废弃Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)带材制备非晶粉末及其应用的研究

Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶带材的废料问题成为制约带材成本的主要因素,本文以实际生产中的Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶带材作为原材料,利用机械球磨法成功制备出非晶粉末,并通过等离子喷涂技术在45#钢基体上获得的Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)涂层。结果表明:参数为350℃,2 h的退火工艺能提高机械球磨的效率,制备出的涂层具有较高强度硬度。     

Fe73.5 Cu1 Nb3 Si13.5 B9非晶合金的激光晶化

用CO2连续激光在不同功率、相同的速度条件下辐照Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶带，然后用穆斯堡尔谱详细研究材料的微观结构。研究发现当扫描速度和散文斑直径一定的情况下，适当选择激光功率，Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9可以实现微量晶化。     

基于Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶/纳米晶粉的压磁复合材料研究

研究了基于Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶/纳米晶粉的柔性压磁复合材料制备技术及其性能, 讨论了橡胶种类, 磁粉粒径、含量及工艺因素等对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9/橡胶复合材料压磁性能的影响. 结果表明: 采用粒径为45 μm, 用量约15%的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶/纳米晶粉与高温硫化有规共聚硅氧烷在171 ℃, 15 Mpa条件下, 硫化45 min制备的、厚度约150 μm的压磁复合材料薄膜具有较好的应力敏感特性和压磁稳定性能, 有望作为新一代柔性、薄型接触应力传感器的敏感元件材料.     

Fe_(80)B_(20)及Fe_(81)B_(13.5)Si_(3.5)C_2非晶合金的热稳定性

本文研究了金属玻璃2605SC(Fe_(81)B_(13.5)Si_(3.5)C_2)及2605(Fe_(80)B_(20))的差热分析与输运性能。由此可见,作为非晶铁磁材料,与2605相比下,2605SC更为稳定,2605SC的最终平衡相出现是Fe_2B与a-Fe,而2605的最终平衡相却是Fe_3B与a-Fe。2605SC分二步晶化,而2605则是一步晶化。由差热分析支持了上述结论即2605SC出现二个晶态峰,而2605仅出现一个主峰。由于B被Si与C部分置换从而使2605SC的晶化温度及激活能有所提高,从而增加了它的稳定性。2605SC具有较高的电阻率及较低的电阻率的温度系数也证明了2605SC较2605更为稳定。     

焦耳处理对Fe73．5CulNb3Sil3．5B9合金丝巨磁阻抗效应影响的研究

研究了焦耳处理对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶丝巨磁阻抗(GMI)效应的影响. 结果表明, Fe73.5Cu1Nb13.5Si3B9非晶丝的GMI效应对处理工艺很敏感, 淬态样品在340 Mpa拉应力下, 经53 A·mm-2的直流电流处理后, 其阻抗相对变化率达到68%, 灵敏度达0.86%/A·m-1. 优异的软磁性能和环型各向异性是获得巨磁阻抗效应的关键因素.     

CO2激光辐照工艺对非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3S13.5B9合金晶化的影响

在较低激光功率(40～170 W)和两种扫描速度(10mm/s,5mm/s)辐照条件下,研究了CO2激光辐照工艺对非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3S13.5B9合金晶化行为的影响.用穆斯堡尔谱(MS)技术对原始态和晶化后样品进行了结构分析.研究发现:非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3S13.5B9表面产生了少量晶化,晶化相为Fe-Si结构;晶化量在2.1%～3.57%内,随激光功率的增加而增加.当激光功率较低时,低扫描速度对晶化的促进作用大于激光功率的作用;但是,随激光功率增大,速度的影响变弱.表面微观硬度随激光功率的增加而增加.     

