机载离心式制冷压缩机叶轮级流动仿真研究

离心式制冷压缩机对机载蒸汽压缩制冷系统有重要影响;大流量离心制冷压缩机的运行效率远大于小流量压缩机效率,针对现有的双级小流量离心制冷压缩机,通过实验测试和CFD仿真,对制冷剂R134a在泵式叶轮内的流动进行了分析。结果表明:在所测试参数条件下,叶轮进口靠近压力面处的制冷工质出现明显的二次流现象,气体流动出现盖面分离,叶轮内部损失较大;改变叶轮叶片出口安装角可提高效率及压比;针对不同叶轮叶片数的仿真计算对比,可确定在所设计模型中最佳叶片数。     

小流量离心制冷压缩机级内流动的CFD分析

压缩机是蒸发循环制冷系统的核心部件,本研究采用FLUENT软件,调用真实气体模型并读取R134a物性参数,进行小流量离心式压缩机内部流动模拟分析,在一定程度上提升了模拟质量,并与试验进行对比,结果较为接近。分析表明:利用FLUENT软件进行小流量离心式制冷压缩机内部流动分析可行;所设计叶轮出口可能发生二次流现象;扩压器进口处流动不稳定,造成较大流动损失,且扩压器内部流动不均匀,最后给出相应优化意见。     

叶片数和安装角对氦气压缩机性能影响研究

使用ANSYS软件对主氦风机的叶轮进行模型建立和数值模拟,分别对叶轮的叶片出口安装角为27.5°～37.5°和叶片数为15～19的氦气压缩机进行建模和仿真计算,分析叶轮叶片出口安装角和叶片数对氦气压缩机内部流场和效率的影响。结果表明:随着叶片出口安装角的增大,叶轮的出口压力增加,但压缩机的多变效率下降;随着叶轮叶片数的增加,叶轮出口压力增加,在70%设计流量工况下,减少叶轮叶片数会导致压缩机多变效率下降;当流量大于设计流量时,增加叶片数则导致压缩机多变效率下降。     

高温热泵离心叶轮变叶片数时流场特性分析

离心式压缩机作为高温热泵系统中的关键部件其运行效率、工况范围和安全性能都直接影响着整个机组的性能,而离心式压缩机叶轮叶片的数目是影响离心式压缩机效率的关键参数.目前离心式压缩机叶片数目的确定主要根据经验公式,同一叶轮取不同数目的叶片对叶轮内部流场的影响缺乏定量的分析.对高温热泵离心机取不同叶片数目时的单通道流场进行了数值模拟,分析变叶片数时叶轮内部吸力面分离区和分离点变化特性、二次流损失变化规律,优化叶轮叶片数目,为合理设计离心式压缩机叶轮叶片数提供理论依据.     

无叶扩压器对离心压缩机流场及性能影响的数值研究

采用自编的CFD程序数值研究了无叶扩压器对离心压缩机流场及气动性能的影响.采用当地时间步长、多重网格以及隐式参差光顺等技术来加速收敛,以质量流量来代替出口静压的出口边界条件,使出口静压在计算过程中与给定的流量工况自动匹配,大大节省了计算时间.对Krain叶轮后带等面积与直壁两种形式的无叶扩压器离心压缩机内部流场进行了计算与分析,结果表明:直壁型无叶扩压器离心压缩机的效率低于等面积无叶扩压器离心压缩机的效率;直壁型无叶扩压器使得叶轮出口的流动出现分离;扩压器的形式对离心叶轮的整体气动性能影响并不大;在进行离心叶轮数值研究时,叶轮后的延伸区最好采用等面积无叶扩压器,以尽量减小无叶扩压器所引起的计算误差.     

离心压缩机径向吸气室内部流动的数值研究

对离心压缩机径向吸气室的内部流动进行了数值研究,分析了吸气室本身以及叶轮对其内流的影响,详细给出了吸气室内部的流动结构.结果表明吸气室内部的流动损失及其出口存在的流动畸变主要是由于气流在环形通道中产生的一系列旋涡造成的,叶轮的旋转进一步增加了吸气室内部损失和出口流动的不均匀性.计算结果为优化吸气室结构提供了一定的理论依据.     

