树脂担载金催化剂催化氧化羰化胺制对称二脲

树脂担载金催化剂可以高效、高选择性地催化氧化羰化胺制取对称二脲。例如,在使用苯胺作为反应物时,其转化频率达到了1475,选择性达到了99%。此反应中不需要加入其它溶剂,避免了溶剂引起的污染问题,同时催化剂与反应体系易分离,能够得到高纯度的产物。     

常压下电化学催化羰化直接合成异氰酸酯

近 2 0多年来 ,异氰酸酯的非光气合成方法一直受到人们的关注 [1] .采用 CO与硝基化合物羰化直接合成相应的异氰酸酯在理论上完全可行 [2 ] ,但由于异氰酸酯本身在所采用的高温、高压反应条件下很不稳定 ,实际产率很低 ,CO在醇存在下与硝基化合物催化还原羰化 [3 ,4 ] ,或与有机胺在氧气存在下催化氧化羰化 [5,6] 生成相应的化学性质较稳定的氨基甲酸酯 ,再将氨基甲酸酯通过高温热裂解生成异氰酸酯[7,8] .该反应在高温、高压下进行 ,条件较苛刻 ,因此探索在较温和的条件下实现直接合成异氰酸酯的途径是目前该领域中很具有挑战性的研究课题…     

温和条件下电催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯

 在常温常压下研究了CO2的电化学活化及其与环氧丙烷反应合成碳酸丙烯酯,考察了支持电解质对碳酸丙烯酯产率的影响. 结果表明,含有Br-的支持电解质对合成碳酸丙烯酯起到明显的催化效果. 在实验研究基础上,对反应机理进行了初步推测,认为Mg2+起到路易斯酸的作用并与环氧丙烷的氧原子配位,同时Br-作为亲核试剂进攻环氧丙烷的 C-O 键使其断裂开环,形成的中间物与CO2还原产生的活化物质结合形成碳酸丙烯酯.     

胺烷基二茂铁环钯化反应研究

通过一系列实验探讨了胶组分的电子效应与空间结构、反应的投料比、体系的温域等因素对反应的影响．发现了违反Cope准则的现象，阐明了胶组分的电子效应和空间结构、体系的酸碱度和体系的温域是决定生成坏钯化产物的重要因素．     

胺氧化羰基化合成脲的研究进展

CO是一种廉价、丰富且有用的C1分子,将其作为羰基源参与胺氧化羰基化反应是有机化学中一类重要的反应.近年来,采用胺氧化羰基化合成脲类化合物的技术路线备受关注.我们综述了催化剂参与的胺氧化羰基化合成脲类化合物的研究现状,还对胺氧化羰基化反应的发展趋势进行了展望.     

有机金配合物催化羰化胺制甲酰胺

Au(PPh3)2Cl,[Au(PPh3)]2S等有机金配合物催化羰化脂肪族二胺制相应二酰胺显示出非常好的活性,与同一类的有机钯催化剂相比,具有更好的催化转化能力和选择性。实验结果还表明适量分子氧的引入对反应有明显的促进作用。     

扩链剂对脂肪族聚氨酯脲和聚脲弹性体结构与性能的影响

用异佛尔酮二胺(IPDA)、乙二胺(EDA)和己二胺(HDA)三种扩链剂合成了不同结构的脂肪族聚氨酯脲和聚脲, 并考察了扩链剂对聚氨酯脲和聚脲形态结构与性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 与EDA和HDA扩链的聚氨酯脲和聚脲相比, IPDA扩链的聚氨酯脲和聚脲中脲羰基的氢键化程度较低, 软段和硬段间的相混合程度较好; 同时它们具有更好的拉伸强度、硬度和撕裂强度, 但断裂伸长率较低. EDA和HDA扩链的聚氨酯脲和聚脲相比, 两者性能相差不大. 聚氨酯脲的脲羰基较完善氢键化程度以及整个氢键化程度都比聚脲的要低, 同时聚氨酯脲的吸水率也较低.     

Pd（OAc）2／[mmim]I催化体系催化胺氧化羰化合成氨基甲酸酯、脲和2-噁唑啉酮

采用Pd(OAc)2/[mmim]I催化体系,在不同反应条件下可以将烷基胺、芳香胺及氨基醇(酚)一步转化为氨基甲酸酯、脲和2-噁唑啉酮.N-苯基氨基甲酸甲酯、二苯基脲及苯并-2-噁唑酮的催化转化频率分别为12417,17638和4114h-1.     

胺烷基二茂铁环钯化物的合成与结构表征

研究了胺烷基二茂铁衍生物与Na2PdCl4的反应，合成了四个环钯化物和一个钯配合物，非总结了产物的红外光谱（IR）及核磁共振（1HNMR）光谱的特征和规律。     

Pd(Oac)2/[mmim]I催化体系胺氨化羰化合成氨基甲酸酯、脲和 2-(噁)唑啉酮

采用Pd(Oac)2/[mmim]I催化体系,在不同反应条件下可以将烷基胺、芳香胺及氨基醇(酚)一步转化为氨基甲酸酯、脲和 2-口恶唑啉酮. N-苯基氨基甲酸甲酯、二苯基脲及苯并-2-口恶唑酮的催化转化频率分别为 12 417, 17 638 和 4 114 h-1.     

