聚氯乙烯薄膜及其胶带中增塑剂迁移的研究

用全反射红外技术对聚氯乙烯薄膜及其胶带进行了增塑剂迁移性能研究,增塑剂迁移经一定时间后达到平衡,测出聚氯乙烯薄膜中增塑剂迁移的扩散系数约为０．１ｎｍ＾２／ｍｉｎ,实验证明：影响其增塑剂迁移性能的因素是催化剂的类型,用量及胶粘剂的种类。     

低气味性低温塑化型聚氯乙烯抗石击涂料的制备与性能研究

制备了一种低气味、低温塑化型聚氯乙烯抗石击涂料,主要探讨了增塑剂、糊树脂,附着力促进剂对试样气味、弯曲性、附着力等性能的影响。实验结果表明：采用对苯二甲酸二异壬酯与烷基磺酸酯作为混合增塑剂,能够降低气味的同时满足低温塑化后的柔韧性要求;维尼泰 370HD糊树脂具有较好的黏度稳定性,并且作为主树脂改善涂料的流淌性;采用阿科玛 PA1384共聚树脂作为辅助糊树脂,喷涂扇幅受影响较小,可提高低温塑化后的涂层拉伸强度;采用 N382附着力促进剂不仅涂料气味较低,而且低温塑化后附着力较好。     

聚氯乙烯薄膜及其胶带中增塑剂迁移的研究

用全反射红外技术对聚氯乙烯薄膜及其胶带进行了增塑剂迁移性能研究。增塑剂迁移经一定时间后达到平衡,测出聚氯乙烯薄膜中增塑剂迁移的扩散系数约为０１ｎｍ２／ｍｉｎ。实验证明：影响其增塑剂迁移性能的因素是催化剂的类型、用量及胶粘剂的种类。     

聚氯乙烯胶带增塑剂迁移的研究

用全反射红外技术对聚乙烯薄膜及其胶带进行了增塑剂迁移性能的研究。增塑剂的迁移经一定时间后达到平稳。对聚乙烯薄膜来说,增塑剂迁移的扩散系数约为１×１０－７ｍｍ２／ｍｉｎ而对不同配方的聚氯乙烯胶带,影响增塑剂迁移性能的因素是催化剂的类型及用量,及胶粘剂的类型。     

聚氯乙烯糊树脂生产投料量的影响因素

分析了微悬浮法聚氯乙烯糊树脂预混槽投料量的影响因素,并确定了主要因素,采取了相应措施,预混槽投料量增加到19釜次/天,提高了设备利用率和糊树脂产量。     

PVC塑料制品中增塑剂PAEs在水环境中迁移规律的研究

本文应用固相萃、取液相色谱联用技术,研究了PVC塑料制品中有机增塑剂在水环境中的迁移规律。研究表明在PVC塑料制品中的增塑剂会在水环境中缓慢释放,并且受pH、温度等影响较大。     

塑料水杯中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂迁移量的测定

采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC/MS)测定了一次性塑料水杯浸出液中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)增塑剂的迁移量。结果表明:本方法在0.5~8.0μg/ml线性范围内,16种PAEs增塑剂均成良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.997。精密度(n=6)为0.2%~1.4%,平均回收率为86%~102%,检出限(3S/N)为0.02~0.05μg/ml。浸出液中主要检出了DEP、DIBP、DBP、DCHP和DEHP,且其含量与温度呈正相关。     

聚氯乙烯胶带增塑剂迁移的研究

用全反射红外技术对聚氯乙烯薄膜及其胶带进行了增塑剂迁移性能的研究。增塑剂的迁移经一定时间后达到平衡。对聚氯乙烯薄膜来说,增塑剂迁移的扩散系数约为1×10~(-7)mm~2/min.而对不同配方的聚氯乙烯胶带,影响增塑剂迁移性能的因素是催化剂的类型及用量,及胶粘剂的类型。     

纳迪克酸酐聚酯PVC增塑剂的制备及其性能研究

以纳迪克酸酐(NA)、甲基丙二醇(MPO)为原料、2-乙基己醇为封端剂、环己烷为带水剂、钛酸四正丁酯为催化剂的条件下,经过缩聚、减压蒸馏制备增塑剂聚纳迪克酸甲基丙二醇酯(P-MPO-NA)。通过对醇酸物质的量比、反应时间、封端剂及催化剂用量的考察,得到反应的最佳工艺条件为:纳迪克酸酐、甲基丙二醇、2-乙基己醇物质的量比为1.0 1∶.20 0∶.60,催化剂质量分数为0.15%,反应时间7 h,酯化率达到99.60%。通过红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)等对P-MPO-NA的结构和热稳定性进行了表征。将其与邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DOP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)分别加入到聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂中,进行耐抽出、耐迁移、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和热稳定性能对比研究。结果表明:该聚酯增塑剂较DOP、DBP、TBC有更好的耐迁移、耐抽出性,并且韧性好,同时提高了PVC的热稳定性。     

