电弧离子镀沉积Cr-O-N活性扩散阻挡层

采用电弧离子镀技术在NiCoCrAlY涂层与高温合金基材DSM11间沉积不同成分的Cr-O—N薄膜作为扩散阻挡层，研究了900℃下氧化1400h后DSM11／Cr—O—N／NiCoCrAlY体系中Cr-O-N层阻挡合金元素互扩散的行为以及阻挡层对涂层氧化动力学曲线的影响．结果表明，Cr-O-N层在高温氧化过程中生成与涂层和基材有良好结合的富Al氧化物层，可以阻挡DSM11基体与NiCoCrAlY涂层间的元素互扩散，起到活性阻挡层的作用；Cr-O-N层中。和N含量影响生成富Al氧化物层的连续性和致密性，从而影响其阻挡元素互扩散的性能．几种成分的Cr-O-N活性扩散阻挡层对NiCoCrAlY涂层900℃下的高温氧化性能都有一定的改善作用，改善程度与阻挡层阻挡合金元素互扩散的程度保持一致．     

电弧离子镀沉积Al(Cr)-O-N扩散阻挡层的研究

采用电弧离子镀方法在高温合金DSM11基材上沉积Al-O-N和Cr-O-N薄膜，研究了不同O2，N2流量对薄膜相结构的影响以及高温下DSM11／NiCoCrAlY，DSM11／Al-O-N／NiCoCrAlY和DSM11／Cr-O-N／NiCoCrAlY体系的元素互扩散行为。实验结果表明，Al(Cr)-O-N薄膜均为多晶膜，分别具有α-Al2O3 六方AlN和Cr2O3 CrN的相结构，随着N2，O2流量的改变，两相的相对含量发生变化。在1050℃下氧化100h后，Al-O-N层阻挡基体与涂层间元素互扩散的作用优于Cr-O-N层。扩散阻挡层对涂层的氧化动力学影响不大。     

N5基体与NiCrAlY粘结层界面元素互扩散行为研究

采用EB-PVD技术在镍基合金ReneN5基体表面沉积NiCrAlY粘结层,并对试样进行1000℃不同时间的恒温氧化处理,通过SEM、EDS、XRD研究了基体与粘接层界面元素互扩散行为和反应区的形成机制。结果表明:在1000℃条件下,NiCrAlY粘结层中的Al、Cr元素会向N5基体扩散,形成以β-NiAl和α-Cr相为主的互扩散反应区;而N5基体中的Ni元素则会向NiCrAlY粘结层扩散,形成以γ′-Ni_3Al相为主的二次反应区和以难熔金属为主的TCP相。     

渗铝及扩散处理对电弧喷涂层结合强度的影响

利用电弧喷涂技术、渗铝和扩散处理工艺,在铸铁表面制作了具有微冶金结合的18-8不锈钢耐热耐蚀涂层.采用光学显微镜,SEM及X射线衍射等方法,对经过不同渗铝和扩散处理工艺得到的涂层的组织形貌,相结构及成分进行了分析研究.并采用热疲劳试验对渗铝和扩散处理后涂层的结合强度进行评价.结果表明,通过渗铝和扩散处理,涂层与基体之间产生了微冶金结合,涂层的结合强度得到了显著提高.并且渗铝时间过长不利于提高涂层结合强度,应合理控制渗铝时间.     

(NiCoCrAlYSiB+AlSiY)复合涂层热腐蚀行为的研究

采用电弧离子镀（AIP）技术在镍基单晶高温合金基体上制备了NiCoCrAlYSiB涂层（普通涂层）和（Ni-CoCrAlYSiB+AlSiY）复合涂层,研究了高温合金基体与2种涂层分别在900和700℃下的涂盐（Na₂SO₄+K₂SO₄和Na₂SO₄+NaCl）热腐蚀行为.结果表明:高温（900℃）热腐蚀条件下,基体合金表面主要生成NiO;普通涂层表面主要生成Cr₂O₃,而且涂层内部出现内氧化和内硫化现象;复合涂层表面主要生成Al₂O₃,外层出现程度较轻的内氧化,涂层表层Al含量仍然较高,维持表面Al₂O₃膜的形成和修复.低温（700℃）热腐蚀条件下,基体合金表面主要生成NiO;普通涂层表面主要生成Cr₂O₃,涂层内部出现严重的内氧化;复合涂层表面也出现了内氧化,高Cr的内层未受腐蚀,有助于提高涂层的抗腐蚀性能.     