淬速对Nd_9Fe_(70)Ti_3C_1Nb_3B_(14)快淬薄带晶化相变和磁性能的影响

采用不同的淬速(辊速Vs=10,15,20,25,30 m·s-1)制备了Nd_9Fe_(70)Ti_3C_1Nb_3B_(14)合金快淬薄带,并研究了薄带的晶化相变及其退火后的磁性能随快淬速度提高而发生的变化。结果表明:在淬速15和20 m·s-1之间有一个临界淬速,在临界淬速以下制备的低淬速薄带由非晶和少量Nd_2Fe_(14)B,Fe3B和α-Fe纳米晶组成,而在临界淬速以上制备的高淬速薄带由完全非晶构成。随着淬速的提高,薄带中非晶的热稳定性逐步提高。低淬速薄带晶化过程的相变为AP+Nd_2Fe_(14)B+Fe_3B+α-Fe→Nd_2Fe_(14)B+Fe_3B+α-Fe+Nd_3Fe_(20)B_2→Nd_2Fe_(14)B+Fe_3B+α-Fe,而高淬速薄带晶化过程的相变为AP→AP'+Nd_3Fe_(20)B_2→Fe_3B+Nd_3Fe_(20)B_2→Nd_2Fe_(14)B+Fe_3B+α-Fe。优化退火后,尽管不同淬速薄带的剩磁差别不大,但低淬速薄带的最佳矫顽力和磁能积分别比高淬速薄带的高28.41%和20.12%。     

边界结构改性对烧结钕铁硼矫顽力的影响

对边界结构改性对磁体的显微组织结构和磁性能以及温度特性的影响进行了研究。设计了第一主相磁粉合金成分Nd_(24)Pr_6Co_(1.8)Fe_(61.1)Nb_(0.6)Al_(0.30)Cu_(0.2)B_(1.0),第二边界区结构合金成分Dy_(30)Fe_(68.2)Nb_(0.6)Al_(0.3)Cu_(0.2)B_(1.0),第三晶界相合金成分Nd_(40)Pr_(10)Fe_(47)Cu_(2.0)B_(1.0)。发现边界结构改性可以在基本不影响或者很小影响剩磁的前提下大幅度提高矫顽力。边界结构改性工艺主要是使重稀土元素Dy通过晶界扩散进入到Nd2Fe14B主相晶粒边界区而不是晶粒芯部,在Nd_2Fe_(14)B主相晶粒边界区形成具有高磁晶各向异性场的(Nd,Dy)_2Fe_(14)B壳层结构,从而达到大幅度提高矫顽力的目的。     

制备过程中FeSiB非晶带材自由面氧化对磁性能的影响

利用X射线衍射(XRD)及X射线光电子谱(XPS)对采用平面流铸法制备的Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶带材进行了分析,研究结果表明:当只有熔潭前端被CO保护时,所制备出的Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶带材自由面会出现厚约10 nm的Fe_2O_3氧化层;经XRD分析,Fe_2O_3氧化层的产生会使得带材自由面在2θ为66.1°处出现Fe(Si)固溶体晶化相,从而恶化带材磁性能。在非晶带材的制备过程中,采用CO气体对熔潭前端与后端同时进行保护,可有效避免非晶带材自由面的氧化,改善带材磁性能。     

等离子喷涂Fe-Co基非晶合金涂层的结构与电磁屏蔽性能

采用气雾化制备了Fe_(36)Co_(36)B_(20)Nb_4Si_4合金粉末,利用大气等离子喷涂在H62铜板和铝管表面制备了厚度约为0.2~0.3 mm的非晶合金涂层。结果表明:Fe_(36)Co_(36)B_(20)Nb_4Si_4合金涂层几乎为完全的非晶态结构,涂层硬度高达1 200 HV,喷涂有Fe_(36)Co_(36)B_(20)Nb_4Si_4涂层的样品对直流磁场和高频电磁场均具有良好的屏蔽性能,在800 A/m直流磁场下屏蔽效能为25 dB,在300 kHz~1.5 GHz频段屏蔽效能约为80 dB。     

