折叠腓骨肌皮瓣同期牙种植修复下颌骨缺损:即刻种植延期修复的临床应用

目的:总结折叠腓骨肌皮瓣即刻种植延期修复下颌骨缺损的优缺点,并观察其临床疗效?方法:收集2001年1月—2012年12月南京医科大学附属口腔医院颌面外科采用折叠腓骨肌皮瓣同期牙种植修复下颌骨缺损的患者8例?根据缺损的部位和特点,设计折叠成“双管”型腓骨肌皮瓣修复术区缺损,即刻植入22枚牙种植体?6~12个月后行种植体上部修复?结果:8例腓骨肌皮瓣7例成活(成活率87.50%),1例术后坏死取出腓骨瓣?19枚种植体义齿修复后2年内功能发挥良好(2年存留率86.36%)?术后X线片示重建下颌骨高度满意,腓骨肌瓣与健侧下颌骨骨断端愈合良好,种植体发生骨愈合?术后随访平均2~5年,无严重并发症,种植牙功能良好,腓骨肌瓣重建下颌骨外形满意?结论:折叠腓骨肌皮瓣结合牙种植修复下颌骨缺损最终可以获得满意的外形和功能,技术条件允许时可以选择使用?     

血管化腓骨瓣修复下颌骨缺损的临床研究

目的评价血管化腓骨瓣游离移植修复下颌骨缺损的临床治疗效果。方法对12例下颌骨大部缺损患者应用血管化腓骨瓣游离移植整复。以腓动静脉为血管蒂切取腓骨瓣,根据下颌骨缺损的形态特点对腓骨进行截骨塑形,行血管蒂吻合,微型钛板进行移植骨坚固内固定。结果12例腓骨瓣移植均获得成功,成活率100％,术后3个月复查,患者面型恢复良好,开口度达到三横指,无语言功能障碍,咀嚼功能基本正常,供区无明显并发症出现。结论腓骨瓣是重建下颌骨缺损的理想组织瓣,血管化腓骨瓣移植是修复重建下颌骨缺损最有效的方法之一．     

血管化游离组织瓣修复口腔颌面部肿瘤术后缺损的临床效果

目的 探讨应用血管化游离组织瓣修复口腔颌面部肿瘤术后缺损的临床效果.方法 10例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者,应用血管化游离组织瓣进行肿瘤切除术后软硬组织缺损的一期修复重建,其中应用前臂皮瓣6例,腓骨肌皮瓣2例,股前外侧皮瓣2例.结果 术后发生血管危象2例,各1例挽救成功、失败,其余8例组织瓣均无血管危象发生,皮瓣成活率90%(9/10).所有患者在随访期内肿瘤未见复发.所有病例的重建口腔颌面部外形良好,患者口腔功能几乎不受影响.结论 血管化游离组织瓣移植是修复口腔颌面部肿瘤术后组织缺损有效而可靠的方法.     

血管化腓骨瓣即刻功能性重建下颌骨缺损

目的探讨应用血管化腓骨瓣功能性重建下颌骨缺损的方法。方法采用灭菌红蜡片术中制作下颌骨缺损三维原型实体模型,根据模型塑形腓骨即刻重建升支及部分下颌骨体切除7例。结果 7例腓骨肌瓣均成活,术后3个月X线片示移植骨无吸收,骨断端愈合良好,面部外形恢复良好,开口型无偏歪,正常开口度,颞下颌关节两侧活动度对称,所有患者均行走正常。结论血管化腓骨瓣是同期即刻修复升支、部分下颌骨体的理想复合组织瓣,再结合三维原型模拟技术,节省了腓骨塑形时间,提高了骨重建精确性。     

血管化髂骨瓣功能重建下颌骨缺损(附11例报告)

目的探讨应用血管化髂骨瓣解剖重建颞下颌关节、咀嚼肌再附着、修复一侧下颌骨缺损,恢复下颌骨外形、颞下颌关节和咀嚼功能。方法对11例下颌骨肿瘤患者行一侧髁状突、升支及部分下颌骨体切除,即刻应用血管化髂骨瓣重建下颌骨、髁状突、咀嚼肌再附着,术后义齿修复。结果11例髂骨肌皮瓣均成活,面部外形恢复良好,开口型无偏歪,正常开口度,颞关节两侧活动度基本对称,咬合运动,咬肌附着效果佳,义齿获得良好固位,咀嚼咬合力恢复良好。结论血管化髂骨瓣是同期即刻修复一侧下颌骨包括髁状突、升支、部分下颌骨体及咀嚼肌群再附着的理想复合组织瓣。     