四氟乙烯齐聚体的反应 III: 四氟乙烯四聚体与脂族胺以及烷氧亲核试剂的反应

3, 4-Bis (trifluoromethyl)-perfluorohexene-(3) (1) reacted with diethylamine to give the 1-N, N-diethylamino-2-pentafluoroethyl -3-trifluoromethyl-perfluoropentene-(1)(2), which was easily hydrolyzed to the corresponding N, N-diethyl-2-penta-fluoroethyl- 3-trifluoromethyl-perfluoropenteno-(2)-amide (3). When compound 1 was allowed to react with n-butyl amine at 40-50`C, the 2,3,4-tris(trifluoromethyl)-4-pentafluoroethyl-1-n-butyl-aza- cyclobutene-(2) (5) was obtained as the main product and at-30-40`C, 3,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-n-butylamino-perfluorohexene-(2) (4) as the main product. The isomers 3, 4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-allyloxy-perfluoro-hexen-(2) (6) and 2-pentafluoroethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-3-allyloxy-perfluoropentene-(1)(7) were formed when 1 was reacted with sodium allyl alcoholate.     

How transient photoconductivity reveals significant features of the reduction of ground-state aromatic ketones by amino-alkyl radicals through a thermal electron-transfer process

The rate constants kred of the thermal electron-transfer reaction between several aminoalkyl radicals and two ground-state aromatic ketones, benzophenone (BP) and thioxanthone (TX), were measured by nanosecond transient photoconductivity in acetonitrile. The kred values were strongly at variance from those expected from the free energy change Gred of the reaction within the framework of the Marcus' theory of electron transfer. Moreover, addition of small amounts of water in acetonitrile strongly enhanced kred and the ion quantum yield. These results were rationalized by invoking a 1 : 1 complex formation between amino-alkyl radicals and water, and semi-empirical AM1 calculations were used to sustain this explanation.     

Synthesis of ene-allenes via palladium-catalyzed hydride-transfer reaction of propargylic amines under mild conditions

The palladium-catalyzed allene transformation reaction from propargylic amines proceeded in the presence of Pd₂(dba)₃·CHCl₃ (5 mol %) and (C₆F₅)₂PC₂H₄P(C₆F₅)₂ (10 mol %) in CHCl₃ at room temperature to give the corresponding allenes in good to high yields. Dicyclohexyl groups substituted on the nitrogen of propargylic amines were found to be effective for the current transformation and the conjugated ene-allenes 4 were synthesized from the corresponding propargylic amines 3 under mild conditions.     

Synthesis of carbamoyl azides from primary amines and carbon dioxide under mild conditions

Treatment of amines under a carbon dioxide atmosphere with tetramethylphenylguanidine (PhTMG) and diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) in acetonitrile below 0 degrees C provides carbamoyl azides in high to excellent yields. In addition, epimerization is not observed when optically pure alpha-amino esters are used as substrates.     

固-液相转移催化羰基化合成丙二酸二乙酯

本文首次以四乙基碘化铵为固-液相转移催化剂, 在常温常压下对氯乙酸乙酯进行催化羰基化反应, 定量合成了丙二酸二乙酯, 并讨论了各种因素对反应收率的影响。     

Synthesis of five- and six-membered cyclic guanidines by guanylation with isothiouronium iodides and amines under mild conditions

Cyclic guanidine hydroiodides were obtained in one step by the reactions of isothiouronium iodides with an equimolar amount of various amines in tetrahydrofuran. The obtained hydroiodides were neutralized with sodium hydroxide or anionic exchange resin to afford the corresponding substituted cyclic guanidines in quantitative yields.     

Bismuth triflate-catalyzed mild and efficient epoxide opening by aromatic amines under aqueous conditions

Bismuth triflate catalyzes the ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines under aqueous conditions. The reaction proceeds rapidly and affords the corresponding β-amino alcohols in excellent yields.     

Direct hydrogenation of amides to alcohols and amines under mild conditions

The selective, direct hydrogenation of amides to the corresponding alcohols and amines with cleavage of the C-N bond was discovered. The expected products of C-O cleavage are not formed (except as traces in the case of anilides). The reaction proceeds under mild pressure and neutral, homogeneous conditions using a dearomatized, bipyridyl-based PNN Ru(II) pincer complex as a catalyst. The postulated mechanism involves metal-ligand cooperation by aromatization-dearomatization of the heteroaromatic pincer core and does not involve hydrolytic cleavage of the amide. The simplicity, generality, and efficiency of this environmentally benign process make it attractive for the direct transformations of amides to alcohols and amines in good to excellent yields.