在快速康复外科理念指导下的腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术

目的观察在快速康复外科(fast track surgery,FTS)理念指导下行腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的安全性与有效性。方法将择期行结直肠癌手术106例随机分成3组:常规开腹对照组(Ⅰ组,35例),应用传统围手术期处理行剖腹手术;快速康复开腹组(Ⅱ组,35例),应用FTS理念行剖腹手术;快速康复腔镜组(Ⅲ组,36例),应用FTS理念行腹腔镜手术。分析研究3组病人手术时间、出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、术后肠道通气时间、术后住院天数和住院费用等指标,并观察记录不良反应及并发症。结果Ⅲ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,病人术中出血量明显减少,切口长度明显减短,但手术时间有所延长,以上各项差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组相比,病人术后肠功能恢复时间明显提前,术后住院天数明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Ⅲ组与Ⅱ组病人肠功能恢复时间和术后住院天数差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在FTS理念指导下应用腹腔镜结直肠手术,可缩短住院时间,加快肠功能的恢复;与FTS理念下剖腹手术相比,具有出血量少、切口小的优势,但手术时间延长、治疗费用增加。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者快通道康复的近期价值

目的:探讨快通道外科技术在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术中的应用价值。方法:2008年1月至2008年6月我院为52例腹腔镜结直肠癌患者行快速康复,并与同期68例开腹手术进行对比研究,统计其围手术期处理、并发症发生率及经济学指标。结果:腹腔镜组(快通道组)出血量少于开腹组(传统方法组)(P0.05)。两组切口感染、肺部感染、尿路感染、术后腹痛差异有统计学意义(P0.05),快通道组术后通气时间及术后自理恢复时间明显短于传统方法组。二者住院费用差异无统计学意义。结论:快通道技术用于腹腔镜结直肠癌手术安全,有利于促进患者早期康复,在临床结直肠癌腹腔镜手术中具有广阔的应用前景。     

腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌安全性的临床研究

目的:探讨分析腹腔镜根治大肠恶性肿瘤的安全性。方法:以2001年9月～2002年9月期间的腹腔镜与传统手术病例作非随机同期对照,比较两组根治标本的肠段长度、肿瘤大小、淋巴结清扫数目,术前与术后腹腔冲洗液中肿瘤细胞阳性率,术后随访所见的局部复发率和远处转移率等。结果:两组在肿瘤大小、手术部位、手术方式等方面无差异,在术前、术后及手术器械冲洗液脱落肿瘤细胞比较上无差异。淋巴结清扫总数在腹腔镜组为(13.71±9.29)枚,开腹组为(12.10±9.74)枚;结肠标本长度两组分别为(19.38±7.47)cm和(18.60±8.40)cm,直肠肿瘤距下切端的距离分别为(4.19±2.52)cm和(4.16±2.00)cm;术后随访中局部复发率分别为2.13%(1/47)和1.77%(2/113),远处转移率为6.38%(3/47)和6.19%(7/113)。结论:腹腔镜手术在根治大肠恶性肿瘤中有与传统手术同样的安全性。     

加速康复外科理念指导116例结直肠癌手术

目的 探讨加速康复外科作为常规应用于结直肠手术的安全性与有效性.方法 回顾性总结分析南京军区南京总医院自2006年6月至2008年5月收治的116例在加速康复外科围手术期处理原则（包括术前不长时间禁食、不行机械性肠道准备、术前口服碳水化合物行代谢准备、不放置鼻胃管、不常规腹腔引流、术后早期进食和早期下床活动）指导下进行的结直肠手术患者的临床资料.结果 全组患者术后住院1～54（5.6±5.4）d,14例患者（12.1%）出现并发症,其中吻合口瘘与切口感染的发生率分别为1.7%和2.6%,30 d再住院率1.7%.30 d死亡1例（0.9%）.结论 加速康复外科作为常规应用于结直肠手术既有利于患者的康复,又可以减少住院时间,安全有效.     

