冠状动脉腔内旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架治疗极度严重钙化病变的短中期疗效

目的: 评价冠状动脉腔内旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架术治疗极度严重钙化病变的短中期疗效。方法: 对12例极度严重钙化病变常规经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)失败或预期不能实施的冠心病患者实施冠脉内旋磨并植入药物洗脱支架,观察其治疗的即刻疗效及6个月的随访结果。结果: 冠脉内旋磨术的12例患者,其中8例常规PCI治疗失败:2例球囊无法通过病变,3例球囊不能扩张,3例球囊扩张后支架无法通过;4例极度严重钙化预期不能实施常规PCI治疗,12例患者均成功实施冠脉内旋磨术,3例新发生夹层形成,3例出现慢血流,旋磨后11例以低压［小于6 atm(1 atm=101.325 kPa)］充分扩张病变,仅1例需高压（28 atm）扩张病变, 1例在术中发生心原性休克,植入主动脉内球囊反博(IABP)后完成手术;无1例发生冠脉穿孔、死亡、急性心肌梗死及急诊冠脉旁路移植术(CABG),所有病例支架均顺利通过病变并 实施扩张术。对12例患者进行了术后6个月的冠脉造影随访,有1例发生支架内再狭窄。结论: 对常规介入治疗失败或预期难以实施常规介入治疗的极度严重钙化病变,冠脉内旋磨预处理后均能完成支架植入术,旋磨后植入药物洗脱支架短中期疗效良好。     

冠状动脉旋磨术在老年人冠状动脉钙化病变介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨冠状动脉旋磨术治疗老年人冠状动脉钙化病变的有效性及安全性。方法对32例冠心病患者的钙化病变进行冠脉内旋磨术、冠脉球囊扩张及冠脉支架术,观察患者的冠脉钙化病变改变、手术成功率、围术期并发症及临床随访结果。结果 32例冠状动脉钙化病变患者的33处钙化病变处接受冠状动脉旋磨术治疗,手术成功率为96.88%,结合经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)共植入74枚支架。围术期无急性心肌梗死、心源性死亡、冠脉穿孔、出血及急诊冠脉旁路移植术(CABG)等并发症。1例发生心脏停搏,1例发生心室颤动,经相应药物等治疗后均恢复窦性心律。对患者进行12个月的随访,无1例再发心绞痛,无1例发生主要心血管事件。结论冠状动脉旋磨术联合PCI术治疗老年人的冠状动脉钙化病变安全、有效。     

冠状动脉内旋磨术联合支架术治疗严重钙化病变的疗效及随访研究

目的评价冠状动脉(冠脉)内旋磨术联合支架术治疗严重钙化病变的疗效及中期随访结果。方法对21例冠心病患者的严重钙化病变行冠脉内旋磨术及支架术治疗,6例患者在血管内超声的引导下进行,观察其治疗的即刻成功率及6个月的随访结果。结果行冠脉内旋磨术的21例患者,冠脉造影结果均为В2、C型严重钙化病变。旋磨头均成功通过了病变,15例(71.4%)病例仅选择1.25mm的旋磨头,3例(14.3%)病例仅选择1.5mm旋磨头,3例(14.3%)病例使用了2个旋磨头。全部病例均联合应用经皮冠脉血管成形术(PTCA),19例(90.5%)在旋磨术后置入支架。2例(9.5%)在术中发生冠脉痉挛;1例(4.8%)发生无血流现象;无冠脉穿孔、死亡、急性心肌梗死及急诊冠脉旁路移植术(CABG)。对15例患者进行了术后6个月的冠脉造影随访,有2例(13.3%)发生支架内再狭窄。结论冠脉内旋磨术联合支架术治疗严重钙化病变,去除钙化斑块增大管腔,提高了严重钙化病变的经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)成功率。     

冠状动脉旋磨术在冠心病钙化病变介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨冠状动脉旋磨术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析12例行冠状动脉旋磨术结合冠状动脉球囊成形术和支架植入术的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者的临床资料,着重分析手术方法、手术成功率、术后随访主要心血管事件(包括心源性死亡、心肌梗死、靶病变血运重建)的发生率。结果 12例患者共有16处钙化病变,有15处钙化病变行冠状动脉旋磨术,管腔狭窄由术前的87%±10%减少至42%±9%,结合冠状动脉球囊成形术,共植入18枚国产药物支架,手术成功率为93.75%(15/16)。1例因血管严重扭曲,球囊扩张后出现冠状动脉夹层,植入支架失败,建议行外科冠状动脉旁路移植术。术中均无主要并发症(包括心源性死亡、Q波心肌梗死、急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术)发生。所有患者随访(8.4±3.6)个月,有2例再发心绞痛,无主要心血管事件(包括心源性死亡、心肌梗死、靶病变血运重建)发生。5例患者复查冠状动脉造影,有1例出现支架内再狭窄30%。结论冠状动脉旋磨术联合球囊扩张和支架植入术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变可取得很高的手术成功率,是治疗钙化病变安全、有效的方法。     

