EG/PP导热复合材料的制备与性能

采用可膨胀石墨与聚丙烯(PP)共混复合,制备膨胀石墨(EG)/PP复合材料,X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明可膨胀石墨在熔融挤出过程中膨胀剥离,而层间距几乎不变.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示可膨胀石墨经过膨胀和螺杆的剪切后,其形貌发生很大变化;随着可膨胀石墨含量的增大,复合材料的力学性能呈现出不同的变化趋势,而复合材料的导热系数逐渐增大,且试验值大于Hatta导热模型理论预测值.     

高导热聚四氟乙烯复合材料的研究

采用聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE)、石墨、碳纤维 (CF)制备出满足实际应用要求的高导热耐腐蚀复合材料。实验结果表明 :石墨和碳纤维在基体树脂中的合理分布能显著提高复合材料的导热性能和力学性能。当聚四氟乙烯和石墨的含量比为 70 / 3 0时 ,添加 3 %的碳纤维 ,其热导率为 1.2W / (m·K) ,拉伸强度达到 5 3 .9MPa。     

高导热系数聚丙烯复合材料的制备及研究

将氧化镁、氧化铝和石墨分别与聚丙烯熔融共混制备导热复合材料,考察了填料种类、基体黏度和增容改性对复合材料导热系数(λ)的影响。结果表明:增加填料含量能逐渐提高λ,且填料的λ直接决定了复合材料的λ;基体黏度越高,复合材料导热性能提高越显著;对氧化镁和氧化铝进行表面改性同时加入增容剂,可以明显减少填料的团聚,形成更多的有效网链,能有效提高复合材料的导热性能。探究了将氧化镁和氧化铝分别与石墨复配来制备高λ的复合材料,发现少量石墨与无机填料复配可以大幅提高复合材料的λ,当聚丙烯/增容剂/氧化镁/石墨质量比为30/10/50/10时,λ达到1.267 W/(m K),比不添加石墨时提高了50%;而对于氧化铝和石墨的复配体系,λ为0.622 W/(m K),相比于未添加石墨时增加了60%。     

某高导热纤维及其复合材料性能研究

研究了某高导热纤维/环氧树脂单向层复合材料的导热系数和力学性能,发现某高导热纤维/环氧树脂单向层复合材料导热性能提高的同时其个别复合材料性能降低;分析认为某高导热纤维与环氧树脂的界面性能是影响复合材料力学性能的重要因素,同时研究了某高导热纤维的表面微观形貌和表面化学特性、结晶度及某高导热纤维/环氧树脂浸胶丝束的力学性能...     

金属离子改性活性炭对二氯甲烷脱附活化能的影响

主要研究了金属离子改性活性炭对二氯甲烷脱附活化能的影响。通过浸渍法分别将6种不同金属离子负载在活性炭表面,采用ASAP 2010M测定该系列改性活性炭的孔径分布和比表面积,利用程序升温脱附技术测定了二氯甲烷在系列改性活性炭上的脱附活化能,应用软硬酸碱理论分析和讨论了活性炭表面负载不同金属离子对二氯甲烷脱附活化能的影响。结果表明,二氯甲烷在Al(Ⅲ)/SY-6AC、Li(Ⅰ)/SY-6AC、Mg(Ⅱ)/SY-6AC、Fe(Ⅲ)/SY-6AC和Ca(Ⅱ)/SY-6AC的脱附活化能高于其在原始活性炭上的脱附活化能,而它在 Ag(Ⅰ)/SY-6AC的脱附活化能低于在原始活性炭上的脱附活化能。根据软硬酸碱理论分类,二氯甲烷属硬碱,当活性炭表面分别负载了硬酸类金属离子Al³⁺、Li⁺、Mg²⁺、Fe³⁺和Ca²⁺,则增大了表面局部硬酸度,提高了对二氯甲烷的吸附能力; Ag⁺ 属软酸,当活性炭表面负载了Ag⁺,则降低了活性炭表面局部硬酸度,从而降低了对二氯甲烷的吸附能力。     

一种膨胀石墨基保温涂层材料的制备和性能研究

隔热保温涂料由于综合了保温材料的保温性能、涂料的施工简便及涂层的完整无缝性等特点,越来越受到人们的重视。本文制备出一种膨胀石墨基的保温涂料,探究膨胀石墨对保温涂料导热系数的影响。实验结果显示,保温涂料的导热系数随着膨胀石墨质量的增加而减小,扫描电镜的表征结果显示出所得涂层内部膨胀程度远大于涂层表面,从而有利于增强保温效果,且经过相关性能测试得出,所制备的涂料基本符合国家标准。     