(NiCoCrAlYSiB+AlSiY)复合涂层热腐蚀行为的研究

采用电弧离子镀（AIP）技术在镍基单晶高温合金基体上制备了NiCoCrAlYSiB涂层（普通涂层）和（Ni-COCrAlYSiB+AlSiY）复合涂层,研究了高温合金基体与2种涂层分别在900和700℃下的涂盐（Na₂SO₄+K₂SO₄和Na₂SO₄+NaCl）热腐蚀行为.结果表明:高温（900℃）热腐蚀条件下,基体合金表面主要生成NiO;普通涂层表面上要生成Cr₂O₃,而且涂层内部出现内氧化和内硫化现象;复合涂层表面主要生成Al₂O₃,外层出现程度较轻的内氧化,涂层表层Al含量仍然较高,维持表面Al₂O₃膜的形成和修复.低温（700℃）热腐蚀条件下,基体合金表面主要生成NiO;普通涂层表面主要生成Cr₂O₃,涂层内部出现严重的内氧化;复合涂层表面也出现了内氧化,高Cr的内层未受腐蚀,有助于提高涂层的抗腐蚀性能.     

电弧离子镀Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si-B涂层的热腐蚀性能

采用电弧离子镀技术在DZ125和DSM11两种镍基高温合金基材上沉积Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si-B涂层,研究了高温合金基材及其Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si-B涂层在900℃的75％Na2SO4+25％K2SO4熔盐中的热腐蚀行为.结果表明,Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si-B涂层在热腐蚀过程中生成了连续致密的α-Al2O3氧化膜,有效地保护了合金基材免受腐蚀破坏,合金基材的热腐蚀性能对体系后期的热腐蚀行为影响很大.     

空心阴极电弧镀NiCrAlY涂层的抗氧化性能

采用空心阴极电弧离子镀技术制备NiCrAlY涂层,研究涂层的高温抗氧化性能。结果表明涂层组织致密,与合金结合状态良好。电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层在1 100℃恒温氧化100h后增重只有2.22mg/cm2,在100次循环氧化后仍没有失重现象,其抗恒温氧化和抗循环氧化性能远优于成分相近的超音速火焰喷涂、爆炸喷涂和大气等离子喷涂的NiCrAlY涂层。电弧离子镀NiCrAlY涂层在恒温氧化和循环氧化过程中表面均形成了连续致密、粘附性的氧化铝保护膜。氧化膜没有翘起和剥落现象,涂层组织在氧化后仍然完整致密。热喷涂NiCrAlY涂层在上述氧化过程中则生成了保护性较差的Ni、Cr和Al混合氧化物,并发生了氧化膜剥落,同时有严重的内氧化现象。     

电弧离子镀沉积NiCrAlY涂层的阻尼性能

本文采用电弧离子镀沉积NiCrAlY涂层,探讨NiCrAlY涂层作为阻尼涂层的可行性并研究涂层的阻尼测试方法和阻尼特性。本文采用X射线衍射和扫描电镜等手段分别对涂层的物相结构、表面形貌以及化学成分进行了测试表征。而涂层阻尼的测试则采用动态机械分析仪和正弦扫频的方法进行,实验结果表明NiCrAlY涂层能明显提高样品的阻尼性能。     

扩散处理对离子镀铝TiAl合金高温氧化性能的影响

利用多弧离子镀技术在TiAl合金表面制备纯铝层,分别进行720℃×2 h、780℃×2 h和840℃×2 h高温扩散处理,采用SEM、EDS和XRD分析了扩散铝层的微观组织及其相组成,并测试了不同扩散热处理工艺对合金高温氧化性能的影响.结果表明:随着扩散温度升高,镀铝扩散层厚度不断增加,扩散层由表及里形成Al2O3/TiAl3/TiAl2的结构特征,且内部Al元素浓度呈梯度分布;镀铝经扩散处理后的TiAl合金在850℃空气中的氧化速度主要受扩散层元素与基体元素之间的热扩散过程控制.氧化动力学曲线呈对数变化规律.当扩散工艺为840℃×2 h时,镀铝扩散层具有优良的抗高温氧化性能.     