Nanocrystallization of Amorphous Fe73. 5 Cu1 Nb3 Si13. 5 B9 Irradiated by Laser

The surface nanocrystallization of amorphous Fe73.5 Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 radiated by CO2 laser was studied by means of M（oe）ssbauer spectroscopy, transmission electro iroscope and X-ray diffraction. The result shows that under certain technical conditions, nanocrystalline is fiound on the surface of amorphous Fe73.5 Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 radiated by laser; the crystallization phase is α-Fe（Si） crystalline, and its size is about 10-20 nm; the nanocrystalline is uniformly distributed on amorphous base to keep the amorphous and crystallized phase in balance; the a mount of crystallization reaches 23% when the laser power is 300 W, the diameter of light spot is 20 mm, and the radiation speed is 20 mm/s. The phase balance can be controlled by adjusting the laser technology parameter. Laser radiation on the amorphous Fe73.5 Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy is an important technique for surface nanocrystallization of the amorphous alloys.     

Investigation on RQ Embrittlement Mechanism of FeCuNbSiB Soft Magnetic Alloy

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Structure of mechanically alloyed Ti-Al-Nb powders

Ti-Al-Nb ternary powder mixtures containing 24Al-11Nb, 25Al-25Nb, 37.5Al-12.5Nb, and 28.5Al-23.9Nb (at. pct) were mechanically alloyed in a SPEX 8000 mixer mill using a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 10:1. The structural evolution in these alloys was investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. A solid solution of Al and Nb in Ti was formed at an early stage of milling, followed by the B2/body-centered cubic (bec) and amorphous phases at longer milling times. The stability of these phases and their transformation to other phases have been investigated by heat treating these powders at different temperatures. The B2/bcc phase transformed into an orthorhombic (O-Ti₂AlNb) or a mixture of the orthorhombic (O) and hexagonal close-packed (α₂-Ti₃Al) phases, the proportion of phases being dependent on the powder composition. Milling beyond the amorphous phase formation resulted in the formation of an fee phase in all the powders, which appears to be TiN, formed as a result of contamination of the powder. Formerly Graduate Student, University of Idaho     

机械合金化制备Zr_(50)Al_(15)Ni_(10)Cu_(25)非晶合金粉末的非晶化机制

用Zr,Al,Ni和Cu的元素粉末,采用机械合金化的方法在转速为400 r/min、球料质量比20:1的条件下制备具有非晶结构的Zr50Al15 Ni10Cu25粉末,研究其非晶化机制。用X射线衍和扫描电镜分析粉末的结构、晶粒尺寸和形貌。结果表明:在球磨8 h后可使Zr50Al15 Ni10Cu25混合粉末非晶化,晶粒尺寸约80 nm;球磨过程中并没有出现任何过饱和固溶体或者中间合金相,非晶化过程是由于球磨过程中球磨罐和磨球对粉末的不断冲击、剪切、摩擦和挤压,使混合粉末中的晶粒极度细化而直接转变为非晶态颗粒,得到非晶粉末。     

Comparison of the Crystallization Behavior of Fe-Si-B-Cu and Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb-Based Amorphous Soft Magnetic Alloys

The role of the solute elements, copper, and niobium, on the different stages of de-vitrification or crystallization of two amorphous soft magnetic alloys, Fe_73.5Si_13.5B₉Nb₃Cu₁, also referred to as FINEMET, and a Fe_76.5Si_13.5B₉Cu₁ alloy, a model composition without Nb, has been investigated in detail by coupling atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of copper clustering and niobium pile-up at the propagating interface between the α-Fe₃Si nanocrystals and the amorphous matrix, on the nucleation and growth kinetics have been addressed. The results demonstrate that while Cu clustering takes place in both alloys in the early stages, the added presence of Nb in FINEMET severely restricts the diffusivity of solute elements such as Cu, Si, and B. Therefore, the kinetics of solute partitioning and mobility of the nanocrystal/amorphous matrix interface is substantially slower in FINEMET as compared to the Fe_76.5Si_13.5B₉Cu₁ alloy. Consequently, the presence of Nb limits the growth rate of the α-Fe₃Si nanocrystals in FINEMET and results in the activation of a larger no. of nucleation sites, leading to a substantially more refined microstructure as compared to the Fe_76.5Si_13.5B₉Cu₁ alloy.     

