通过对探针分子尼罗兰(NB)测试表征了覆银PI纳米棒衬底的SERS增强能力。通过改变氧等离子体刻蚀时间和Ag膜溅射厚度实现了衬底SERS增强能力的调节。在氧等离子体刻蚀时间为30 s和溅射Ag膜厚度为70 nm时,衬底的SERS增强能力达到最强,并且其拉曼信号展现出较好的一致性。     

重氮偶合反应合成超支化偶氮聚合物的光响应性能研究

利用重氮偶合反应和后重氮偶合反应制备了主链和端基含有不同假芪型偶氮苯生色团的超支化偶氮聚合物.利用氢核磁共振、紫外光谱、红外光谱等分析手段确定了合成聚合物的结构、玻璃化转变温度和光谱特性等.研究了聚合物光致二向色性的性能,此聚合物的取向有序度为0.063.用两束相干的P偏振Ar+激光对聚合物膜进行光加工,得到形状规则的正弦波形表面起伏光栅,末端偶氮苯基团的引入极大地增加了超支化偶氮聚合物的光响应速度.     

RAFT活性聚合法制备光响应型偶氮苯聚合物

以6-(4'-甲氧基-4-氧基偶氮苯)甲基丙烯酸乙酯(Azo MA)为单体,三硫代碳酸酯(DMP)为RAFT试剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用可逆加成-裂解链转移聚合法制备了偶氮苯聚合物(PAzo MA),其结构和性能经1H NMR,FT-IR,GPC和UV-Vis表征。结果表明:PAzo MA结构规整,分子量分布较窄(1.25),在光照下可发生构型反转。     

一种具有可逆光加工特性的偶氮聚电解质的合成与表征

合成一种具有可逆光加工特性的偶氮聚电解质(PAA-AZ),用核磁、热分析、紫外-可见光谱、接触角及GPC等手段对其进行了结构和性能表征.PAA-AZ的旋涂膜用线偏振Ar+激光照射一段时间,在原子力显微镜(AFM)下观测其表面,膜表面形成了规整有序纳米尺寸的三维表面图案表面起伏光栅(起伏深度为100nm).用氦氖激光检测了PAA-AZ旋涂膜一级衍射效率与光照时间的关系.     

Photo-induced Alignment Behavior of Azobenzene-containing Polymer Films with Different Cross-linking Degree

Three series of amorphous copolymers containing azobenzene groups with various substituents and certain amounts of crosslinkable acrylic groups were prepared. The cross-linked polymer films were obtained by thermal polymerization of the acrylic groups in the copolymers, during which, by controlling the time of cross-linking reaction, the films can be made with different cross-linking degree (from 0 to 32%, which was monitored by FT-IR spectra measurement). Photo-induced alignment process of the films was performed under irradiation with linearly polarized light at 442 nm, and the effect of cross-linking degree on the photo-induced alignment rate was investigated. The dynamics of the photo-induced alignment was analyzed with biexponential curve fitting. The photo-induced alignment rate and the maximum transmittance of the films decreased because of the cross-linking. Furthermore, for the cross-linked samples, it was found that their saturated value of transmittances keep constant after repeated "writing" and "erasing" cycles. The findings reveal that the cross-linking of the film can effectively restrain the phototactic mass transport of azopolymer during irradiation by polarized light. The relationship between the cross-linking degree and the photo-induced alignment behavior of azopolymer is discussed in detail.     

光响应性超疏水偶氮苯自组装多层膜的制备及性质研究

近年来,偶氮苯类化合物的光学顺反异构现象已引起人们的广泛关注[1~7].在紫外光照射下,偶氮苯由反式结构转变为顺式结构,引起分子的偶极矩发生变化,导致分子的吸收光谱、尺寸及表面能等均发生变化[7].偶氮苯表面能的改变可引起其表面浸润性发生变化.据文献[1~4]报道,偶氮苯膜在紫外光照射前后接触角最大改变了11°.浸润性是固体表面的一个重要特性,主要受固体表面的化学组成和微观几何结构(粗糙度)影响[8~11].通常,与水的接触角大于150°的表面称为超疏水表面;而与水的接触角小于5°的表面称为超亲水表面.本文以2-(4-偶氮苯基苯氧基)丙烯酸…     

Photoswitched Cell Adhesion on Azobenzene‐Containing Self‐Assembled Films

Stimuli‐responsive surfaces that can regulate and control cell adhesion have attracted much attention for their great potential in diverse biomedical applications. Unlike for pH‐ and temperature‐responsive surfaces, the process of photoswitching requires no additional input of chemicals or thermal energy. In this work, two different photoresponsive azobenzene films are synthesized by chemisorption and electrostatic layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly techniques. The LbL film exhibits a relatively loose packing of azobenzene chromophores compared with the chemisorbed film. The changes in trans/cis isomer ratio of the azobenzene moiety and the corresponding wettability of the LbL films are larger than those of the chemisorbed films under UV light irradiation. The tendency for cell adhesion on the LbL films decreases markedly after UV light irradiation, whereas adhesion on the chemisorbed films decreases only slightly, because the azobenzene chromophores stay densely packed. Interestingly, the tendency for cell adhesion can be considerably increased on rough substrates, the roughness being introduced by use of photolithography and inductively coupled plasma deep etching techniques. For the chemisorbed films on rough substrates, the amount of cells that adhere also changes slightly after UV light irradiation, whereas, the amount of cells that adhere to LbL films on rough substrates decreases significantly.     

