高硅铝合金焊接现状及展望

高硅铝合金是现代制造业中一种理想的材料,本文结合高硅铝材料性质对硅铝合金焊接性进行分析,阐述了硅铝合金焊接存在的缺陷,并对硅铝合金的焊接方法研究进行了总结,最后对高硅铝合金的焊接技术的发展进行了展望。     

高硅铝合金的研究现状及展望

高硅铝合金由于具有很多优点,近些年来被广泛开发和应用.对高硅铝合金的特点及应用进行了简要介绍;评述了熔炼铸造、快速凝固与粉末冶金、喷射成形这几种制备高硅铝合金的工艺和优缺点,以及高硅铝合金的国内外发展动态;对利用热喷涂技术制备高硅铝合金进行了展望.     

高硅 FeSi 合金层对普通取向硅钢磁性能的影响

目的提高硅钢的磁性能。方法采用多弧离子镀技术,在普通取向硅钢薄板两面沉积高硅FeSi合金层制得高硅梯度硅钢,并进行热处理,观察其显微组织,测量磁性能。结果退火态高硅梯度硅钢表面的高硅FeSi合金层与基底结合紧密,均匀致密。高硅梯度硅钢中硅含量呈梯度分布,最表层硅质量分数为11.0%,随着深度增加,硅含量逐渐降低,在距表面20μm处硅质量分数仍能达到6.5%。沉积态高硅梯度硅钢的电阻率ρ、低频铁损P10/50、高频铁损P10/1k及磁感应强度B8分别为68.6μΩ·cm,0.82W/kg,83.3 W/kg和1.73 T,退火后分别为63.1μΩ·cm,0.44 W/kg,54.38 W/kg和1.89 T。结论由于表层高硅FeSi合金层的存在,梯度高硅钢的低频磁学性能良好,但高频损耗需进一步改善。     

高硅铸铁耐腐蚀性的研究

采用失重分析、金相分析等试验方法研究了高硅铸铁在不同环境下的耐腐蚀性能,并对高硅铸铁、普通灰铸铁及白口铸铁的耐腐蚀性进行比较。结果表明,高硅铸铁在各种腐蚀介质中均有良好的耐蚀性,腐蚀溶液的浓度对高硅铸铁的腐蚀速度有较大影响。因为硅的存在,高硅铸铁的耐蚀性明显优于普通灰铸铁和白口铸铁;而白口铸铁因其基体组织为Fe3C,在酸性溶液中的耐腐蚀性能又优于灰铸铁。     

钛对高硅铸铁组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜,扫描电镜和多种试验方法研究了含Ti高硅铸铁的微观组织结构和性能。结果表明,在高硅铸铁中添加适量的Ti,高硅铸铁合金中生成D型石墨;随着Ti含量的增加D型石墨不断细化,分布均匀化,从而细化基体晶粒,提高高硅铸铁合金的综合力学性能;D型石墨降低了腐蚀溶液浸入高硅铸铁内部的通道,提高合金的耐蚀性,通电情况下钛还可以提高高硅铸铁合金的整体钝化性能从而提高合金在强氧化性酸中的耐蚀性。     

受控扩散凝固制备过共晶Al-Si合金及其热力学分析

采用液-液混合受控扩散凝固技术(CDS)制备过共晶Al-20%Si合金,研究高硅合金温度对目标合金组织中初生硅的影响及混合过程中初生硅细化的热力学条件。结果表明:采用液-液混合制备过共晶铝硅合金,可以细化初生硅,初生硅平均尺寸可达到37μm;但随着高硅合金温度的升高,初生硅的平均尺寸增加,板条状和五瓣星状初生硅也增多,当高硅温度超过790℃时,初生硅细化效果丧失。分析得出,只有当混合前两种合金吉布斯自由能的加权平均值小于混合后目标合金在液相线的吉布斯自由能(liquidusfinal,m G=-39.336 6 kJ)时,初生硅才能得到明显的细化。     

高硅黑心可锻铸铁第一阶段石墨化过程的探讨

一、前言人们早已发现了在可锻铸铁中提高含硅量可以缩短石墨化时间。40年代国外曾做过低硅范围内含硅量对石墨化过程影响的试验,但中硅及高硅范围内是否有着和低硅范围相同的规律呢?我国目前大多数厂生产中硅或高硅可锻铸铁,为了能适应这种现状,我们对中硅和     

汽车发动机排气管用球墨铸铁抗生长性探讨

通过XRD、SEM和EDS等手段分析了高硅钼球墨铸铁和高镍球墨铸铁的成分与组织。结果表明,高硅钼球墨铸铁主要由铁素体和石墨组成,而高镍球墨铸铁则由奥氏体和金属间化合物Fe Ni3组成。高镍球墨铸铁的抗生长性明显优于高硅钼球墨铸铁,且随工作温度升高变得更加明显,这主要是由于其碳当量比高硅钼球墨铸铁少近17%,且在工作温度不发生相变。     

高硅铸钢的强韧化机理

采用X射线衍射，计算了高硅铸钢等温淬火热处理后的贝氏体铁素体含碳量，采用TEM分析了贝氏体铁素体中的错位，研究了贝氏体铁素体板条尺寸与高硅铸钢屈服强度、硬度间的关系。在此基础上分析了高硅铸钢的强化以及韧化机理，高硅铸钢的强化是固溶强化，位错强化和细晶强化综合作用的合理；而高硅铸钢的韧化是存在于贝氏体铁素体板条之间富碳的薄膜状残余奥氏体，细小的贝氏体铁素体板条共同作用的结果。合适的Si含量也是影响高硅铸钢韧性重要因素。     

汽车排气歧管用耐热球墨铸铁的抗氧化性研究

通过对所开发的汽车排气歧管用高硅钼球墨铸铁和高镍球墨铸铁的质量变化动力学和氧化层厚度变化进行研究。结果表明,高硅钼球墨铸铁和高镍球墨铸铁的质量和氧化层厚度均随工作时间延长而增大,且高硅钼球墨铸铁的增幅大于高镍球墨铸铁的增幅。并通过对表面成分分析,进一步了解了表面成分的变化情况。元素硅主要以Fe2SiO4形式存在。高硅钼球墨铸铁的质量动力学曲线符合抛物线规律,而高镍球墨铸铁的质量变化动力学曲线不符合符合抛物线规律。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

正~~     

Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.