冠状动脉旋磨术在复杂病变介入治疗中的应用

目的 :探讨冠状动脉旋磨术 (Rotationalatherectomy)治疗复杂冠脉病变的策略及效果。方法 :对 79例患者的 86处病变行冠脉旋磨治疗 ,观察其治疗的即刻成功率及并发症率。结果 :79例施行冠状动脉旋磨术的患者 ,旋磨头均成功地通过了病变 ,手术成功率为 96 .2 0 % (76 79) ,平均狭窄程度由87 4%± 8.78%降至 14.6 %± 10 .89%。其中 5 9.49%的病例选择了 1.5mm的旋磨头 ,2 7.88%的病例使用了二个旋磨头。全部病例均联合应用了冠脉球囊扩张术 ,12例在行旋磨术后置入冠脉内支架。 6例患者术中发生较严重的冠脉痉挛 ,经冠脉内给予硝酸甘油后缓解 ;9处 (10 .47% )病变出现了B型以上的内膜撕裂 ,出现无血流或缓慢血流现象发生率为 3.8%。 1例患者术后发生急性Q波心肌梗塞 ,无急诊冠脉搭桥及死亡病例。结论 :冠状动脉旋磨术可选择性用于复杂冠状动脉病变 ,尤其是严重钙化病变 ,小血管长节段病变     

血管内超声指导下对冠状动脉严重钙化病变行旋磨介入治疗疗效评估

目的评估血管内超声（IVUS）指导下冠状动脉旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架（DES）治疗严重钙化病变的疗效。方法 13例冠状动脉严重钙化患者在IVUS指导下行冠状动脉旋磨及支架置入术,评估手术即刻成功率、术后管腔最小直径、最小直径狭窄率、管腔有效面积变化及随访结果。结果 13例中,单支病变1例（7.7%）,双支病变3例（23.1%）,三支病变6例（46.2%）,左主干＋三支病变1例（7.7%）,左主干病变2例（15.4%）。术前、术后肌钙蛋白T、肌酸激酶同工酶与肌酸酐比较,差异无统计学意义。靶血管管腔最小直径由术前（2.0±0.3）mm增大至术后的（3.6±0.8）mm,直径狭窄率由术前的（74.5±6.8）%减少至术后的（20.3±12.5）%,管腔有效面积由术前的（4.0±1.4）mm2增大至术后的（10.7±5.5）mm2,差异均有统计学意义。即刻手术成功率100%,术后随访期间无心绞痛再发、心肌梗死及靶血管再次血运重建。结论 IVUS指导下冠状动脉旋磨术联合DES可安全用于冠状动脉严重钙化病变患者,提高了介入手术的成功率。     

光学相干断层成像指导下冠状动脉旋磨成形术联合药物洗脱支架治疗严重钙化病变临床观察

目的评价光学相干断层成像（OCT）指导下经皮冠状动脉旋磨成形术联合药物洗脱支架（DES）治疗严重钙化病变的疗效。方法 13例冠状动脉严重钙化患者在OCT指导下行冠状动脉旋磨成形术及支架置入术,评价病变特点及手术即刻成功率、术后管腔直径、有效管腔面积变化。结果 13例入选患者三支病变7例（53.8%）,双支病变5例（38.5%）,单支病变1例（7.7%）。OCT图像分析显示钙化病变长度为（24.7±15.2）mm,钙化病变弧度为（236.7±46.3）度。靶病变管腔直径由术前（1.96±0.57）mm增加至术后（3.12±0.34）mm,有效管腔面积由术前（3.37±1.62）mm2增加至术后（7.24±2.76）mm2,差异均有统计学意义。支架贴壁不良10例（76.9%）。手术即刻成功率为100%。结论应用OCT指导冠状动脉旋磨成形术联合DES置入治疗严重钙化病变安全有效。     