悬浮法高聚合度PVC的制备及特性研究

针对以电石为原料用微悬浮法生产糊用聚氯乙烯树脂,讨论了高聚合度PVC树脂的制备要点、树脂质量和特性.表明以低温法或扩链剂法制备高聚合度树脂,工艺简便、质量稳定.     

环保聚氯乙烯增塑糊凝胶性能的研究

采用转矩流变仪和旋转黏度计研究了PVC树脂种类、增塑剂种类、掺混树脂加入量对环保PVC增塑糊凝胶性能的影响规律。结果表明,PVC糊树脂聚合度越大,增塑糊的凝胶化时间越长;颗粒呈规则圆状树脂配制的增塑糊,其凝胶时间相对较长;颗粒呈扁片状的树脂配制的增塑糊,其凝胶时间相对较短。增塑剂与PVC糊树脂相容性越差,增塑糊的凝胶时间越长。随掺混树脂添加量的增多,凝胶时间逐渐延长,当其加入量为40 份（质量份,下同）时,凝胶时间从空白时的18 min延长至28 min。     

PVC中增塑剂迁移和抽出问题

讨论了聚氯乙烯（PVC）中增塑剂抽出和迁移的危害性和基本原理,重点介绍了影响增塑剂抽出和迁移的主要因素,如：增塑剂相对分子质量和分子结构、环境温度、增塑剂含量、介质和时间。归纳总结了各种能有效抑制PVC中增塑剂抽出及迁移问题的解决办法及研究成果,主要为添加聚酯增塑剂、添加纳米粒子、使用离子液体、表面改性、表面交联、表面喷涂防护涂层等。     

抑制PVC制品中小分子增塑剂迁移的研究

采用气-固相氯化法和氯化原位接枝法对小分子增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)进行了改性,得到的产物分别与PVC共混,并对其失重率、沸点、力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:氯含量为30%左右的氯化DOP,从PVC制品表面迁移出来的几率最小;DOP氯化原位接枝丙烯酸丁酯(BA)后作为PVC的增塑剂,当BA含量在1～10份时材料的失重较少,而BA含量在10份时材料的强度及韧性最好。     

Absorption and migration of bio‐based epoxidized soybean oil and its mixtures with tri(2‐ethylhexyl) trimellitate in poly(vinylchloride)

The efficacy of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), tri(2‐ethylhexyl) trimellitate, and mixtures thereof as plasticizers for poly(vinylchloride) has been studied. At 80°C, the trimellitate was slower to absorb in this polymer than ESO and was also less soluble, but the former exhibited higher solubility at 120°C. Plasticization efficiencies of stabilized polymeric compositions were similar with ESO and the trimellitate (despite their very different molecular weights). The trimellitate yielded greater mass loss during heat aging of the plasticized compositions, but substituting even minor amounts of it with ESO decreased mass loss synergistically. The trimellitate also resulted in more of an increase in hardness than ESO over time at elevated temperatures, but when aged at 120°C, mixtures of the two surprisingly had more deleterious effects. Thus, although ESO can replace part or all of trimellitates in plasticized PVC, using it as sole plasticizer would be preferable when heat aging performance is a requirement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41966.     

环氧油酸多元醇酯的制备与塑化PVC性能研究

使用季戊四醇和油酸通过酯化反应和环氧化反应制备了环保增塑剂环氧油酸多元醇酯。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和核磁共振仪对制备的产品进行了表征。结果显示得到了预期增塑剂产品。将其作为主增塑剂与聚氯乙烯热塑共混,研究了塑化聚氯乙烯的最低共混扭矩、热性能、力学性能,对该增塑剂在不同介质中的耐迁移性进行了研究,并与邻苯类增塑剂和环氧大豆油的塑化性能进行了对比。研究发现,作为主增塑剂,环氧油酸多元醇酯增塑的聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混体系的热降解温度达到了281.5℃,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为22.12 MPa和332.12%,在蒸馏水、乙酸溶液、乙醇溶液、石油醚和橄榄油中的迁移量明显低于邻苯二甲酸酯和环氧大豆油增塑的PVC共混体系。     