高导热石墨砖的研制及其在炼铁高炉上的应用

从原料的选择、配方确定、生产工艺控制关键等方面对高导热石墨砖的研制开发过程进行了阐述。同时，结合大型高炉炉身、炉腹的破损机理、温度分布等特点，对应用在大型炼铁高炉上的高导热石墨砖特性和优点进行了说明，并与国外相关产品的理化性能进行了比较。指出所研制开发的高导热石墨砖完全可以替代国外同类产品，可以很好地用于大型高炉的砌筑和使用。     

高导热导电胶的制备与性能研究

采用一系列银粉制备了不同种类的导电胶。通过不同的配方来调配导电胶的黏度,并结合导电胶的相关性能,最终调试得到了A、B、C三种导电胶。对其黏度、热稳定性、固化性能、导电导热性和力学性能进行了研究。研究结果表明：三种导电胶的触变性均较好,热分解温度在390℃左右,耐温性较佳,固化温度都在220℃左右;三种导电胶的导热系数分别为27.31、31.93、29.23 W/（m·K）,远超企标要求[>2 W/（m·K）];制备的三种导电胶在高温时的拉伸剪切强度相比传统导电胶要高50%,可充分满足导电胶的高温使用条件。综上所述,三种导电胶的常规性能均能满足企业标准,性能稳定,可应用于对热导率要求较高的高精密半导体封装领域。     

活性炭纤维吸附甲苯废气的中试研究

介绍了活性炭纤维吸附甲苯废气试验的装置和流程,并记录了吸、脱附试验的数据。经该工艺处理后的甲苯废气可达标排放,并且运用热风反吹吸附后的装置可达到解吸目的。     

耐火纤维毡的高温导热系数研究

测定高温条件下高铝耐火纤维毡的导热系数并讨论其影响因素。     

热改性活性炭吸附有机气体的性能

根据热重分析结果,确定了活性炭热改性的温度条件;采用Boehm滴定、傅式转换红外光谱仪（FTIR）、比表面积分析仪对活性炭表面物化性质进行了测试;以甲苯、丙酮、二氯乙烷、甲醇为吸附质,在283K下进行了固定床吸附实验,探讨了改性前后活性炭表面结构变化与吸附量之间的关系,同时计算了相应的动力学参数和吸附能。实验结果表明,热改性可以改善活性炭的孔径分布和改变表面官能团的分布,吸附量与有效孔容呈明显的线性关系;一阶动力学方程和二阶动力学方程均可描述四种吸附质在活性炭上的吸附过程;孔内扩散模型表明改性活性炭对有机气体的吸附速率均大于未改性活性炭;四种吸附质在活性炭上的吸附能均小于20kJ?mol-1,表明活性炭对四种有机气体以物理吸附为主。     

相对湿度对甲醛在改性活性炭上吸附的影响

This work mainly involves the study of effect of relative humidity on adsorption of formaldehyde on the activated carbons modified with organosilane solution. Modification of activated carbons was carded out by impregnating activated carbon with organosilane/methanol-containing solutions. The breakthrough curves of formaldehyde in the packed beds of original and modified activated carbons were measured, respectively, at relative humidity of 30%, 60%, and 80%. Temperature-programmed desorption （TPD） experiments were used to estimate the activation energy for desorption of formaldehyde from the activated carbon. Results showed that the relative humidity had strongly influence on breakthrough curves of formaldehyde in the packed beds. The higher the relative humidity of gas mixtures through the packed beds was, the smaller the breakthrough time of formaldehyde became. The use of organosilane compounds to modify surfaces of the activated carbon can enhance the interaction between formaldehyde and the surfaces, and as a result, the breakthrough times of formaldehyde in the packed beds of the modified activated carbon were longer than that in the packed bed of the unmodified activated carbon.     

高导热绝缘材料的研究进展

主要介绍了高导热绝缘材料的应用以及导热填料对高导热绝缘材料性能的影响因素。重点介绍了填料种类、尺寸、表面处理和加入量对于导热绝缘高聚物性能的影响,并分析了高导热绝缘材料的未来研究方向。     

高导热苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂复合材料制备及导热性能

苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂为墨粉主要组分,其导热性能提升可显著提高墨粉导热性能,进而延长打印、复印机使用寿命。通过在苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂中添加碳纳米管、石墨烯高导热单一或复合填料,在苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂构建连通导热网络以提高其导热性能。当苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂中添加0.75wt%多壁碳纳米管时,其导热系数可提高至0.1644 W/(m?K),增幅为31.31%;添加1.0wt%羧基改性多壁碳纳米管时,苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂导热系数可提高至0.1751 W/(m?K),增幅为39.86%;在苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂添加多壁羧基改性碳纳米管和石墨烯混合填料时,苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂导热系数可提升至0.2093 W/(m?K),增幅达到67.17%。表明碳纳米管和石墨烯混合填料可在苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂中形成有效的导热网络,从而显著提高苯乙烯丙烯酸树脂导热性能。     