旋磨联合支架治疗31例严重钙化冠状动脉的临床特点分析

目的　评估严重钙化冠状动脉行旋磨联合药物洗脱支架的临床疗效。方法　通过回顾性分析31例因严重钙化冠状动脉行旋磨介入治疗的患者,其中13例在血管内超声（IVUS）指导下进行,分析其临床特点,观察手术即刻成功率、住院期间及长期心血管事件随访结果。结果　31例患者平均年龄71.81±10.70岁,其中男性22例,女性9例,经造影证实为严重钙化冠状动脉,其中造影证实单支病变2例（6.5%）,双支病变7例（22.6%）,三支病变15例（48.4%）,左主干＋三支病变1例（3.2%）,左主干病变6例（19.4%）。旋磨靶血管中左主干-左前降2例（6.5%）,左前降支22例（70.9%）,左回旋支2例（6.5%）,左前降支＋左回旋支1例（3.2%）,右冠状动脉4例（12.9%）。术中需主动脉球囊反搏保护1例（3.2%）,冠状动脉夹层6例（19.4%）,慢血流2例（6.5%）,但31例患者均成功实施了旋磨及支架植入术,术前、术后血肌钙蛋T、血清肌酸激酶同工酶、血肌酐无统计学差异。13例（41.9%）在IVUS指导下进行,患者术前、术后管腔最小直径、最小直径狭窄率、管腔有效面积有显著差异,分别为2.0±0.3　mm比3.6±0.8　mm、74.5%±6.8%比20.3%±12.5%、4.0±1.4　mm²比　10.7±5.5　mm²（P＝0.000）,平均随访10.4±6.4个月,随访期间无心绞痛、急性心肌梗死、心源性猝死、靶血管再次血运重建事件发生。结论　冠状动脉内旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架治疗严重钙化病变可以去除或减轻钙化斑块、增大管腔,最终提高严重钙化病变介入治疗的成功率。     

斑块旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架置入术治疗冠状动脉弥漫性严重钙化病变的近期效果分析

目的探讨斑块旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架置入术治疗冠状动脉弥漫性严重钙化病变的手术安全性和近期效果。方法回顾性分析2011年1月1日至2016年5月31日在北京大学人民医院因冠状动脉严重钙化病变行斑块旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架置入术的109例冠心病患者,共114处病变,其中28例患者在术中行血管内超声检查。按钙化病变的长度分为弥漫性钙化病变组(钙化病变长度≥25 mm,68例、72处病变)和局限性钙化病变组(钙化病变长度25 mm,41例、42处病变)。分析两组患者病变及手术特点、手术成功率、并发症及住院期间主要不良心血管事件(MACE,包括心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死和支架内血栓形成)的发生情况。结果弥漫性钙化病变组钙化病变长度[(38.2±11.0)mm比(15.0±4.9)mm,P0.001]、旋磨次数[(6.17±1.61)次比(4.02±1.20)次,P0.001)]、置入支架数[(2.31±0.78)枚比(1.60±0.70)枚,P0.001]显著大于局限性钙化病变组,差异有统计学意义;与局限性钙化病变组相比,弥漫性钙化病变组手术即刻成功率(98.5%比100%,P=0.453)、并发症发生率(41.2%比34.1%,P=0.673)、住院期间MACE发生率(41.2%比31.7%,P=0.484)相当,差异均无统计学意义。结论注意手术操作的规范性、采取恰当的措施预防和处理术中并发症,可以安全地对冠状动脉弥漫性严重钙化病变进行斑块旋磨术并置入药物洗脱支架,手术即刻成功率及近期效果满意。     

旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架治疗老年冠状动脉钙化病变临床随访结果

目的旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架(DES)治疗老年冠状动脉钙化病变的安全性及有效性研究。方法回顾性分析在解放军总医院行冠状动脉旋磨术联合药物洗脱支架治疗的老年冠心病钙化病变患者143例。分析术中技术特点,术前术后造影和血管内超声资料、术中即刻并发症及患者院内和术后1年累积主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)发生率及影响因素。结果旋磨术联合DES治疗老年冠状动脉钙化病变手术成功率为97.2%,随访1年累积MACCE发生率为13.3%,左主干病变(HR:7.249,95%CI:1.501~35.459,P=0.014)、非计划性旋磨(HR:9.466,95%CI:2.219~40.375,P=0.002)、LVEF40%(HR:0.064,95%CI:0.011~0.385,P=0.003)、球囊后扩张(HR:0.232,95%CI:0.069~0.785,P=0.019)、支架后狭窄面积(HR:0.538,95%CI:0.374~0.774,P=0.001)。与支架置入前比较,支架置入术后狭窄直径显著增大,直径狭窄率显著减小,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论旋磨联合DES治疗老年冠状动脉钙化病变手术成功率高,长期随访临床效果较好。     