结直肠癌的微创治疗:从腹腔镜手术到微创外科理念

<正>结直肠癌的微创治疗是指通过微创途径切除结直肠癌,达到根治效果。自20世纪90年代开始,经过二十多年的迅速发展,以腹腔镜-内镜外科为代表的微创外科技术已在结直肠癌的治疗中充分展现出微创优势,并逐渐发展成熟。这不仅是微创外科的一场技术革命,而且是日益深入人心的微创外科     

加速康复外科联合腹腔镜应用于结直肠癌手术的临床研究

目的 探讨加速康复外科（fast track surgery,FTS）联合腹腔镜技术作为常规应用于结直肠手术的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析我院自2004年6月至2010年10月期间由同一手术组完成的结直肠癌手术病例：传统围手术期处理的对照开腹手术108例（Ⅰ组）,FTS理念指导下的开腹手术158例（Ⅱ组）,FTS理念指导下腹腔镜辅助结直肠手术137例（Ⅲ组）,比较三组患者各项临床指标.结果 Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组相比,术中出血量明显降低、切口长度减少、术后下床时间缩短,但手术时间延长、住院费用增加,以上各项差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组相比,术后通气时间、术后住院天数明显缩短,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,但Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组之间并无差异;三组之间淋巴结清扫数目、术后并发症均差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 FTS理念指导下无论开腹手术或腹腔镜手术,均可以加快肠功能的恢复、缩短住院时间,与FTS理念指导下的开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术还具有出血少、切口小、术后下床活动提前等优势,且不增加手术并发症.     

腹腔镜下结直肠癌手术

随着微创外科的迅速发展，腹腔镜手术也被尝试用来治疗结、直肠癌疾病。这种新型的手术方法在国内正在开展。本文通过回顾近年的相关文献，侧重于随机对照试验及一些大宗报告的数据分析，对腹腔镜结直肠癌手术中转开腹率、肿瘤学治疗效果、并发症、生存率等作出简要评价。腹腔镜手术具有切口小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点，肿瘤治疗短期疗效与开腹手术相比无明显差别，但是长期疗效的评价尚缺乏大宗随机对照试验结果。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的临床研究现状

腹腔镜结直肠手术已在国内外广泛开展,成为腹腔镜消化道外科中最成熟的手术方式。随着腹腔镜结直肠手术技术水平的逐步提高和手术规范的日益完善,治疗结直肠癌的种种疑问也在逐渐消除,这种微创技术可能成为治疗良、恶性结直肠疾病的首选术式乃至"金标准"。     

腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌

结直肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率呈逐年上升趋势.腹腔镜手术创伤小、并发症少.1993年欧美国家已开始应用腹腔镜辅助进行结直肠癌根治术.本研究回顾性分析2005年6月至2009年1月我科448例采用腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌患者的临床资料,探讨手术疗效.     

腹腔镜下手术治疗老年结直肠癌21例临床体会

自1990年Jacobs等在美国完成第一例腹腔镜右半结肠切除术后,短短数年内所有类型的结直肠手术均在腹腔镜下得以成功施行。结直肠癌在中老年人群中呈现常见、多发的特点,由于老年人多伴有其他基础疾病,使得手术及治疗风险明显加大。     

Value of laparoscopic surgery in elective colorectal surgery with "fast-track"-rehabilitation

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic (LAP) versus open (CON) colonic resection with traditional perioperative care has some short term benefits postoperatively regarding functional recovery. Whether these benefits may also occur when all patients are treated with multimodal "fast-track"-rehabilitation programs is questionable. METHODS: Patients undergoing elective left sided colonic surgery were prospectively non randomised observed. The "fast-track" program included patient information, thoracic peridural analgesia, forced mobilisation and oral intake, and stress reduction. Endpoints were duration of postoperative ileus and hospital stay, general- and local complication, and pulmonary function. RESULTS: 147 consecutive patients were operated on, 47 open and 100 laparoscopically. The time until oral intake was completed seemed to be shorter in the LAP-group (p=0.07) followed by a shorter hospital stay (p<0.01). The pulmonary function was postoperatively improved in the LAP-group compared to the CON-group (p<0,01). General complications (LAP 9% vs. CON 17%) were non significantly increased in the CON-group. Local complications increased in the CON-group (LAP 13% vs. CON 28%, p<0,05). CONCLUSION: Even with perioperative "fast-track"-rehabilitation programs short term advantages were found in laparoscopic compared with open colonic surgery in a non randomised population. The clinical relevance should be examined in controlled randomised trials.     