Cellulose-based liquid crystalline photoresponsive films with tunable surface wettability

We report on a new type of liquid crystalline cellulosic films with light controllable reversible wettability. The films are prepared from a thermotropic cellulose derivative functionalized with azo-containing groups. These groups exhibit dynamic changes in interfacial properties in response to UV irradiation. The UV irradiation induces trans-to-cis isomerization in the azobenzene moiety, which causes a conformational change in the upper molecular layers of the thin films. These changes originate a hydrophobic to comparatively hydrophilic transformation of the surface. The reversible wettability of the surface results from the cis/trans photo and thermal isomerization. The UV-vis absorption spectra, as well as contact angle measurements with UV irradiation, clearly support the understanding of the phenomenon. This type of surface design enables the amplification of molecular level conformational transitions to macroscopic changes in interface properties using the means of isomerism. This opens new opportunities in surface engineering using eco-friendly cellulose manipulation.     

Photocontrolled manipulation of a microscale object: a rotational or translational mechanism

In this paper the photocontrolled manipulation of solid materials on the surface of a liquid crystalline thin film is described. Three different types of films namely cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC), compensated nematic liquid crystal (NLC) and nematic LC were used. The rotational and translational manipulation of the microscale solid object was induced by irradiation of light and mode of manipulation (either translational or rotational) was changed by changing the isomer of the azobenzene compound used to make the film. Rotational motion of the object was observed on the ChLC and compensated NLC films containing chirally pure azobenzene compound. The direction of rotational motion was controlled either by changing the optical isomer of the chiral azobenzene or by changing the irradiating light (from ultraviolet to visible). When racemic mixture of the chiral azobenzene compound was used, a translational motion of the object was observed. Even though the direction of the translational motion can be controlled by controlling irradiation position, more facile and precise manipulation of the objects was possible by spatially controlled irradiation of Ar(+) laser and diode UV laser.     

Photosensitive Azopolymer Brushes via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Protein Sensing

Novel photosensitive azopolymer brushes were synthesized via surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization using initiator self‐assembled on Au surface. The chemical structures of azobenzene derivatives were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The surface morphology of azopolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for different time was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the photoisomerization of azopolymer was measured by ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The results indicate that such azopolymers can undergo trans‐cis‐trans photoisomerization efficiently by photo‐irradiation with UV light. Furthermore, this photoisomerization property could also induce the reversible adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption on azopolymer brush surfaces. This adsorption kinetics of the reversible process can be measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy in situ. It suggests that the protein biochips could be regenerated safely by UV irradiation rather than by being rinsed with chemical reagents.     

Fabrication of Gold Nano‐Structures with Azopolymer Templates

Fabrication of gold nano‐patterns has been demonstrated employing surface relief structures created on films of an azobenzene‐functionalized polymer as templates. The surface relief templates were photoinscribed on the azopolymer films in one‐step with two laser beams. Thin layers of gold were over‐coated on the polymer templates by thermal evaporation. Gold lines of a few hundred nanometer width were successfully fabricated by pyrolyzing the azobenzene polymer. Sub‐micron gold dots were also created. The resulting gold structures exhibited the same periodicity as the polymer templates.     

纳米二氧化硅粒子对聚氯乙烯膜的表面结构及浸润性能的调控作用

报道了一种简便的调控聚合物材料表面结构及浸润性能的方法.利用流延成膜和纳米二氧化硅粒子的印迹修饰作用,制备出3种具有不同表面结构的聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜,膜的浸润性能表现为与水的接触角从103°的疏水性变为65°的亲水性,再改变至130°的疏水性.扫描电镜结果表明印迹修饰后的PVC膜具有纳米和微米尺寸的凹凸表面结构.通过对比实验证实了溶剂氯仿和NaOH溶液并不影响膜表面的疏水性能.     

Robust ion-permselective multilayer films prepared by photolysis of polyelectrolyte multilayers containing photo-cross-linkable and photolabile groups

The azobenzene-containing polyanion PAC-azoBNS was alternately assembled with the polycation diazoresin (DAR) to construct photo-cross-linkable multilayer films of PAC-azoBNS/DAR that contain photolabile groups of azobenzene. Upon mild UV irradiation, the interaction between PAC-azoBNS/DAR multilayers was converted from electrostatic interaction to covalent bonds. Because of the free carboxylic acid groups presented in the film, the photo-cross-linked multilayer film favors the selective permeation of positively charged species. After photolysis of the photo-cross-linked PAC-azoBNS/DAR films with intense UV irradiation, azobenzene groups decompose to produce imine groups, and a photo-cross-linked robust film containing free carboxylic acid and imine groups was fabricated. The resultant film allows the permeation of negatively charged species and meanwhile shows a pH-switchable permselectivity for positively charged species. Because of the covalently cross-linking structure, the photolyzed cross-linked PAC-azoBNS/DAR film shows high reversible switching behavior and has high stability in solution with high ionic strength.     

A Simple Method to Fabricate a Conductive Polymer Micropattern on an Organic Polymer Substrate

Summary: Under UV irradiation plus a photomask, a hydrophilic/hydrophobic hybrid polymer surface is created by sandwiching an ammonium persulfate solution between two polymer films. It is demonstrated that an effective conductive PANI micropattern can be fabricated on such a wettability patterned surface. For PET, a stable negative micropattern could be formed directly by the selective deposition of PANI onto the hydrophobic region. Alternatively, for PP or PI, direct deposition of PANI is non‐selective, however, the PANI layer remains preferentially on the hydrophilic region by peeling off the PANI layer on the hydrophobic region to form a positive micropattern.

Schematic illustration of the procedure used for the formation of a conducting polymer (PANI) micropattern on a wettability patterned polymer substrate.