国产雷帕霉素长支架临床应用与疗效评价

目的评价国产雷帕霉素长支架对弥漫性长病变的疗效与安全性。方法选择2006年6月至2008年2月长海医院347例冠心病患者,并根据置入支架数目分组为单个支架组（22-36mm）及重叠支架组（〉36mm）;根据置人支架长度分4组：22-36mm、37-59mm、60-80him和〉80mm组。观察支架置入后对分支血管的即刻影响、术后心电图变化和术后1周内心肌肌钙蛋白的变化,并且随访术后的临床症状和主要不良心血管事件（MACE）。结果①总的手术成功率达98．9％,总的急性并发症发生率为6．1％。住院期间MACE发生率达14．1％,30d内MACE发生率5．4％。②重叠支架组（〉36mm）术后肌钙蛋白I（TNI）显著高于单个支架组（22-36mm）：6．0％比1．1％（P〈O．05）;住院期间MACE发生率也明显高于单个支架组：11．6％比5．6％（P〈0．05）;30d内MACE发生率差异无统计学意义。③支架长度〉60mm组发生围手术期并发症及MACE事件明显高于22-36mm组（P〈0．05）,其余组问差异无统计学意义。结论国产雷帕霉素药物支架治疗弥漫性长病变即刻及近期疗效可靠、安全。重叠支架组及置入支架长度〉60mm明显增加术后心肌损伤标志物释放,增加围手术期非Q波心肌梗死的发生率及住院期间MACE事件发生率。     

高频旋磨在冠状动脉钙化病变中的应用：单中心经验

目的 回顾性分析复旦大学附属中山医院心内科行冠状动脉内高频旋磨术患者临床资料,评估冠状动脉内高频旋磨术的安全性及短期、长期预后.方法 连续入选复旦大学附属中山医院自2001年2月至2013年9月行冠状动脉内旋磨术的患者共77例,分析术前及术后冠状动脉造影资料,收集临床信息,并通过门诊及电话随访评估其预后.结果 手术成功率为93.5％,住院期间不良临床事件发生率为3.9％,其中心肌梗死1例（1.3％）,再次介入治疗及外科旁路移植治疗3例（3.9％）;1年随访发现,严重不良心脑血管事件发生率（MACCE）为13.0％,其中急性心肌梗死（MI）发生率为1.3％,靶病变血运重建（TLR）率为9.1％,心源性死亡率为3.9％;在中位时间为1 042 d的长期随访中发现,MACCE发生率为18.2％,其中MI为3.9％,TLR为10.4％,心源性死亡率为5.2％,根据Kaplan-Meier估测长期无MACCE生存率为（53.5＆#177;14.4）％.将置入裸金属支架（BMS）患者除外后,置入药物洗脱支架（DES）患者1年MACCE为4.8％,其中TLR为1.6％,长期随访MACCE为12.9％,TLR为4.8％.结论 冠状动脉内高频旋磨术后置入支架的手术成功率高,其中置入DES患者的短期及长期预后均较好.     

Safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention using rotational atherectomy and new-generation drug-eluting stents for calcified coronary artery lesions in patients with chronic kidney disease

AimCoronary artery calcification is an important factor influencing revascularisation outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lesion preparation using rotational atherectomy (RA) may help adequately modify calcified plaques and facilitate the achievement of optimal clinical outcomes in these patients. In this study, we assessed the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using RA followed by new-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in patients with CKD and calcified coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods and resultsFrom November 2014 to October 2019, a total of 203 patients with calcified CAD who underwent RA followed by second- or third-generation DES implantation at our centre were included in the study. Mild, moderate, and severe CKD was present in 38%, 55.5%, and 6.5% of the patients, respectively. Diffused coronary calcifications were present in 85%. Procedural success was 97.5% with minimal periprocedural complications. In-stent restenosis occurred in one patient (0.5%); major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were reported in 22 patients (10.8%); cardiac death occurred in eight patients during follow-up.ConclusionPercutaneous coronary intervention using RA followed by second- or third-generation DES implantation is feasible and safe with high procedural success and low in-stent restenosis in CKD patients with calcified coronary lesions.     