腹腔镜辅助手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人的临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人的临床效果以及相关机制。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2012年2月至2015年8月诊治的高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人120例,根据随机抽签原则分为观察组与对照组各60例,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗,对照组采用开腹手术治疗,记录两组预后情况。结果所有病人均顺利完成手术,观察组无中转开腹情况,不过观察组的术中出血量、肠蠕动恢复时间及术后住院时间均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组手术时间对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术后1个月的肺部感染、吻合口瘘、切口感染、肠梗阻等并发症发生率为6.7%,对照组为23.3%,观察组明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组与对照组术前CD133阳性表达率分别为85.0%和81.7%,术后1个月的阳性表达率分别为6.7%和20.0%,观察组术后1个月的CD133阳性表达率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后1个月的血清白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-10含量均明显少于术前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),同时术后1个月观察组的血清IL-6和IL-10含量也均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌能减轻炎症反应,抑制CD133分子的表达,具有更好的微创性,能减少术后并发症的发生,从而促进病人康复。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者围手术期应用快速康复外科的系统评价

目的系统评价腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者应用快速康复外科（FTs）的安全性和有效性。方法计算机检索2000年1月至2012年3月CNKI、万方、Pubmed、EMBACE、CochraneLibrary数据库关于腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术围手术期应用FTS的随机对照试验（RCT）或临床对照试验（CCT）。采用RevMan5．1软件进行Meta分析。结果6项RCT和7项CCT研究纳入研究．共1795例患者,其中FTS组955例,对照组840例。与对照组相比．FTS组患者术后排气更快（WMD=-1．37,95％CI：-1．55～-1．19,P〈0．05）,术后进食更早（WMD=-2．62,95％CI：-2．69～-2．55,P〈0．05）,术后住院时间缩短（WMD=-1．63,95％CI：-1．92～-1．34,P〈0．05）,术后并发症发生率降低（OR=0．52,95％CI：0．41～0．67,P〈O．05）;但两组术后再入院率的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论FTS理念应用于腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术,可有效促进术后肠功能恢复,减少并发症的发生,缩短住院时间。     

结直肠癌患者围手术期快速康复外科新理念治疗的效果观察

目的:观察结、直肠癌患者围手术期应用快速康复外科(FTS)新理念治疗的临床效果.方法:选取91例结、直肠癌手术患者,随机分为快速康复组(FTS组)48例和常规治疗对照组(对照组)43例.FTS组采用FTS新理念进行围手术期处理,包括术前心理辅导、口服肠内营养粉及导泻药物导泻,术中控制输液量、采用小手术切口,术后用非甾体...     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

目的评价老年患者在腹腔镜结直肠手术中的安全性。方法2007年8月至12月,对25例行腹腔镜结直肠手术的乙状结肠和直肠肿瘤患者按年龄分成老年组（大于或等于70岁,10例）和对照组（小于70岁,15例）,在手术的不同时间段监测其循环功能、酸碱平衡、脏器灌注等指标并进行对比分析。结果老年组患者除ASA分级明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）外,两组在性别、身高、体质量、疾病分类、手术方式、手术时间、术中出血和术后并发症方面差异无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。动脉血气分析指标显示,手术中碳酸氢根（HCO3）值和二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）值较术前明显上升（P〈0.05）,pH值较术前明显下降（P〈0.05）,随着手术时间延长上述各项指标的变化进一步明显;术后各项指标有不同程度恢复。电解质指标术中钾和钙较术前下降明显（P〈0.05）;循环指标的中心静脉压（CVP）在扩容后及手术开始后明显升高,术后迅速下降（P〈0.05）;平均动脉压（MAP）在扩容时和麻醉后初期变化比较显著（P〈0.05）,心率（HR）、心指数（CI）和每搏输出指数（SI）总体比较平稳;脏器灌注指标中胃黏膜pH值（pHi）术后逐渐下降一直延续到术后（P〈0.05）;胃黏膜CO2分压（PgCO2）术后明显上升。除了老年组CVP在术中5min时明显高于对照组、MAP值在术后15min时明显低于对照组外,两组间各项指标比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但指标的绝对值老年组变化幅度更大,术后恢复则相对较慢。结论70岁以上患者腹腔镜结直肠手术时,CO2气腹及头低体位会产生代谢性酸中毒、心脏负担加重及脏器灌注减少等现象,代偿能力较差,但通过合理的麻醉管理。可以将不利影响控制在安全范围内。     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.