基于数值分析的前向多翼离心风机叶轮的改进

对某双进气前向多翼离心风机进行了数值模拟,分析了此类风机内部流动沿转轴方向的不均匀性,并针对这种特性提出了沿轴向改变叶轮叶片进口角、沿轴向改变叶轮叶片内径2种对叶轮的改进方法。分析结果表明,变角度处理可以改善盖侧叶轮叶片进口的正冲角,减小叶轮内的冲击损失;变内径的处理可以改善叶轮出口速度的不均匀性,有助于减小蜗壳内二次涡流。     

非设计工况下斜流泵叶轮进出口环量变化分析

基于RNG k-ε湍流模型对斜流泵内部三维流场进行了数值计算,重点针对非设计工况下的斜流泵叶轮进出口环量分布特征进行了分析。研究结果显示,在设计点附近的叶轮进口环量受叶片进口边影响较大,不同采样线的环量分布具有一定差异,小流量工况下受到叶轮进口回流的影响,不同采样线的环量分布趋于一致。叶轮出口环量分布受采样线位置影响较小,在设计流量点时,叶轮出口呈等环量分布。在小流量工况点,受到叶轮出口回流的影响,叶轮出口外缘处的环量数值显著增大。通过研究还发现,从叶轮出口流道通过轮毂一侧回流进入叶轮的流体微团具有与叶轮旋转方向相反的圆周速度分量,其环量数值甚至低于同工况下的叶轮进口环量值。     

离心风机蜗壳内部流动研究

对自主开发的7-40风机进行了性能试验测量和全工况整机数值模拟,并对大中小三种流量下风机蜗壳的内部流场进行了全面的研究.通过对蜗壳内多个横截面的通流速度、静压和二次流分布的详细分析,探讨了三种流量下离心风机蜗壳内部二次旋涡流动的形成和发展、最大和最小主流速度的位置的变动,研究了蜗壳内通流速度方向的扩压等蜗壳空腔内部流动的变化规律,分析了蜗壳对叶轮流动的影响.     

平衡压力型离心式叶轮的设计

前言高压离心压缩机的最后几级,由于容积流量的缩小,叶轮的相对宽度很小,宽度的绝对尺寸往往只有几毫米。这时,边界层对气流的流动和损失有着极大的影响,级效率不高。叶轮内的流动损失主要是流动摩擦损失和法向压差引起的二次流损失,这两者又相互影响。由于二次流的存在使边界层的流动具有三元性     

全可控涡分布对离心压缩机三元叶片性能影响研究

针对全可控涡三元叶轮设计方法中的全可控涡给定方法,给出2种不同的全可控涡分布给定方法,根据流线曲率法反命题编写三元叶片设计程序,并结合具体案例,分析比较不同全可控涡分布对离心压缩机三元叶片性能的影响。     

轴流压缩机叶轮流线曲率法反问题的研究

主要讨论了用流线曲率法构造轴流压缩机的气动反问题计算,首先通过平面叶栅法粗线条地得到一个轴流压缩机算例,然后着重介绍用流线曲率法求解压缩机叶片排间隙中S2流面反问题主方程,从而进_步优化叶型,并通过实例得出了设计计算结果。     

Metal flow controlled by back pressure in the forming process of rib-web parts

In the forming process of rib-web parts, which are widely used in automobiles and aircrafts, severe streamline disorder often occurs because of unreasonable metal flow. In this study, a back-pressure-controlled forming method that can control the direction of metal flow was introduced. The effects of key parameters on metal flow were investigated, including the back-pressure value, loading mode, and back-pressure distance. The results showed that streamline defects can be avoided and the final forming load can be reduced by reasonably controlling the back-pressure parameters. The constant back-pressure mode was more conducive to achieving good forming quality compared with the linear-increased back-pressure mode. From the stress analysis of metal flow, it was demonstrated that the stress state in the rib root is changed by the back pressure, which makes the metal flow more easily along either the tangential or the radial direction. The advantages of the back-pressure-controlled forming method were confirmed by applying it to a compressor scroll rotor.     

