高斯噪声诱导二元混合物/粒子系统有序结构的形成

采用蒙特卡罗方法研究高斯噪声场对添加硬球粒子的二元混合物系统自组装的驱动作用.发现硬球粒子与组分之间的相互作用决定硬球粒子在畴中存在的区域.当硬球粒子与组分之间的相互作用较大,硬球粒子浓度n≤0.05时,对于足够强的高斯噪声场,存在一个最佳噪声作用概率区域(p=0.005~0.02),其间高斯噪声已完全消除硬球粒子的钉扎效应,使体系快速生长并形成取向性很好的条状畴结构.     

振荡场作用下聚合物/纳米棒混合体系的自组装

采用元胞动力学和布朗动力学联用方法研究了振荡场作用下两嵌段共聚物/均聚物/纳米棒混合体系的自组装相行为.通过计算模拟,探讨了振荡场的振幅和频率对混合体系相形貌形成和演化的影响.研究发现振荡场对体系有序结构的形成和转变有重要作用,随着外加振荡场频率的增大,混合体系形貌从平行于场方向的条纹结构过渡到斜层状结构再转变为垂直于场方向的条纹结构.进一步分析了振荡场作用下体系畴尺寸的演化及纳米棒取向角的变化情况.研究结果为制备和调控聚合物纳米复合材料有序结构提供了新的方法和参考.     

非对称半结晶两嵌段共聚物的微相分离与结晶行为的模拟退火研究

利用模拟退火方法研究非对称半结晶两嵌段共聚物熔体分别在弱分离和强分离条件下的结晶过程.考察微相分离作用和结晶作用的相对强度对柱状组成的两嵌段共聚物平衡形态的影响.研究结果表明,当嵌段间的相互排斥作用较弱时,结晶便破坏了柱状畴;当此相互作用足够强时,结晶过程可以有效地被限制在熔体微相分离所形成的柱状畴内.另外,介于上述两种情形之间还存在一个模板区域,此时熔体形成的柱状畴大部分被保留下来,但在局部会变形或连通.这些结果和文献报道的实验结果一致.当嵌段间的相互排斥作用非常强时,结晶被抑制,微相分离主导最终形态,观察到了非晶态结构.     

消磁场对纳米铁磁线磁畴壁动力学行为的影响

为了实现基于磁畴壁运动的自旋电子学装置, 掌握磁畴壁动力学行为是重要争论之一.研究了在外磁场驱动下L-型纳米铁磁线磁畴壁的动力学行为. 通过微磁学模拟,在各种外磁场的驱动下考察了纳米铁磁线磁畴壁的动力学特性; 在较强外磁场的驱动下, 在不同厚度纳米线上考察了纳米线表面消磁场对磁畴壁动力学行为的影响. 为了进一步证实消磁场对磁畴壁动力学的影响, 在垂直于纳米线表面的外磁场辅助下分析了磁畴壁的动力学行为变化. 结果表明, 随着纳米线厚度和外驱动磁场强度的增加, 增强了纳米线表面的消磁场的形成, 使得磁畴壁内部自旋结构发生周期性变化, 导致磁畴壁在纳米线上传播时出现Walker崩溃现象. 在垂直于纳米线表面的外磁场辅助下, 发现辅助磁场可以调节消磁场的强度和方向. 这意味着利用辅助磁场可以有效地控制纳米铁磁线磁畴壁的动力学行为.     

随机外磁场作用下Ising自旋体系的随机共振

通过采用数字仿真手段，研究了经平均场处理的Ising自旋体系在弱确定性周期外场和随机外场（噪声场）混合驱动下的动态响应行为.着重考察了不同强度混合驱动外场作用下，Is ing自旋体系的非平衡动态转变所表现出区别于单纯确定性周期场作用下的新特征——随机 共振.选定体系非平衡动态转变的动态序参量Q为表征参量，系统模拟计算了混合驱动外场在多种参数组合下体系的动态响应特征，高场低温下的非连续动态转变和低场高温下的连续动态转变.模拟计算表明在适当混合驱动外场的作用下，Ising自旋体系具有随机共振现象，并诱发形成非 关键词： Ising自旋体系 随机共振 动态相变 对称性     

铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统中的磁畴动力学行为

比较了铁磁单层膜与铁磁/反铁磁双层膜结构中的磁畴演化行为, 发现由于反铁磁层膜对铁磁层膜的耦合作用使得系统的磁畴壁厚度、 磁畴壁等效质量、磁畴壁移动速度等发生了改变, 系统的矫顽场增强, 并出现了交换偏置场. 文章具体研究了反铁磁层耦合作用下其磁畴壁厚度、 等效质量以及磁畴壁移动速度等与反铁磁层的净磁化、 磁各向异性、界面耦合强度以及温度等的关系; 并研究了其对铁磁/反铁磁双层膜中的交换偏置场、矫顽场的影响. 进而 从磁畴结构的形成及其演化上揭示了铁磁/反铁磁双 层膜中出现交换偏置以及矫顽场增加的物理机制.     