Preparation and application of triglyceride plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride)

A series of triglyceride plasticizers were prepared from glycerol, acetic acid, and benzoic acid through a two‐step reaction to develop potential uses of glycerol. The optimum reaction conditions were determined by the esterification of glycerol and acetic acid to produce glyceryl triacetate. When the molar ratio of glycerol to benzoic acid to acetic acid was 1:1:3.5, a novel plasticizer triglyceride mixture (GTM) was successfully synthesized; it had a good plasticizing effect on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The elongation at break of PVC composites containing 80 phr GTM increased around 350%; the corresponding hardness (Shore D) and tensile strength decreased to around 35 D and 20 MPa, respectively. Moreover, the glass‐transition temperature (T_g) of PVC composites containing 40 phr GTM decreased to around 50°C. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Dialkyl furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylates,epoxidized fatty acid esters and their mixtures as bio‐based plasticizers for poly(VInylchloride)

Dialkyl furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylates and epoxidized fatty acid esters (EFAE) of varying molecular weights and volatilities, as well as their mixtures, were investigated as alternative plasticizers for poly(vinylchloride) (PVC). The EFAE utilized were epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and epoxidized fatty acid methyl ester (e‐FAME). All plasticizers were compatible with PVC, with plasticization efficiencies usually increasing with decreasing molecular weights of the plasticizers (except in the case of ESO, which was remarkably effective at plasticizing PVC, in spite of its relatively high molecular weight). In comparison with phthalate and trimellitate plasticizers, the alternatives generally yielded improved balance of flexibility and retention of mechanical properties after heat aging, with particularly outstanding results obtained using 30?50 wt % e‐FAME in mixtures with diisotridecyl 2,5‐furandicarboxylate. Although heat aging characteristics of the plasticized polymer were often related to plasticizer volatilities, e‐FAME performed better than bis(2‐ethylhexyl) 2,5‐furandicarboxylate, and bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate of comparatively higher molecular weights. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42382.     

异山梨醇基增塑剂的制备及其增塑PVC的性能

通过异山梨醇和壬酸合成一种新型生物基增塑剂—异山梨醇二正壬酸酯(SDN)来改性聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂.研究了绿色增塑剂的增塑作用及对共混物性能的影响.SDN特有的分子结构增大了分子链间的距离,增加了聚合物的自由体积,使共混物塑性得到明显的改善.研究表明,随着SDN增塑剂添加量的增加,材料韧性增强,增塑剂的引入降低了共混...     

Preparation of cardanol based epoxy plasticizer by click chemistry and its action on poly(vinyl chloride)

In recent years, the using of reproducible resource and economical and efficient synthesis method has got wide concern. Herein, an environmental‐friendly plasticizer originated from cardanol was synthesized by click chemistry. First, the cardanol sulfide (CS) was obtained by click chemistry reaction between the double bond of the side chain of cardanol and mercaptoethanol. The degree of the click reaction was estimated to reach 84.7% by testing the content of sulfur. Then, the epoxidation of the hydroxyl was performed to get cardanol based epoxy plasticizer (CEP) in the presence of epichlorohydrin. The epoxy value was 0.32. The structure of CS and CEP was confirmed by FT‐IR and NMR techniques. A Haake torque rheometer was used to research the action of CEP on polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Results showed that it possessed favorable plasticization effect and stabilization effect on PVC. CEP had good heat stabilization in PVC, and could decrease the T_g of PVC significantly. Moreover, CEP could increase the tensile strength of PVC when in a small amount, and could increase the plasticity of PVC when in a larger quantity significantly. The characteristics of volatile, migration and solvent extraction of PVC plasticized by CEP is similar to by dioctyl phthalate (DOP). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44890.     

甘油支化聚酯聚氯乙烯增塑剂的制备与性能研究

通过熔融缩聚的方法,以己二酸、二元醇、甘油作为第三单体合成了含有支化结构的聚酯增塑剂,探究了不同二元醇合成的支化聚酯,并按照一定配方将聚酯加入到聚氯乙烯（PVC）中制得PVC试片,利用傅里叶红外光谱分析、热重分析、高效凝胶色谱分析对支化聚酯进行了表征,对PVC试片进行拉伸性能、热稳定性能、耐抽出性能等性能测试。结果表明,二元醇为二缩三乙二醇时,产品相对分子质量为4871,分散系数为2.26,黏度为11.20 Pa·s,支化聚酯增塑的PVC试片断裂伸长率高于400 %,吸水量低,热稳定性高,耐抽出性能良好。