采用叶片扩压器时单级离心叶轮内流分析

对采用滑移网格技术计算得到的,带有叶片扩压器的单级高速离心压缩机,非定常流动计算结果的叶轮内流进行分析,研究了叶片扩压器的存在对叶轮内流的影响。     

压缩机叶轮的逆向造型及流场数值模拟

介绍了叶轮的逆向造型和内部流场的数值模拟,应用逆向造型技术对整体压缩机叶轮实现快速三维建模,再对其进行内部流场数值模拟,研究分析叶轮叶片表面的流场、压力分布及湍流等重要的流动现象,以分析检验该叶轮的动力性能,为叶轮的动力性能检测提供了又一种快捷的方法,也为探索压缩机叶型优化设计和进一步改进提供了有价值的物理信息.     

Experimental investigation on aero-acoustic characteristics of a centrifugal compressor for the fuel-cell vehicle

A variety of centrifugal compressors are used in various fields of industry such as aircraft, home appliances, and vehicles. Comfort and quietness are important in these uses. As a result, noise has become an important consideration in compressor design besides the conventional performance parameters such as efficiency and pressure ratio. However, compressor noise has been difficult to understand because of the lack of information. The aim of this paper is to investigate the aero-acoustic characteristics of a centrifugal compressor for the fuelcell vehicle by experiments. The existing compressor system is modified to measure the internal pressure fluctuation at the impeller inlet, the impeller outlet and the diffuser outlet. Four microphone probes are also installed to determine the external noise levels and spectra of the compressor in an airtight room according to the RPM and mass flow rate. The test results show the possibility to tell the relative noise level of a centrifugal compressor with the internal pressure data. The external microphone signals have relation to the internal pressure signals. They have similar patterns and spectra. It is a noteworthy phenomenon because it is easier and inexpensive to predict pressure behaviors than noise characteristics of centrifugal compressors. The dominant noise source is the tonal noise during normal operation. But the broadband noise component due to the turbulent flow in the compressor increases during low flow rate operation. Computational simulations are carried out to describe these phenomena and to identify noise indicators. The turbulence kinetic energy and the pressure distribution obtained from CFD results may be indicative of the relative noise intensity of the compressor. The experimental facility, instrumentation and simulation conditions are described, and the results are presented in this paper.     

氯气压缩机的高效设计方法及数值模拟结果分析

针对某企业年产7万吨的氯气压缩机,进行了基于叶轮表面速度最优分布的三元离心叶轮、扩压器、蜗壳设计及CFD叶轮内部流动分析,得出了设计方法可靠等3点结论。     

高转速大小叶片斜流叶轮数值模拟

用数值模拟方法对高压比大小叶片斜流式叶轮内部全三维有粘流场进行了详细分析,获得该压缩机的特性曲线和主要参数分布。计算结果表明,设计点达到设计要求值,斜流叶轮内部流动正常,满足性能要求,叶轮的小叶片在气流通道后部还有一定的改进余地。     

考虑叶轮内部流动损失沿径向分布的轴流通风机设计

根据文献[1]提出的轴流通风机叶轮内部压力损失沿径向分布的数学模型,设计并制造了一台轴流通风机,对文献[1]压力损失沿径向分布数学模型进行了验证.     

Research on the cathode design and experiments of electrochemical machining a closed impeller internal flow channel

In order to improve the electrochemical machining (ECM) precision and efficiency of a closed impeller internal flow channel, the internal flow channel cathode shape and structure were optimized by gap flow field simulation. Firstly, the theoretical model and three-dimensional gap flow field simulation geometric model were set up. Next, the inter-electrode gap flow field simulation results were draw from the streamline, velocity, and pressure cloud picture. Secondly, the cathode and the frock clamp were designed according to the simulation results. Finally, the verification experiment was carried out to evaluate the cathode structure and the ECM process parameters, and the experimental results were consistent with the simulation results. The whole process is stable and no short-circuit phenomenon with the forward flow field machining pattern. The results show that the method of gap flow field simulation-assisted ECM cathode design is useful and economical for machining closed impeller internal flow channel.