PZT铁电薄膜纳米尺度畴结构的扫描力显微术研究

利用扫描力显微术中压电响应模式原位研究了（111）择优取向的PZT60/40铁电薄膜的纳米尺度畴结构及其极化反转行为.铁电畴图像复杂的畴衬度与晶粒中的畴排列和晶粒的取向密切相关.直接观察到极化反转期间所形成的小至30nm宽的台阶结构，该台阶结构揭示了（111）取向的PZT60/40铁电薄膜在极化反转期间其畴成核与生长机理主要表现为铁电畴的纵向生长机理. 关键词： 畴结构 反转机理 PZT薄膜 扫描力显微术     

面内磁场对硬磁泡形成的影响

实验研究了面内磁场对一次脉冲偏磁场作用下外延石榴石薄膜中硬磁泡形成的影响,发现存在一个使硬磁泡不再形成的临界面内磁场H_in⁰,它与材料参量有关,通过实验,运用面内磁场对条状畴的作用和枝状畴的形成,定性解释了软硬磁泡形成的分界场H_[b]随面内磁场增大、快降以及缓降这三个物理过程。 关键词：     

晶格失配应力对单晶(BiTm)_3(GaFe)_5O_(12)膜磁畴结构的影响

利用液相外延工艺在钆镓石榴石衬底上制得了单晶(BiTm)_3(GaFe)_5O_(12)膜,研究了晶格失配应力对其磁畴结构的影响.研究发现,生长速率越快,膜的晶格常数越大;晶格失配应力可以在一定范围内调整膜的垂直各向异性;随着晶格失配应力由较大张应力逐渐转变为较大压应力,磁畴形状先由磁泡畴转变成迷宫畴,然后转变为过渡态部分弯曲的条状畴,最终转变为整齐排列的条状畴;失配应力同时对畴宽也有影响,膜受到的失配应力越大,畴宽越大.这一实验研究对基于控制晶格失配应力来调控单晶膜的各向异性和磁畴结构有指导意义.     

表面摩擦处理对全息聚合物分散液晶光栅电光特性的影响

为了提高全息聚合物分散液晶光栅的衍射效率并降低其驱动电压,改善光栅的电光特性,研究了表面平行摩擦取向对全息聚合物分散液晶光栅电光特性的影响.理论分析认为,改善相分离结构和降低液晶微滴之间的有序度差异是优化光栅电光特性的根本所在.由于进行表面取向处理后的液晶和单体之间达到扩散匹配,使得相分离的程度大幅提高,在衍射能力增强的同时驱动电压也实现了大幅下降,而且,表面取向作用也使光栅内的液晶分子均匀排列,降低了液晶微滴之间的有序度差异,从而减少了光栅的散射损失.实验结果表明:进行取向处理后的光栅其衍射效率由传统光 关键词： 全息聚合物分散液晶 衍射效率 驱动电压     

Stochastic bifurcations of generalized Duffing–van der Pol system with fractional derivative under colored noise

The stochastic bifurcation of a generalized Duffing–van der Pol system with fractional derivative under color noise excitation is studied. Firstly, fractional derivative in a form of generalized integral with time-delay is approximated by a set of periodic functions. Based on this work, the stochastic averaging method is applied to obtain the FPK equation and the stationary probability density of the amplitude. After that, the critical parameter conditions of stochastic P-bifurcation are obtained based on the singularity theory. Different types of stationary probability densities of the amplitude are also obtained. The study finds that the change of noise intensity, fractional order, and correlation time will lead to the stochastic bifurcation.     

Gaussian models for the distribution of Brownian particles in tilted periodic potentials The limit of high barriers

We present two Gaussian approximations for the time-dependent probability density function (PDF) of an overdamped Brownian particle moving in a tilted periodic potential. We assume high potential barriers in comparison with the noise intensity. The accuracy of the proposed approximated expressions for the time-dependent PDF is checked with numerical simulations of the Langevin dynamics. We found a quite good agreement between theoretical and numerical results at all times.     

Influence of Signal and Noise on Statistical Fluctuation of Single-Mode Laser System

On the basis of calculating the steady-state mean normalized intensity fluctuation of a signal-mode laser system driven by both colored pump noise with signal modulation and the quantum noise with cross-correlation between its real and imaginary parts, we analyze the influence of modulation signal, noise, and its correlation form on the statistical fluctuation of the laser system. We have found that when the amplitude of modulation signal weakens and its frequency quickens, the statistical fluctuation will reduce rapidly. The statistical fluctuation of the laser system can be restrained by reducing the intensity of pump noise and quantum noise. Moreover, with prolonging of colored cross-correlation time, the statistical fluctuation of laser system experiences a repeated changing process, that is, from decreasing to augmenting,then to decreasing, and finally to augmenting again. With the decreasing of the value of cross-correlation coefficient, the statistical fluctuation will decrease too. When the cross-correlation form between the real part and imaginary part of quantum noise is zero correlation, the statistical fluctuation of laser system has a minimum. Compared with the influence of intensity of pump noise, the influence of intensity of quantum noise on the statistical fluctuation is smaller.     

Influence of Signal and Noise on Statistical Fluctuation of Single-Mode Laser System

On the basis of calculating the steady-state mean normalized intensity fluctuation of a signal-mode laser system driven by both colored pump noise with signal modulation and the quantum noise with cross-correlation between its real and imaginary parts, we analyze the influence of modulation signal, noise, and its correlation form on the statistical fluctuation of the laser system. We have found that when the amplitude of modulation signal weakens and its frequency quickens, the statistical fluctuation will reduce rapidly. The by reducing the intensity of pump noise and quantum noise. statistical fluctuation of the laser system can be restrained Moreover, with prolonging of colored cross-correlation time, the statistical fluctuation of laser system experiences a repeated changing process, that is, from decreasing to augmenting, then to decreasing, and finally to augmenting again. With the decreasing of the value of cross-correlation coe~cient, the statistical fluctuation will decrease too. When the cross-correlation form between the real part and imaginary part of quantum noise is zero correlation, the statistical fluctuation of laser system has a minimum. Compared with the influence of intensity of pump noise, the influence of intensity of quantum noise on the statistical fluctuation is smaller.     

Lévy稳定噪声激励下的Duffing-van der Pol振子的随机分岔

研究了Lévy稳定噪声激励下的双稳Duffing-van der Pol振子,利用Monte Carlo方法,得到了振幅的稳态概率密度函数.分析了Lévy稳定噪声的强度和稳定指数对概率密度函数的影响,通过稳态概率密度的性质变化,讨论了噪声振子的随机分岔现象,发现了不仅系统参数和噪声强度可以视为分岔参数,Lévy噪声的稳定指数 α 的改变也能诱导系统出现随机分岔现象. 关键词： Lévy稳定噪声 Duffing-van der Pol振子 稳态概率密度函数 随机分岔     

Steady-State Analysis of a Two-Mode Laser System with Cross-Correlation Between Real and Imaginary Parts of Quantum Noise

An inhomogeneously broadened two-mode laser system with cross-correlations between the real and imag- inary parts of quantum noise is considered. The Fokker-Planek equation of the system is derived by the phase-locking method. The steady-state probability distribution, the mean light intensity, the normalization autocorrelation function, and cross correlation function are calculated. The results indicate that： （i） The cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise can cause the stationary probability distribution from one peak structure to two extrema structure when the laser system is operated above threshold; （ii） The cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise enhance the light intensity fluctuation and decrease the laser output when the laser system is operated below or near threshold; （iii） The effect of the cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise is very weak on the stationary properties when the laser system is operated far above threshold.     

Noise-induced stabilization of bumps in systems with long-range spatial coupling

The position of a localized region of active neurons (a “bump”) has been proposed to encode information for working memory, the head direction system, and feature selectivity in the visual system. Stationary bumps are ordinarily stable, but including spike frequency adaptation in the neural dynamics causes a stationary bump to become unstable to a moving bump through a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation in bump speed. Adding spatiotemporal noise to the network supporting the bump can cause the average speed of the bump to decrease to almost zero, reversing the effect of the adaptation and “restabilizing” the bump. This restabilizing occurs for noise levels lower than those required to break up the bump. The restabilizing can be understood by examining the effects of noise on the normal form of the pitchfork bifurcation where the variable involved in the bifurcation is bump speed. This noisy normal form can be further simplified to a persistent random walk in which the probability of changing direction is related to the noise level through an Arrhenius-type rate. The probability density function of position for the continuous-time version of this random walk satisfies the telegrapher’s equation, and the closed-form solution of this PDE allows us to find expressions for the mean and variance of the average speed of the particle (the bump) undergoing the random walk. This noise-induced stabilization is a novel example in which moderate amounts of noise have a beneficial effect on a system, specifically, stabilizing a spatiotemporal pattern.     

On the resolving power of liquid photopolymerizing compositions for recording of holograms

The effect of intrinsic concentration inhomogeneities of a photopolymerizing composition on the formation of polymeric phase holograins is considered within the framework of a diffusion model. It is shown that the limiting spatial frequency of the interference pattern recorded is determined by threshold effects for the multiplicative phase noise of the hologram and depends on the medium viscosity, the contrast, and the intensity of the acting radiation. The results of the numerical calculation are confirmed experimentally.     

A new method of analysis of the effect of weak colored noise in nonlinear dynamical systems

A systematic method for obtaining the asymptotic behavior of a dynamical system forced by colored noise in the limit of small intensity is developed. It is based on the search of WKB solutions to the Fokker-Planck equation for the joint probability density of the system and noise, in which the perturbation expansion is continued to the first correction beyond the Hamilton-Jacobi limit. The method can be applied to noise with correlation time of order unity. It is illustrated on the normal form of a pitchfork bifurcation, where it is pointed out that additive noise can induce a shift of the most probable value. This prediction is confirmed by numerical simulation of the stochastic differential equations.