首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 71 毫秒
1.
 腐蚀失效是压力管道失效的主要形式之一,研究腐蚀管道的可靠性具有重要理论意义和应用价值.在对腐蚀管道可靠性分析时,概率可靠性模型和模糊可靠性模型对于数据信息的要求较高.而在掌握不确定性信息很少情况下,为了充分利用管道的不确定性信息弥补原始数据的不足,可将腐蚀管道可靠性分析中的材料屈服强度、管道直径、缺陷深度和操作压力等不确定参数视为区间变量,基于区间模型建立一种在役腐蚀管道动态非概率可靠性模型,给出了腐蚀管道剩余寿命预测的简便方法.结合工程实例计算与分析,表明了文中所提出方法的可行性和合理性,并在此基础上,分析了管道的壁厚、缺陷深度、实际压力和腐蚀速率这些区间变量的不同变异系数对非概率可靠性指标的影响,分析结果表明非概率可靠性指标对管道壁厚的变异系数最为敏感.  相似文献   

2.
 为研究重型车侧翻特性,建立准静态侧翻的系统理论计算模型,导出其侧倾力臂h和整车等效轮距B的理论计算公式,分析了各主要参数的影响,并以某重载搅拌车为例,计算了其准静态侧翻阀值,同时针对该车极限稳态回转试验,进行了防侧翻支架设计,并利用稳态回转试验,对理论计算模型及支架结构进行验证.试验结果表明:理论计算所得的准静态侧翻阀值与试验结果相吻合,所设计的防侧翻支架可以准确有效地进行车辆侧翻的预警和保护,达到了预期的设计目标.  相似文献   

3.
 为了研究井下移动式破碎机在破碎头受随机载荷作用下垂直方向的振动特性、探究其工作可靠性低的原因,通过假设与简化,根据多体动力学理论,建立了其动力学模型和垂直方向的运动方程,运用虚拟激励法推导了破碎机垂直向振动响应的数学模型.以国产某型井下移动式破碎机为研究对象,分析确定了破碎头冲击岩石时的随机载荷,运用MATLAB语言程序,得到该破碎机在高位时受随机载荷作用下破碎头、支臂与机身在垂直方向的随机振动响应.结果表明:在载荷峰值为375 kN、均值为186 kN、频率为10 Hz的随机激励作用下,该机各部振幅峰值与均值分别为:破碎头:0.0125 m,0.007 25 m;支臂:0.010 m,0.006 57 m;机身:0.006 1 m,0.003 62 m,可见各部振动比较剧烈.破碎头振动和波动最大,支臂次之,机身最小,与实际情况相符.当各部件振幅达最大时,破碎头、支臂与机身的低频与固有频率接近,容易发生共振,这是导致机器振动剧烈,引起零部件、元器件失效,使用寿命下降的主要原因.所得结论为改进移动式破碎机设计、采取合理的减振措施、延长破碎机使用寿命提供参考.  相似文献   

4.
 为了优化压缩机的制冷量、功率、噪音和寿命,以研究无升程限制器的吸气阀运动规律为目标,确立数值模拟和物理试验相互佐证寻求最佳阀片结构的基本思路.将制冷剂的流动场和阀组构成的结构场耦合起来模拟阀片的运动,利用ADINA流固耦合模块(fluid-structure interaction,FSI),基于流体质量、动量、热量守恒定律和平板振动模型,得到了吸气过程中的阀片位移、缸内压力、吸气速度及阀片与阀座接触力的时程变化曲线.分析了阀片设计参数对其动态响应的影响,发现减小厚度可以优化压缩机性能,根据最大有效流通面积准则,得到了WS75YV型号压缩机的吸气阀最小即最优厚度.欧拉坐标系下制冷剂的速度分布及气缸内温度随时间的变化过程的模拟结果表明,压缩机吸气过程存在过热现象.采用第二制冷剂量热计法测量压缩机的制冷量、电机功率和其比值(coefficient of performance,COP),对比压缩机性能的理论和模拟计算值,证明流固耦合模拟方法可行,基于此对压缩机进行设计和优化是可靠的.  相似文献   

5.
 建立了含驾驶室的商用车十自由度整车数学模型,对安装了驾驶室有限带宽主动悬置的商用车进行模糊控制系统设计,该控制系统全面考虑了驾驶室质心处垂直、俯仰、侧倾方向振动,并采用遗传算法对模糊控制器增益因子进行优化.以积分白噪声随机路面输入作为激励进行振动仿真,仿真结果表明采用本文设计的驾驶室有限带宽主动悬置模糊控制系统相对全浮式悬置系统有效降低了驾驶室质心垂直、俯仰和侧倾加速度,一定程度上提高了商用车行驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性.  相似文献   

6.
 以渐开线齿廓几何模型为基础,结合开源程序和类库,在Windows平台上开发了齿轮辅助几何设计程序.简要介绍了国内外学者针对齿轮几何模型的建立和基于gnuplot的数据可视化模块设计的研究概况.针对计算模块的程序实现,推导并给出全齿廓的曲线参数方程.用C编写计算模块,在gnuplot的基础上编写数据可视化模块.两模块以纯文本方式传递数据,通过管道传递指令.以Windows API的方式建立窗口程序过程,并为程序设计了图形用户界面.用CxImage库替代picture控件,解决png格式设计结果图片的显示问题.这里将计算机程序设计技术融入传统机械设计理论,并借鉴众多开源软件和函数库,开发的辅助机械设计软件提升了机械设计效率和水平.  相似文献   

7.
 随着以低碳经济为核心的产业革命逐渐出现,产品的低碳设计与制造已成为企业提升竞争力的重要因素之一.从机电产品碳足迹分布出发,提出了一种基于碳足迹分布的机电产品低碳创新设计方法.通过建立机电产品结构属性分层模型,以材料利用率、回收率和拆卸等级作为机电产品的碳排放属性,采用层次分析法探索碳排放分布的规律.根据得到的碳排放分布情况确定产品低碳设计要素,根据创造性模板法对低碳设计要素进行改进,实现对机电产品的低碳创新设计.最后以磨咖啡机为例证明了方法的实用性和可行性.  相似文献   

8.
 为了分析A11VO190恒功率轴向柱塞泵滑靴副的摩擦特性,建立了剩余压紧力滑靴的数学模型.在考虑由热膨胀引起的热楔力和由阶梯结构引起的动压效应的基础上,根据空间力系平衡原理,利用软件Matlab计算滑靴在排油区的动态特性,得到滑靴在斜盘不同位置的油膜厚度.在此基础上推导出滑靴副摩擦功率损失和泄漏功率损失的计算公式,并对比不同负载压力和主轴转速对油膜厚度和功率损失的影响.结果表明:负载压力增大,油膜厚度减小,功率损失增加;转速增大,油膜厚度增大,功率损失也随之增加.  相似文献   

9.
 为解决数字图形界面态势感知(SA)难以被客观评测的问题,根据界面作业所需完成的操作任务,提出新的实验流程和范式,采用行为实验和脑电实验相结合的新技术路线,以脑电反馈负波、反应时和正确率三个评价指标分别来衡量SA的“感知性、理解性和可判断性”,为SA的客观评价方法研究提供了新思路和新方法.以战机界面为例,通过22名被试者对空空对战任务进行实例验证.结果表明:通过分析脑电反馈负波呈现实验的客观数据,可实现对SA感知性的评价;通过对界面任务反应时和正确率的对比分析,能实现对SA可理解性和可判断性的评测,从而实现对数字图形界面SA的客观综合评价.  相似文献   

10.
 研究利用质量功能配置进行产品规划时确定技术特征优先度的问题,提出先分别利用质量屋中主观和客观信息进行赋权计算、再加权集成的组合赋权法.主观赋权中,考虑多名决策者参加多粒度多语义的情况,使用语言加权平均算子与语言混和集成算子集结群体评估信息,体现数据本身及其所在位置的重要性;客观赋权中,以区间数形式表示无法明确的技术特征值,将含有区间数的技术竞争性数据转化为目标相离度矩阵,然后使用熵值法赋权.综合集成结果既反映了专家的经验判断,又反映了对现实数据的逻辑推理,实现了主观和客观的协调统一.  相似文献   

11.
    
Approximate Markov chain method for dynamic fault tree analysis is suggested for both reparable and non‐reparable systems. The approximation is based on truncation, aggregation and elimination of Markov chain states during the process of dynamic fault tree transformation to corresponding Markov chain. The method is valid for small probabilities. For reparable systems, it is true if mean time to repair is much less than mean time to failure. Several examples are studied. Additional simplification is considered in case the system is in a steady state. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
The theories of fault trees have been used for many years because they can easily provide a concise representation of failure behavior of general non-repairable fault tolerant systems. But the defect of traditional fault trees is lack of accuracy when modeling dynamic failure behavior of certain systems with fault-recovery process. A solution to this problem is called behavioral decomposition. A system will be divided into several dynamic or static modules, and each module can be further analyzed using binary decision diagram (BDD) or Markov chains separately. In this paper, we will show a very useful decomposition scheme that independent subtrees of a dynamic module are detected and solved hierarchically. Experimental results show that the proposed method could result in significant saving of computation time without losing unacceptable accuracy. Besides, we also present an analyzing software toolkit: DyFA (dynamic fault-trees analyzer) which implements the proposed methodology.  相似文献   

13.
While the event-tree (ET)/fault-tree (FT) methodology is the most popular approach to probability risk assessment (PRA), concerns have been raised in the literature regarding its potential limitations in the reliability modeling of dynamic systems. Markov reliability models have the ability to capture the statistical dependencies between failure events that can arise in complex dynamic systems. A methodology is presented that combines Markov modeling with the cell-to-cell mapping technique (CCMT) to construct dynamic ETs/FTs and addresses the concerns with the traditional ET/FT methodology. The approach is demonstrated using a simple water level control system. It is also shown how the generated ETs/FTs can be incorporated into an existing PRA so that only the (sub)systems requiring dynamic methods need to be analyzed using this approach while still leveraging the static model of the rest of the system.  相似文献   

14.
    