Evaluation of aluminide diffusion coatings for thermal cyclic oxidation protection of a nickel‐base superalloy

Active element modified aluminide diffusion coatings on IN738 substrates were produced by a new route using continuously cast, aluminum alloy wires consisting of Al‐Y, Al‐Ce, Al‐La and Al‐Si‐Y. The cast wires were used as evaporation sources for ion‐vapour deposition followed by diffusion heat treatments to form nickel aluminide coatings. In order to examine the oxidation resistance of these coatings at elevated temperatures, thermal cyclic oxidation experiments were carried out in air at 1050°C. While all coatings were found to provide significant protection, the Al‐La modified coatings provided the greatest resistance to cyclic oxidation. On the other hand, with coatings based on Al‐Si‐Y alloys, while silicon has a strong ability to reduce the outward diffusion of aluminum, the adverse effect of silicon on mechanical properties of the coating, together with the formation of volatile silicon monoxide, led to catastrophic localized oxidation of the protective coatings.     

Oxidation behaviour of the alloy IC-6 and protective coatings

In this work, NiCoCrAlY coatings were deposited on a new Ni-base alloy, IC-6. The oxidation kinetic curves of alloy IC-6, K17 and NiCoCrAlY coatings on alloy IC-6 at 900-1100 °C were obtained. The results indicated that the oxide scales consisted of α-Al₂O₃, NiAl₂O₄, NiO, as well as a small amount of NiMoO₄ and MoO₂. These scales occurred after alloy IC-6 exposure at 900 °C for 100 h. The weight loss occurred when alloy IC-6 were exposed at 1050 and 1100 °C due to the formation of volatile MoO₃. After the NiCoCrAlY coating was deposited, the scales mainly contained α-Al₂O₃, when the specimens were oxidized at 900 °C, and α-Al₂O₃and Cr₂O₃ at 1050 °C. The formation of α-Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ scales on NiCoCrAlY coating was directly responsible for improving oxidation resistance of the alloy IC-6.     

钢领表面电弧离子镀TiAlCN薄膜

在低温(145℃)条件下,采用真空电弧离子镀技术在GCr15钢领表面制备TiAlCN薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子探针(EPMA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、附着力测试仪和显微硬度计分析测试薄膜形貌和性质。结果表明,负偏压较小,液滴尺寸大;负偏压过高,液滴脱落后留下很多凹坑,薄膜组织性能恶化。随着弧电流的增大,液滴发生细化。当弧电流为50A、负偏压为-100V和镀膜时间为50min时,薄膜的均匀性和致密性好,薄膜表面的液滴分布均匀且尺寸小,液滴最大尺寸小于2μm,膜层平均厚度为2.2μm,膜层中有Fe0.975Ti0.025(110)、Ti2N(112)和AlTi3(CN)0.6等多种物质的存在,改善了膜层的组织结构,薄膜的附着力达到最大值39.8N,薄膜的硬度达到最大值1 776HV0.01,显著提高了钢领的表面硬度。     

电弧离子镀NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织结构及初期氧化

采用XRD，SEM，TEM和光激发荧光谱等技术对电弧离子镀制备的NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织结构和初期氧化的机理进行了研究．结果表明，电弧离子镀方法沉积的NiCoCrAlY涂层具有纳米晶体结构，呈明显的层状生长．真空退火后涂层内的层状结构消失，涂层组织更致密，晶粒明显长大，有孪晶出现．涂层在真空退火后表面已经生成一层很薄的以α-Al2O3为主的氧化膜，在高温氧化过程中，涂层表面的亚稳态氧化物θ-Al2O3先增多，然后逐渐转变为稳态的α-Al2O3，并对其相关机理进行了探讨．     

Deposition of chromium aluminum nitride coatings by arc ion plating

Cr-Al-N ternary coatings were deposited by arc ion plating method using isolated Cr target and Al target. The influence of AlN content on the phase change was studied by synthesizing Cr1-xAlxN coatings with different x values. The effects of substrate negative bias on the surface morphology, deposition rate and phase structure were investigated. As the aluminum content increases, the structure of （Cr1-xAlx）N changes from Bl（NaCl） phase to B4（wurtzite） phase. The critical content of A1N solubilized in B 1 （NaCl） lattice is close to 0.7. With the increasing pulse negative bias, the deposition rate decreases constantly, the droplet contamination is more serious, the ion-etching effect on coating surface is more obvious, and the change of preferred orientation and the shift of XRD peak take place.     

