工业糖化酶固态发酵木薯渣制取单细胞蛋白饲料的研究

木薯是广西的主要经济作物之一,主要用于生产淀粉,其副产物木薯渣中仍残留大量淀粉,弃之会造成浪费和环境污染.本研究旨在探索一条利用木薯渣的新途径.以木薯渣为原料,利用工业糖化酶和产朊假丝酵母(Candida utilis)固态发酵,制取单细胞蛋白饲料.结果表明:通过高压灭菌预处理物料效果较好;氮源的添加量分别为:尿素3%,硫酸铵6%;通过单因素正交实验得最佳工艺条件为:糖化酶用量为4%,含水量为70%,发酵时间72 h,酵母接种量10%.粗蛋白质含量由底物的11.59%提高到产物的28.28%,提高了16.69个百分点.与其它方法比较,本方法利用工业糖化酶,发酵过程易于控制,不需要选育淀粉分解菌,使培养成本降低,具有一定的工业应用潜力.     

水生植物生产单细胞蛋白饲料的可行性分析

在河涌污染治理过程中会产生大量的水生植物,通过微生物培养将这些水生植物转化为富含单细胞蛋白（菌体蛋白）的动物饲料,就能变废为宝,在消除环境污染的同时提高资源的利用效率。有机废弃物生产单细胞蛋白技术受原料、菌种和生产工艺等三方面因素的影响。在综述该技术研究和应用成果的基础上,从三个方面分析了水生植物生产单细胞蛋白饲料的可行性。     

生物工程单细胞蛋白制造

<正> 当今世界正面临着三大问题,即粮食问题,能源问题和环境问题。生物工程和这三个问题息息相关,并可为解决上述问题发挥出重要的作用。开发单细胞蛋白,正是利用生物工程方法解决人类食物问题的一条重要途径。所谓单细胞蛋白,也叫微生物蛋白,实际上是由各种氨基酸组成的复合物,最早是用酵母菌来进行生产的。早在本世纪初,人们就把酵母作为食用蛋白质而加以利用了,一     

半纤维素蒸汽爆破水解物抽提及其发酵生产单细胞蛋白工艺

对蒸汽爆碎麦草中的半纤维素水解物抽提进行了研究,半纤维素水解物抽提液糖浓度达到87．6g／L,水抽提液中90％为木糖．利用半纤维素水解物抽提液,在2L全自动机械搅拌发酵罐中进行重复补料发酵实验,菌体干重达45g／L,生产率为4．4g／（L·h）,并在2L全自动发酵罐中进行了高密度发酵－薄膜浓缩－直接喷雾干燥工艺探索．     

废酒糟生产精甘油的研究

利用废渣糟，经过糖化，发醇和离子交换法提纯除发等工艺，生产出精甘油，取得了初步结果。     

废酒糟提取复合甘油的研究

本文利用废酒糟,经过糖化、发酵、化学及物理方法提纯除杂等工艺的多次试验,提取复合甘油,取得了初步结果。     

废酒糟提取复合甘油的研究

本文利用废酒糟，经过糖化、发酵、化学及物理方法提纯除杂等工艺的多次试验，提取复合甘油，取得了初步结果。     

废液全循环工艺中副产物积累对自絮凝酵母生长和乙醇发酵的影响

在单级搅拌式生物反应器中,以双酶法制备的玉米糖化液为底物,进行了废糟液全循环条件下自絮凝颗粒酵母乙醇连续发酵实验. 每隔3 d将收集到的发酵液集中精馏处理,得到的废糟液直接用于玉米粉调浆. 实验装置连续运行25 d. 结果表明,乙酸、乳酸、丙酸、糠醛和2-苯乙醇随废糟液循环不断积累,其中丙酸积累最明显,浓度可达2.7 g/L,是唯一超过临界抑制浓度的副产物. 通过摇瓶添加实验测得上述5种副产物对酵母细胞生长和乙醇发酵的最小抑制浓度分别为3, 20, 1.5, 2和1.5 g/L,丙酸与2-苯乙醇及糠醛与2-苯乙醇之间的协同效应最强.     