Safety and feasibility of orbital atherectomy for the treatment of calcified coronary lesions

Objective: The ORBIT I trial evaluated the safety and performance of an orbital atherectomy system (OAS) for the treatment of de novo calcified coronary lesions. Background: Severely calcified coronary arteries pose an ongoing treatment challenge. Stent placement in calcified lesions can result in stent under expansion, malapposition, and procedural complications. OAS treatment may change calcified lesion compliance to reduce procedural complications and facilitate stent placement. Methods: The ORBIT I trial, a prospective, nonrandomized study, was conducted in two centers in India. Fifty patients with de novo calcified coronary lesions were enrolled. Patients were treated with the OAS followed by stent placement. Results: The average age of the patients was 57.4 years and 90% were male. Mean lesion length was 13.4 mm. The average number of OAS devices used per patient was 1.3. Device success was 98%, and procedural success was 94%. The cumulative major adverse cardiac event rate was 4% in‐hospital (two non–Q‐wave myocardial infarctions), 6% at 30 days (one additional non–Q‐wave myocardial infarction leading to target lesion revascularization), and 8% at 6 months (one additional event of cardiac death). Angiographic complications were observed in seven patients (six dissections and one perforation). Conclusion: The ORBIT I trial suggests that the OAS may offer an effective method to change compliance of calcified coronary lesions to facilitate optimal stent placement in these difficult to treat patients. A larger trial is required to establish safety and overall effectiveness of the OAS in treating calcified coronary lesions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Treatment Strategies for Long and Calcified Lesions

This study discusses the treatment strategies used to approach long lesions, lesions in small vessels, and calcified lesions. Traditional treatment strategies for these lesion subtypes have yielded high acute complication rates and poor long-term outcome. A prospective analysis of 160 lesions was performed using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided PTCA for the treatment of long lesions and lesions in small vessels, while a retrospective analysis of 106 calcified lesions was performed that were treated with the combination of rotablation and stenting. Acute and short-term results of TVUS guided PTCA with spot stenting show a 30-day major adverse cardiac event rate (MACE) of 5% with a high procedural success rate (96%), while the long-term outcome resulted in an agiographic restenosis rate of 17.4% and a target lesion revascularization rate of 13%. The combination of rotablation and stenting also rendered results in calcified lesions of a 93% angiographic success rate and a long-term outcome of restenosis of 22.5%. Optimal coronary stenting after rotational atherectomy in calcified lesions can be performed with a high success rate, an acceptable rate of procedural complications, and a low rate of stent thrombosis. This approach was associated with a low incidence of angiographic restenosis compared with results obtained with other interventional approaches. IVUS guided PTCA with spot stenting allows safe treatment of long lesions and lesions in small vessels. Short-term and long-term outcomes including 6-month MACE and angiographic restenosis appear to be better than results achieved in historical controls that utilize balloon angioplasty alone or stents in a manner where the lesion is covered from the proximal normal segment to the distal normal segment.     

Aggressive Plaque Modification with Rotational Atherectomy and/or Cutting Balloon before Drug‐Eluting Stent Implantation for the Treatment of Calcified Coronary Lesions

Introduction: Calcified coronary lesions may be associated with stent underexpansion, malapposition, and high rates of restenosis. The use of drug‐eluting stents (DES) in such lesions has not been fully addressed in the major trials. We sought to examine the outcomes of patients who were treated with plaque modification (PM) to facilitate DES implantation. Methods: We analyzed 164 calcified coronary lesions in 145 consecutive patients who underwent aggressive PM with either rotational atherectomy (RA) and/or cutting balloon (CB) before DES implantation. CB was used in moderate calcified lesions and RA alone or followed by CB in severe calcified lesions. Results: Patients were 68.7 ± 10.1 years old, 47% were diabetic, 34% had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50%, and 39% had 3‐vessel disease. Ninety‐five percent of lesions were classified as B2/C, 100% as moderately/severely calcified. PM was achieved by using CB in 57% and by RA alone or followed by CB in 43%. In 100%, a DES was implanted. There was no failure to deliver a stent. At 15 ± 11 months follow‐up, the overall major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate was 9.6% (3.4% cardiac death, 2.3% myocardial infarction, and 3.4% target lesion revascularization [TLR]). The only independent predictor of MACE was LVEF ≤50% (odds ratio 3.88; 95% confidence interval: 1.15–13.1; P = 0.03). The incidence of stent thrombosis (ST) was 2.1%. There were no significant differences in MACE and TLR based on the type of PM used. Conclusions: In this population at high risk of restenosis, aggressive PM by CB and/or RA before DES implantation provides excellent mid‐term outcomes with only 3.4% TLR and 2.1% ST. (J Interven Cardiol 2010;23:240–248)     