Thermal conductivity of high density polyethylene filled with graphite

The effect of the grade, the content, and the particle diameter on the thermal conductivity of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) filled with graphite were studied. The results show an increase of thermal conductivity of the HDPE/graphite composite with increase of graphite content. The thermal conductivity of the HDPE filled with the expanded graphite was larger than that of the HDPE filled with the colloid graphite system. At the same volume content (7%), the thermal conductivity of the former was twice that of the latter one. The particle diameter of the graphite also affected the thermal conductivity of HDPE composites. With increase of the particle diameter of the colloid graphite, the thermal conductivity of the HDPE/graphite increased. However, when the particle diameter of colloid graphite was larger than 15 μm, the increase of thermal conductivity of HDPE/graphite changed by inches. Some models proposed to predict thermal conductivity of a composite in a two‐phase system could not be applied to HDPE filled graphite powder composites, such as Maxwell‐Eucken, Cheng and Vachon, Zieblend, Lewis and Nielsen, Agari and Uno equations. But, according to the increase of thermal conductivity of HDPE composites filled with the colloid graphite, we find that Ziebland equation is suitable except of some constant. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3806–3810, 2006     

CO_2活化制备椰壳基活性炭

以600℃下炭化2h后的椰壳炭化料为原料,通过CO2活化制备椰壳基活性炭,研究了活化温度、活化时间、CO2流量对活性炭得率及其吸附性能的影响。同时测定了该活性炭的N2吸附等温线,通过非定域化密度函数理论表征活性炭孔径分布。在适宜的工艺条件,所制备活性炭的得率为24%,碘吸附值为1428mg/g,其比表面积、总孔容积、微孔容积分别可达:1653m2/g,1.045cm3/g,0.8582cm3/g,且以2nm以下的微孔为主,产品性能达到了双层电容器专用活性炭(LY/T1617—2004)标准。     

Effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate modifier and PP-g-MA on the morphology and thermal conductivity of PP/EG composites

This study investigates the influence of expanded graphite (EG) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) treated EG (SDBS/EG) on the structure, thermal stability and thermal conductivity of polypropylene (PP) and polypropylene/maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP/MAPP) blend. The dispersion of EG and SDBS/EG was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SDBS-EG showed a crushed and randomly deformed structure. There was an improved interfacial adhesion between the polymer and the SBDS-EG particles. The graphite dispersed much better with less restacking for PP/MAPP/SDBS/EG system. The better dispersion also contributed towards the improved compatibility between the PP or PP/MAPP and SBDS/EG. The SDBS functionalised EG composites showed better thermal stability than the non-functionalized SDBS composites. It was further shown that the functionalized graphite significantly improved the thermal conductivity of the PP and PP/MAPP. This is because the functionalized SDBS/EG seemed to improve the interfacial heat transfer between the conductive filler (EG) and PP matrix.     

二种估算苯酚在改性活性炭上脱附活化能模型

应用程序升温吸附(TPD)技术分别测定了苯酚在空白活性炭以及负载Fe3+,Ag+的活性炭上TPD曲线,并采用理想TPD模型和改进的TPD模型估算苯酚在这些吸附材料上的脱附活化能,讨论了吸附材料表面负载Fe3+,Ag+对苯酚脱附活化能的影响。结果表明:采用改进的TPD模型估算得到的脱附活化能要低于理想TPD模型估算得到的活化能4.9%—5.9%,这是由于理想TPD模型忽略了脱附过程中可能出现的吸附质被再吸附现象。苯酚从负载硬酸Fe3+活性炭表面上脱附活化能大于其从原始活性炭表面脱附的活化能,而它从负载属于软酸的Ag+的活性炭表面上脱附所需的活化能小于其从空白活性炭表面脱附的活化能。     

Nutshells as granular activated carbons: physical,chemical and adsorptive properties

Nutshells from seven different sources (pistachio, hazelnut, almond, black walnut, English walnut, macadamia nut, pecan) were converted to granular activated carbons (GACs) by carbon dioxide activation. A portion of the GACs were oxidized with compressed air and the physical (yield, surface area, attrition), chemical (pH, surface charge) and adsorptive (organics uptake, metal ion uptake) properties of both oxidized and non‐oxidized carbons were determined. Differences in uptake of organics, especially of polar compounds, were found between GACs made from almond shells, the group consisting of black walnut shells, English walnut shells and pecan shells, and macadamia nutshells. Oxidation had its greatest effects on pH, surface charge and uptake of metal ions. The changes due to oxidation were found to be independent of carbon source material. GACs with specific properties can be produced with judicious selection of carbon precursor and oxidative treatment. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry