Video Decompression Estimation and Playout Scheme Over the Internet

This paper examines problems associated with display of live continuous media. Under the assumption that the network cannot guarantee the required bounds on delay and jitter and the operating system scheduling is non-realtime, there is a need to accommodate the delay and jitter in the end systems in order to maintain a desirable Quality of Service (QoS). We propose a method of video playback which requires accurate estimation of display cycle time of video frames and the delay suffered by frames in the packet network. We apply various deterministic forecasting methods used in time series analysis on experimental data collected from video transmission. Suitable methods are recommended for display cycle time and delay estimation.     

Design and Experimental Evaluation of an Adaptive Playout Delay Control Mechanism for Packetized Audio for Use over the Internet

We describe the design and the experimental evaluation of a playout delay control mechanism we have developed in order to support unicast, voice-based audio communications over the Internet. The proposed mechanism was designed to dynamically adjust the talkspurt playout delays to the traffic conditions of the underlying network without assuming either the existence of an external mechanism for maintaining an accurate clock synchronization between the sender and the receiver during the audio communication, or a specific distribution of the audio packet transmission delays. Performance figures derived from several experiments are reported that illustrate the adequacy of the proposed mechanism in dynamically adjusting the audio packet playout delay to the network traffic conditions while maintaining a small percentage of packet loss.     

存储视频带宽平滑算法的研究比较

文章综述了存储VBR视频带宽平滑的各种算法,比较了这些算法的各自特点,归纳、形式化了这些算法模型的更一般化表示。     

Frame Selection for Dynamic Caching Adjustment in Video Proxy Servers

By caching video data, a video proxy server close to the clients can be used to assist video delivery and alleviate the load of video servers. We assume a video can be partially cached and a certain number of video frames are stored in the proxy server. In our setting, the proxy server is allowed to cache the passing data from the video server. A video provides several options (levels) in terms of bandwidth requirement over the server-proxy path. For each video, the proxy server decides to cache a smaller amount of data at a lower level or to accumulate more data to reach a higher level. The proxy server can dynamically adjust the cached video data by choosing an appropriate level based on the network condition or the popularity of the video. We propose a frame selection scheme, Dynamic Chunk Algorithm, to determine which frames are to be cached in the proxy server for the dynamic caching adjustment scenario. The algorithm guarantees the rate constraint over the server-proxy path to be satisfied for each level. This approach also maintains the set of cached frames at a higher level as a superset of the cached frames at a lower level. Hence, it enforces the proxy server to simply cache more data without dropping frames when it intends to reduce network bandwidth consumption for a video and vice versa.     

VBR视频流磁盘I/O的平滑调度算法

文章将带宽平滑技术引入磁盘 I/ O调度 ,基于现已取得的研究成果 ,考虑磁盘 I/ O存取特性 ,提出一个针对VBR视频检索的整数块平滑调度算法 .算法所得的结果被证明是优化的 ,实验结果显示该算法在磁盘空间和磁盘 I/ O的带宽利用方面有很好的性能     

Presto—A System Environment for Mission-Critical Multimedia Applications

Summarized in this report is a multiphased R and D program, presto, conducted for developing a multimedia system environment to support a variety of mission-critical applications. The concepts, software design, and system prototype developed during the first phase of the program are presented. In particular, the work on real-time scheduling, multimedia storage and retrieval, and application programming model is described. The major results of the presto Phase I program are a set of new techniques and system software for QoS- and criticality-based, adaptive multiresource management, raw-I/O-based continuous multimedia file management, and data flow-oriented programming with integrated real-time scheduling support.     

An Algebraic QoS-Based Resource Allocation Model for Competitive Multimedia Applications

A new class of multimedia applications require new mechanisms to consider various Quality of Services with respect to resource constraints so that they could support reliable services and utilize available resources optimally. In this paper we present a new analytical and generic resource management model that is QoS-based. The approach for resource allocation and relevant algorithms is based on a mathematically proved model that manages resource and QoS allocation intelligently so that the total system utility of is maximized. We use the constructs of application benefit functions and resource demand functions to represent the system configuration and to solve the resource allocation problems. Extensive surveys on the related work including systematic and analytical approaches are also presented.     

Real-Time Disk Scheduling for Multimedia Applications with Deadline-Modification-Scan Scheme

Real-timedisk scheduling (RTDS) is important for time-critical multimediaapplications. In conventional approaches of real-time disk scheduling,such as SCAN-EDF, the seek-optimizing SCAN scheme is appliedto reduce the disk service time of the real-time EDF schedule.Since only tasks with the same deadline are seek-optimized, theobtained improvement of SCAN-EDF is limited. In this paper, basedon the maximum-scannable-group (MSG) concept, a deadline-modification-scan (DMS or DM-SCAN) algorithm is proposed.Our algorithm uses MSG to automatically decide the suitable taskgroups for seek-optimizing. Based on the MSG concept, we repeatedlyapply DMS to further increase disk throughput to support moretasks. We have implemented the proposed algorithm on UnixWare2.01. The appropriate problem behaviors and parameter valuesto yield good solutions are investigated. Experiments show thatDMS is better than conventional approaches in both the obtaineddisk throughput and the supported tasks. Moreover, our proposedapproach can schedule task sets that are not schedulable by EDFand SCAN-EDF.     

基于多媒体的过程化演示教学法在C语言教学中的应用

介绍了过程化演示教学方法及其在C语言教学中的应用。该教学方法以灵活应用知识为目的,首先设计问题,给出问题求解算法的伪代码和知识点应用的要求。借助于多媒体对求解算法进行逐步编程、分步演示、逐步细化、采用单步运行,进行测试和调试,对基础理论的正确性和应用方法进行过程化的演示和验证。通过由浅入深的分析讲解,使学生加深对基础知识的理解,掌握其应用方法和编程技巧,加强思维能力和应用知识能力的培养。     

面向矿山监管的无人机视频关键帧影像动态提取方法

为满足对露天煤矿违法开采实时监测需求,提出了一种基于无人机瞬时航飞速度的视频关键帧影像动态提取方法。首先对无人机采集的视频影像进行预处理,提取视频影像中无人机瞬时飞行速度、飞行航高等信息;然后基于提取的相关信息加权化处理并结合相机参数进行计算,得出抽取关键帧所需的动态间隔,再对关键帧时间间隔进行加权和阈值约束处理,提取出关键帧的动态时差。实例验证表明,采用该方法提取的关键帧影像进行矿区三维重建,在保证三维场景的同时有效提高了数据处理速度,且比等时差法用时缩短了近5倍,显著提高了三维重建的效率。     

Quality of Service Support for Multimedia Applications in Third Generation Mobile Networks Using Adaptive Scheduling

Third generation mobile network will support services such as video-telephony, video-conferencing and other multimedia applications. Therefore, this network must provide quality of service (QoS) to these applications consistent with that offered by fixed networks. However, this is a very challenging task due to the instability of the wireless channel and the diverse quality of service requirements dictated by different multimedia applications. In this paper we introduce a resource allocation algorithm for the wireless downlink that takes into account the wireless channel characteristics, the QoS required by the applications as well as a pricing value function. Our solution is based on an adaptive scheduling algorithm originally developed for scheduling real-time processes during transient surges. This algorithm tends to maximize the wireless network operator profit while satisfying the customers' quality requests.