计算机辅助设计和制造技术在血管化腓骨移植修复下颌骨大型缺损中的应用

目的:探讨计算机辅助设计(computer-aided design,CAD)和计算机辅助制造(computer-aided manufactured,CAM)技术在下颌骨肿瘤切除术后大型骨缺损的个体化修复重建中的应用。方法:对7例下颌骨肿瘤病变范围大的患者,术前行螺旋CT扫描并三维重建成像,采用CAD/CAM技术,制成与患者骨组织相同的个体化实体模型,设计病变切除范围,确定移植的血管化腓骨长度,根据其镜像模型预弯制重建钛板。术中按术前设计切除下颌骨病灶区骨段,切取血管化腓骨,根据术前预弯制的重建钛板进行腓骨塑型,固定腓骨及重建板于骨缺损两端正常下颌骨,并对腓动静脉进行显微吻合。结果:在三维实体模型上进行的模型外科操作与真实手术吻合程度很高,实体模型病变区测量数据与术中所见病变范围完全一致。预制的下颌骨重建钛板形态与术中下颌骨外形匹配;腓骨塑型快而准确。术后患者面部外形对称,X线片显示重建的下颌骨两侧对称,患者对术后结果均表示满意。结论:CAD/CAM技术的应用,为下颌骨大型骨病变的术前手术范围设计、移植骨形态设计提供了个体化实体模型,提高了手术的精确性,节省了手术时间,降低了手术并发症,改善了手术效果,具有良好的辅助作用。     

3D数字化技术在成釉细胞瘤切除后下颌骨缺损修复中的应用

目的通过对3D数字化技术辅助下游离腓骨瓣修复重建下颌骨缺损的临床病例进行分析研究,探讨成釉细胞瘤切除术后3D数字化技术在修复下颌骨缺损中的应用效果。方法选取郑州大学第一附属医院2014年3月至2015年1月的15例应用游离腓骨瓣修复下颌骨缺损的青少年(年龄≤30岁)患者。采用数字化3D技术对肿瘤的切除及下颌骨缺损的修复重建进行术前模拟设计,包括模拟肿瘤及下颌骨的切除范围,计算腓骨瓣的截骨长度及分段塑形角度,对相关的统计数据、术前模拟效果、术后恢复效果进行分析。结果入组患者游离皮瓣术后成活情况良好,平均随访(15.0±6.4)(10～19)个月没有感染、移植骨溶解坏死等并发症的发生,腓骨瓣与下颌骨缺损准确吻合,面容恢复理想。结论数字化3D技术能够准确地提供肿瘤切除边界范围,为腓骨瓣的取骨长度及分段成角塑形提供准确的设计方案。数字化辅助技术下的游离腓骨瓣用于下颌修复重建可以获得良好的功能和可接受的美学效果。     

血管化髂骨复合组织瓣在下颌骨缺损修复重建中的初步应用

目的 总结评价血管化髂骨复合组织瓣在下颌骨缺损修复重建中的应用价值.方法 选取口腔颌面外科14例下颌骨肿瘤患者,采用下颌骨部分切除术同期行血管化髂骨复合组织瓣移植修复术治疗,并对治疗效果进行随访观察.结果 移植血管化髂骨复合组织瓣全部成活,供、受区创口均Ⅰ期愈合,所有患者修复后下颌骨形态功能恢复良好.结论 血管化髂骨复合组织瓣组织量丰富,供区隐蔽并可直接缝合,是修复下颌骨部分缺损的理想组织瓣.     

带蒂腓骨瓣游离移植修复下颌骨缺损病人的护理

目的:探讨血管化腓骨修复各型下颌骨缺损病人的术前准备及术后护理的重要性.方法:对14例因各种原因所致下颌骨缺损患者给予充分的术前准备和精心的术后护理.结果:通过我们全方位的、精心的护理,病人骨瓣存活成功率100%,下颌骨形状和功能恢复良好,所有患者均能正常行走,无1例出现踝关节不稳定.结论:对血管化腓骨修复各型下颌骨缺损病人充分的术前准备和精心的术后护理是非常重要的,也是必须的.     

自体骨移植修复重建下颌骨缺损的临床研究

目的探讨自体骨移植修复重建下颌骨缺损的方法与效果。方法回顾性分析37例自体骨移植修复下颌骨缺损修复与重建患者的临床资料,其中游离肋骨18例,游离髂骨15例,吻合血管的腓骨瓣4例,分析术后近远期修复效果。结果游离肋骨、游离髂骨、吻合血管的腓骨瓣的移植成功率分别达88．89％、93．33％、100．00％。随访1～5年,患者对外形较满意,其中16例进行了活动义齿修复,8例延期牙种植体修复恢复,咀嚼功能良好。结论游离髂骨及肋骨移植修复下颌骨缺损手术操作简单,但有不同程度的吸收现象。吻合血管骨移植修复效果较好,但技术要求较高。在选择修复方法时,应综合考虑制定个体化的修复重建方案,力争达到最佳的修复效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.