混菌固态发酵豆渣生产菌体蛋白的研究

对以豆渣为原料,利用混菌固态发酵技术生产菌体蛋白饲料工艺进行了研究。通过L9(3^4)正交试验考察了培养基组成、接种物配比、初始pH值以及培养温度等因素的影响。结果表明：当培养基组成为豆渣：麸皮=8：2,接种物配比为黑曲霉：绿色木霉：啤酒酵母：产朊假丝酵母=1：1：1：3,调节初始pH值5．5,32℃培养72h,豆渣粗蛋白质含量达到28．47％。     

Single-Circulating Tumor Cell Whole Genome Amplification to Unravel Cancer Heterogeneity and Actionable Biomarkers

The field of single-cell analysis has advanced rapidly in the last decade and is providing new insights into the characterization of intercellular genetic heterogeneity and complexity, especially in human cancer. In this regard, analyzing single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is becoming particularly attractive due to the easy access to CTCs from simple blood samples called “liquid biopsies”. Analysis of multiple single CTCs has the potential to allow the identification and characterization of cancer heterogeneity to guide best therapy and predict therapeutic response. However, single-CTC analysis is restricted by the low amounts of DNA in a single cell genome. Whole genome amplification (WGA) techniques have emerged as a key step, enabling single-cell downstream molecular analysis. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in WGA and their applications in the genetic analysis of single CTCs, along with prospective views towards clinical applications. First, we focus on the technical challenges of isolating and recovering single CTCs and then explore different WGA methodologies and recent developments which have been utilized to amplify single cell genomes for further downstream analysis. Lastly, we list a portfolio of CTC studies which employ WGA and single-cell analysis for genetic heterogeneity and biomarker detection.     

液态混菌发酵豆渣生产多酶菌体蛋白的研究

利用黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger)、绿色木霉(Trichodermaviride)、啤酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)和产朊假丝酵母(Candiautilis)等菌种,对液态混菌发酵豆渣生产多酶菌体蛋白饲料工艺进行了研究。结果表明当培养基主辅物料质量比为豆渣∶麸皮∶豆粉=8∶2∶0.5,初始pH值为5.5,菌种体积配比为黑曲霉∶绿色木霉∶啤酒酵母∶产朊假丝酵母=1∶1∶1∶3,在32℃下培养72h,豆渣粗蛋白质含量达到29.2%,滤纸酶活为182.7IU/g(干产品),而且产品有啤酒的醇香。     

全程式生物化学实验教学模式的应用初探

为提高教学质量,加强学生科研能力,对传统的生物化学实验教学模式进行了改革,让学生全程参与实验,提高了学生综合素质。     

猪血鸡粪混合饲料的制备

对猪血、鸡粪废弃物的蛋白质进行开发再利用,通过在一定温度、湿度、pH的条件下对鸡粪采用类人工瘤胃发酵方式以改变其营养价值,增强适口性并与防腐、除嗅处理后的猪血及小量玉米相混合制成富含蛋白质、铁、锌等微量元素的动物饲料。     

Protein Dynamics: From Molecules,to Interactions,to Biology

Proteins have a remarkably rich diversity of dynamical behaviors, and the articles in this issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences are a testament to that fact. From the picosecond motions of single sidechains probed by NMR or fluorescence spectroscopy, to aggregation processes at interfaces that take months, all time scales play a role. Proteins are functional molecules, so by their nature they always interact with their environment. This environment includes water, other biomolecules, or larger cellular structures. In a sense, it also includes the protein molecule itself: proteins are large enough to fold and interact with themselves. These interactions have been honed by evolution to produce behaviors completely different from those of random polymers.     

From Protein Structure to Function via Computational Tools and Approaches

The three-dimensional structures of proteins are often considered fundamental for understanding their function. Yet, because of the complexity of protein structure, extracting specific functional information from structures can be a considerable challenge. Here, we present selected approaches and tools that we have developed to study and connect protein sequence, structure, and function spaces. First, we consider a global perspective of structure space and view the protein data bank (PDB) as a database. We highlight challenges in searching protein structure space and in using the PDB as the starting point for computational structural studies. Then we describe a function-oriented view and show examples of how multiple protein structures can be used to extract insights about the function and specificity of proteins at the family level.