热扩散处理电弧离子镀铝涂层的结构及其抗氧化性能

为了提高抗氢钢的抗高温氧化能力,采用电弧离子镀在抗氢钢上沉积Al涂层,通过高温热扩散处理,制备得铝基复合涂层。试验了不同温度对铝基复合涂层性能的影响,采用X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、X射线能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）等分别测试了涂层的成分、晶体结构及表面、剖面形貌,通过高温氧化试验测试了涂层的抗高温氧化性能。结果表明： 电弧离子镀Al涂层经热扩散处理后,剖面结构为分层分布,表层为Al2O3层,700 ℃处理后的厚度约0.7 μm,为非晶态;950 ℃处理后的厚度约为2.2 μm,为α相。内层为热扩散层,700 ℃形成成分含量不同的两层热扩散层,由FeNiAl5、FeAl3、Fe4Al13及Ni2Al3等多种富铝相组成;950 ℃形成热稳定相立方体的FeAl和NiAl相。     

Oxidation behavior of thermal barrier coatings with HVOF and detonation-sprayed NiCrAlY bondcoats

The high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) technology was employed to deposit the bondcoat of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) system. The isothermal oxidation rate at 1100 °C of the TBC system with the HVOF bondcoat is two times lower than that of the TBC system with the detonation-sprayed bondcoat. The better isothermal oxidation resistance of the TBCs with HVOF sprayed bondcoats demonstrates that unlike alumina dispersoids in the HVOF sprayed bondcoat, rough surface of the detonation-sprayed bondcoat is undesirable for the detonation-sprayed TBC system concerning oxidation due to a large specific surface area and unfavorable oxides on the bondcoat.     

C含量对电弧离子镀TiAlC_xN_(1-x)(x=0,0.18,0.41,0.49,0.69)薄膜性能的影响

在GCr15轴承钢基体上,利用多弧离子镀技术低温(175℃)沉积TiAl CN涂层。利用SEM、EPMA、XRD、附着力测试仪、纳米压痕仪和UMT-2高温摩擦磨损测试仪研究薄膜性质。结果表明,涂层表面光滑平整、均匀致密且无明显孔洞。涂层表面存在一定数量的液滴颗粒,薄膜厚度约为2μm。在涂层中,发现了晶体结构为fcc-Ti N结构,薄膜的晶粒大小为10~30 nm;随着薄膜中C元素的加入,XRD谱中(Ti0.5,Al0.5)N峰出现了宽化;在Ti Al N中引入C,附着力下降,随着涂层中C含量的增加,薄膜中的Al和Ti比例未发生明显变化,附着力略微增加,但硬度和弹性模量先增加后减小,摩擦系数一直减小。     

Diffusion limited behaviour of hydrophobised thin UV-curable nanocomposite coatings against model electrolyte

Two different approaches were used to modify a UV-curing resin based on polyester chemistry, namely molecular and nano-particular approaches. In the molecular approach a hydrophobic compound, glycidyl neodecanoate, was reacted with the resin and was fixed on the polymer backbone. In the nano-particular approach a nano-clay was used to modify the resin in a physical manner. The electrochemical properties of the coating films were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In all cases a broadening of the complex plane graph in the direction of real impedance axis was observed. It was necessary in all cases to incorporate a finite length warburg element into the equivalent circuit to account for this broadening effect. The presence of this element was attributed to an intermediate case of anomalous diffusion of charge carriers through the dense polymeric network of the UV-cured films. EIS investigations of the UV-cured films show that both molecular and nano-particular modifications cause the electrochemical properties of the film to remain constant for a longer immersion time compared to unmodified resin.