Comparison of rotational atherectomy and modified balloons prior to drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of heavily calcified coronary lesions

The optimal strategy for lesion preparation in heavily calcified coronary lesions (HCCL) prior to drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation remains debatable. This study sought to compare the performance of rotational atherectomy (RA) and modified balloon (MB)-based strategy in patients with HCCL receiving current-generation DES.This retrospective study comprised 564 consecutive patients who underwent RA (n = 229) or MB (n = 335) for HCCL at our hospital and were treated with DES. Baseline clinical and angiographic data was obtained from our database. Patients were clinically monitored for the occurrence of any adverse events during the hospitalization. One-year follow-up was conducted by either telephone contact or outpatient visits. 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the baseline covariates. After PSM, the clinical outcomes between the 2 groups were compared.After PSM, except more target lesion in right coronary artery existing in the RA group (P = .008), no significant statistical differences were shown in regard of the other angiographic and procedural characteristics of the 2 groups. Strategy success rates were all 100% in both groups. In the unadjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis, participants with RA had a significantly lower risk of target lesion revascularization (TLR) (hazard ratio, HR 0.275, 95% confidence intervals, CI 0.119–0.635, P = .003) and major adverse cardiac event (MACE) (HR 0.488, 95% 0.277–0.859, P = .013). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, RA was significantly associated with TLR (HR 0.32, 95% 0.12–0.853, P = .023), but no longer significantly associated with MACE (HR 0.674, 95% 0.329–1.381, P = .282).In patients with HCCL, lesion preparation with RA was safe and could improve strategy success rate. There was lower rate of TLR with RA, however, no significant difference was found in the MACE rate at 1-year follow-up between RA and MB-based strategy.     

靶病变浅表性钙化对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的影响

目的探讨冠状动脉靶病变浅表性钙化对介入操作及疗效的影响。方法连续收集61例冠心病患者（61处靶病变）,根据血管内超声（IVUS）检测冠脉靶病变钙化情况分为浅表性钙化组和非浅表性钙化组,对比两组之间介入操作特点、经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）术后临床及影像学特征。结果浅表性钙化29例,非浅表性钙化32例。浅表性钙化组面积狭窄率大于非浅表性钙化组[（75．70±7．11）％VS（68．78±5．56）％,P=0．019];前者术后支架对称性及支架膨胀指数明显小于后者[（0．85±0．06）US（O．90±0．02）,P=0．016;（0．68±0．14）w（0．82±0．10）,P=0．021]。浅表性钙化组术后最小支架直径[（2．51±0．43）w（2．76±0．29）mm]、最小支架面积[（5．86±1．82）VS（6．73±1．40）miTl气相对管腔获得[（1．26±0．68）坩（1．37±0．72）]趋于小于非浅表性钙化组,但差异未发现统计学意义。两组术中术后并发症差异无统计学意义。所有患者无院内主要不良心脏事件发生。结论冠状动脉靶病变浅表性钙化可能较非浅表性钙化对支架的充分扩张及对称性影响更大。     

旋磨与球囊预扩张治疗冠状动脉重度钙化病变的疗效分析

目的研究旋磨与球囊预扩张后植入药物支架对治疗冠状动脉钙化病变的疗效。方法选取接受PCI治疗的冠状动脉重度钙化患者,按随机数字表法分为行旋磨术后支架植入(旋磨组,32例)和球囊预扩张支架植入(对照组,40例),对其进行前瞻性随机对照研究,比较两组治疗特征、围手术期并发症,分析6个月内主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)的危险因素。结果旋磨组平均支架直径显著大于对照组[3.25(3.00,3.50)mm比3.00(2.81,3.25)mm,P=0.002]。旋磨组球囊预扩张次数、预扩张最大压力、球囊后扩张次数和后扩张最大压力均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。旋磨组术后管腔直径大于对照组[(3.34±0.28)mm比(3.15±0.27)mm,P=0.005]。旋磨组手术即刻成功率(96.9%)大于对照组(92.5%),总MACCE发生率(9.4%)低于对照组(22.5%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PCI手术史[危险比(RR)为1.155(95%CI 0.030~0.691,P=0.015)]及球囊预扩张最大压力[危险比(RR)为2.326(95%CI 0.721~0.988,P=0.035)]是6个月内MACCE发生的独立危险因素。结论SYNTAX评分为23~32分的冠状动脉重度钙化病变,旋磨术有提高手术即刻成功率、降低短期不良事件的趋势,PCI手术史、球囊预扩张最大压力是6个月内MACCE发生的独立危险因素。