机械合金化制备Fe-Co系非晶合金

在高纯氩气保护下采用高能球磨法对原子组成为Fe44Co44Zr3.5Nb3.5B4Cu1的混合粉末进行机械合金化(MA)实验,成功地制取了非晶合金粉末.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差热分析(DTA)对其进行测试,结果表明:Fe-Co系的混合粉末在MA过程中,通过原子之间的相互固溶、扩散可形成非晶态.此非晶合金的形成是晶粒细化、球磨过程中的缺陷、应力和致密堆垛结构等多种因素综合作用的结果,这与机械合金化的合成机理之一的扩散型机制相吻合.用非晶化的热力学条件判据和动力学条件判据对此合金进行计算,其结果也表明此合金已非晶化.     

Thermal Expansion Behavior of Amorphous Fe-Si-B Alloys

 To study the thermal expansion of amorphous Fe Si B alloys, the amorphous Fe78Si9B13 and Fe735Nb3 Cu1Si135B9 and their crystallized alloys were detected using thermal dilatometer. The results indicate that at the same temperature, the relative length change (ΔL/L0) values of the two Fe based amorphous alloys decrease with increasing heating rate, but those of their crystallized alloys show an opposite trend. It is concluded that the effect of heating rate on the ΔL/L0 of amorphous and crystallized alloys is related to free volume and defects, respectively.     

Structural evolution in mechanically alloyed Al-Fe powders

The structural evolution in mechanically alloyed binary aluminum-iron powder mixtures containing 1, 4, 7.3, 10.7, and 25 at. pct Fe was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopic techniques. The constitution (number and identity of phases present), microstructure (crystal size, particle size), and transformation behavior of the powders on annealing were studied. The solid solubility of Fe in Al has been extended up to at least 4.5 at. pct, which is close to that observed using rapid solidification (RS) (4.4 at. pct), compared with the equilibrium value of 0.025 at. pct Fe at room temperature. Nanometer-sized grains were observed in as-milled crystalline powders in all compositions. Increasing the ball-to-powder weight ratio (BPR) resulted in a faster rate of decrease of crystal size. A fully amorphous phase was obtained in the Al-25 at. pct Fe composition, and a mixed amorphous phase plus solid solution of Fe in Al was developed in the Al-10.7 at. pct Fe alloy, agreeing well with the predictions made using the semiempirical Miedema model. Heat treatment of the mechanically alloyed powders containing the supersaturated solid solution or the amorphous phase resulted in the formation of the Al₃Fe intermetallic in all but the Al-25 at. pct Fe powders. In the Al-25 at. pct Fe powder, formation of nanocrystalline Al₅Fe₂ was observed directly by milling. Electron microscope studies of the shock-consolidated mechanically alloyed Al-10.7 and 25 at. pct Fe powders indicated that nanometer-sized grains were retained after compaction.     

The microstructure evolution of a Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 nanocrystalline soft magnetic material

The microstructure evolution in the course of crystallization of a splat-quenched Fe_73,5Si_13.5B₉Nb₃Cu₁ amorphous alloy was investigated by atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). All the alloying elements were found to be distributed homogeneously as an amorphous solid solution in the as-quenched state. At an initial stage of annealing, a concentration fluctuation of Cu was found to occur. Cu formed clusters of a few nanometer diameter and their composition was found to be approximately 30 at.% Cu at the beginning. In the later stage, a b.c.c. FeSi solid solution and the B and Nb enriched amorphous phase with the smaller Si content were found to coexist. In addition to these two phases, Cu enriched particles containing approximately 60 at.% Cu were found to be present in the intergranular regions, although we were not successful yet to determine whether this was a crystalline or amorphous phase. Based on these observations, we discuss the crystallization process of this alloy at 550°C which leads to the emergence of excellent soft magnetic properties.