Petri nets are a powerful technique widely used in the modeling and analysis of complex manufacturing systems and processes. Due to their capability in modeling the dynamics of the systems, Petri nets have been combined with fault tree analysis techniques to determine the average rate of occurrence of system failures. Current methods in combining Petri nets with fault trees for system failure analysis compute the average rate of occurrence of system failures by tracking the markings of the Petri net models. The limitations of these methods are that tracking the markings of a Petri net represented by a reachability tree can be very complicated as the size of the system grows. Therefore, these methods offer less flexibility in analyzing sequential failures in the system. To overcome the limitations of the current methods in applying Petri nets for system failure assessment, this paper expands and extends the concept of counters used in Petri net simulation to perform the failure and reliability analysis of complex systems. The presented method allows the system failures to be modeled using general Petri nets with inhibitor arcs and loops, which employs fewer variables than existing marking‐based methods and substantially accelerates the computations. It can be applied to real system failure analysis where basic events can have different failure rates. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
简述了大型星载展开天线结构系统的结构概况、特点以及可靠性研究的必要性;分八个子专题对其可靠性方面的研究工作进行了梳理和综述;对大型星载展开天线结构系统提出了从发射运载、展开锁定到在轨服役三个阶段中应开展的全过程、多状态的综合可靠性研究内容和方法;最后对星载展开天线结构系统提出了未来可靠性研究中亟待解决的问题。  相似文献   

16.
为有效提高指控装备故障诊断效率,将故障树分析法引入到故障检测专家系统的推理机制中,把指控装备中复杂的诊断分解为多个相对独立的故障树,建立基于故障树的专家系统诊断模型。通过对被测对象信号描述及适配器描述工具和诊断流程输入工具的开发,可快速完成对被测对象的需求信号和故障树的配置。通过仿真表明,该方法诊断效率高,能够快速地定位故障单元,准确率高,具有较高的实用性。  相似文献   

17.
    
This paper studies the effect of the dependence state between basic events (BEs) on fault tree analysis (FTA) when the probabilities of events are characterized by interval values. The well-known Frèchent bounds are extended for modeling six different types of dependence states between BEs. Three indices, called average dependence effect (ADE), location effect (LE) and size effect (SE), are defined for evaluating the effect of the dependence states between BEs on the probability of top event (TE) and identifying influential and non-influential dependence states. Then, the proposed method is applied to fault tree (FT) examples, thereby explaining the dependence problem in FTA. To further verify the practicability of the method, FTA of the unilateral asymmetric movement failure of an aircraft flap mechanism is performed. The results show that: (i) the opposite and negative dependence contribute to the reliability of a parallel system while the perfect and positive dependence reduce it, (ii) the perfect and positive dependence contribute to the reliability of a series system while the opposite and negative dependence reduce it, and (iii) parallel systems are more reliable than series systems regardless of the dependence between BEs.  相似文献   

18.
空分设备故障树分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用故障树分析(FTA)法对国产某空分设备进行了可靠性分析,建立了空分设备的故障树。利用自编的故障树分析程序,对故障树进行定性和定量分析,获得了空分设备的可靠性参数和可靠性信息,为产品的可靠性设计和可靠性增长提供了依据。  相似文献   

19.
    
Health data are collected dominantly through sensors mounted on different locations in the system. Optimization of sensor network has a significant influence on the reliability of system health prognostics process. In this research, the effect of sensors reliability is studied on their placement optimization. Sensors are considered in this study as components in system failure model. This study is aimed to use ‘Priority AND’ gate for evaluating the effect of time dependencies of sensors as well as components failure on the optimal sensor placement. Because of that, PAND gate is added to the fault tree between all sensors and their corresponding components to develop the failure model of each sensor placement scenario. For calculating the probability of top event, a Monte Carlo‐based algebraic approach is proposed. In algebraic approach, temporal operator ‘BEFORE’ is proposed for calculating the probability of ‘PAND’ gate. The result of using ‘BEFORE’ operator is an analytical solution for probability of each cut sequence. Because of the complexity of analytical solution in practical problems, a Monte Carlo simulation is utilized on the solution in this research. Then the probability of each cut sequence is calculated. Consequently, the probability of top event for each scenario is obtained. Finally, all scenarios are ranked based on top event probabilities. As a case study, optimization of sensor placement has been demonstrated on steam turbine and results are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

20.
Posbist fault tree analysis of coherent systems   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
When the failure probability of a system is extremely small or necessary statistical data from the system is scarce, it is very difficult or impossible to evaluate its reliability and safety with conventional fault tree analysis (FTA) techniques. New techniques are needed to predict and diagnose such a system's failures and evaluate its reliability and safety. In this paper, we first provide a concise overview of FTA. Then, based on the posbist reliability theory, event failure behavior is characterized in the context of possibility measures and the structure function of the posbist fault tree of a coherent system is defined. In addition, we define the AND operator and the OR operator based on the minimal cut of a posbist fault tree. Finally, a model of posbist fault tree analysis (posbist FTA) of coherent systems is presented. The use of the model for quantitative analysis is demonstrated with a real-life safety system.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号

京公网安备 11010802026262号