三种不同手术对屈光不正患者术后视觉质量及高阶像差的比较

目的：探讨飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)、角膜地形图引导LASIK(TG-LASIK)和飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)对屈光不正患者术后视觉质量及高阶像差的效果。

方法：纳入2019-12/2020-02本院屈光中心收治的296例586眼单纯近视或近视散光患者。在明确手术适应证的前提下,患者自行选择接受FS-LASIK、TG-LASIK、SMILE手术,其中FS-LASIK组95例189眼,TG-LASIK组104例205眼,SMILE组97例192眼。收集患者术前及术后6、12mo时视力、屈光度、角膜地形图、高阶像差及对比敏感度。

结果：术后6、12mo各组患者裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力及球镜度数、柱镜度数、等效球镜度数均优于术前(P<0.05),组间比较均无差异(P>0.05)。术后6、12mo TG-LASIK组角膜表面规则指数、表面非对称指数均显著低于SMILE组、FS-LASIK组(P<0.05); SMILE组、FS-LASIK组组间比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后6、12mo时FS-LASIK组总高阶像差、彗差、球差及术后6mo时三叶草像差高于TG-LASIK组、SMILE组(P<0.05); 术后6、12mo时SMILE组球差显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。术后6、12mo时TG-LASIK组在无眩光及有眩光时12.0、18.0c/d频率下对比敏感度显著高于SMILE组、FS-LASIK组(P<0.05)。

结论：FS-LASIK、TG-LASIK、SMILE三种手术均可获得较为满意的治疗效果,但TG-LASIK术后像差增加较小,角膜形态更规则,视觉质量更高。     

飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术治疗近视性屈光参差

目的：探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)治疗近视性屈光参差的临床效果。

方法：回顾性分析2021-01/2022-12于本院行SMILE或FS-LASIK治疗的近视性屈光参差患者76例146眼的临床资料,根据手术方式分为SMILE组(39例77眼)和FS-LASIK组(37例69眼)。比较两组患者术后1 wk,1、3 mo裸眼视力(UCVA)、屈光度、屈光参差度、角膜像差及术后并发症发生情况。

结果：两组患者术后UCVA均较术前改善,彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差均较术前显著增加(P<0.05),且FS-LASIK组患者彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差显著高于SMILE组(P<0.05)。随访至术后3mo,SMILE组术后并发症发生率显著低于FS-LASIK组(5.2% vs 15.9%,P<0.05)。

结论：SMILE与FS-LASIK均可有效提高近视性屈光参差患者UCVA,改善视觉质量,但SMILE术后角膜高阶像差更低、并发症发生率更小,整体效果更好。     

FS-LASIK与SMILE矫正近视术后角膜高阶像差的变化

目的　比较飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis，FS-LASIK）与小切口飞秒激光基质透镜切除术（small incision lenticule extraction，SMILE）术后角膜高阶像差的变化。方法　选取行FS-LASIK患者22例（22眼）及行SMILE患者30例（30眼）作为研究对象，测量并对比2种术式患者术前及术后1周、1个月的角膜波前像差。结果　FS-LASIK术后1周球差、倾斜三叶草分别为(0.517±0.193)μm、(0.096±0.146)μm，与术前相比均增大，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。FS-LASIK术后1个月球差、水平彗差、倾斜三叶草分别为（0.534±0.178)μm、（0.151±0.263)μm、（0.088±0.152)μm，与术前相比均增大，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。SMILE术后1周球差、倾斜三叶草分别为（0.361±0.189)μm、（0.017±0.147)μm，与术前相比均增大，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。SMILE术后1个月球差为（0.382±0.178)μm，与术前相比增大，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后1个月2组间球差、倾斜三叶草、总高阶像差均方根值差异均有统计学意义（t=3.043、2.647、2.391，均为P<0.05）。结论　FS-LASIK术后早期角膜高阶像差改变以球差、彗差、倾斜三叶草为主；SMILE术后早期角膜高阶像差改变以球差为主。FS-LASIK和SMILE术后早期球差、倾斜三叶草、总高阶像差有显著差异。     

Clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for myopia: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the possible differences in visual quality between small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: A Meta-analysis was performed. Patients were from previously reported comparative studies treated with SMILE versus FS-LASIK. The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Chinese databases (i.e. WANFANG and CNKI) were searched in Nov. of 2016 using RevMan 5.1 version software. The differences in visual acuity, aberration and biomechanical effects within six months postoperatively were showed. Twenty-seven studies including 4223 eyes were included. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between SMILE and FS-LASIK in terms of the proportion of eyes that lost one or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (P=0.14), the proportion of eyes achieving an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (P=0.43), the final refractive spherical equivalent (P=0.89), the refractive spherical equivalent within ±1.00 diopter of the target values (P=0.80), vertical coma (P=0.45) and horizontal coma (P=0.06). Compared with the FS-LASIK group, total higher-order aberration (P<0.001) and spherical aberration (P<0.001) were higher and the decrease in corneal hysteresis (P=0.0005) and corneal resistance factor (P=0.02) were lower in the SMILE group. CONCLUSION: SMILE and FS-LASIK are comparable in efficacy, safety and predictability for correcting myopia. However, the aberration in the SMILE group is superior to that in the FS-LASIK group, and the loss of biomechanical effects may occur less frequently after SMILE than after FS-LASIK.     

[In Press] Clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for myopia: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the possible differences in visual quality between small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: A Meta-analysis was performed. Patients were from previously reported comparative studies treated with SMILE versus FS-LASIK. The PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Chinese databases (i.e. WANFANG and CNKI) were searched in Nov. of 2016 using RevMan 5.1 version software. The differences in visual acuity, aberration and biomechanical effects within six months postoperatively were showed. Twenty-seven studies including 4223 eyes were included. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between SMILE and FS-LASIK in terms of the proportion of eyes that lost one or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (P=0.14), the proportion of eyes achieving an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (P=0.43), the final refractive spherical equivalent (P=0.89), the refractive spherical equivalent within ±1.00 diopter of the target values (P=0.80), vertical coma (P=0.45) and horizontal coma (P=0.06). Compared with the FS-LASIK group, total higher-order aberration (tHOA) (P<0.001) and spherical aberration (P<0.001) were higher and the decrease in corneal hysteresis (CH) (P=0.0005) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) (P=0.02) were lower in the SMILE group. CONCLUSION: SMILE and FS-LASIK are comparable in efficacy, safety and predictability for correcting myopia. However, the aberration in the SMILE group is superior to that in the FS-LASIK group, and the loss of biomechanical effects may occur less frequently after SMILE than after FS-LASIK.     

飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术和飞秒制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术术后有效光学区及角膜像差的比较

目的:比较不同预设光学区组的飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)和飞秒激光制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileuses,FS-LASIK)术后有效光学区(...     

矢量分析法比较SMILE与波前像差引导的FS-LASIK矫正中高度散光的临床效果

目的　应用矢量分析法比较角膜标记的飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）、未角膜标记的SMILE以及波前像差引导的飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）矫正中高度散光的临床效果。方法　采用前瞻性非随机对照研究。选择2018年12月至2019年10月于我院近视激光治疗中心行SMILE及波前像差引导的FS-LASIK的中高度近视散光患者（球镜≥-1．0 D、柱镜≥-1．5 D）41例（82眼）,按照手术方式分为3组:角膜标记的SMILE组17例（34眼）、未角膜标记的SMILE组12例（24眼）和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组12例（24眼）。三组患者术前及术后3个月均行裸眼视力（UCVA）、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜等检查;利用Alpins矢量分析方法计算目标矫正散光量（TIA）、手术矫正散光量（SIA）、差异矢量、矫正指数、成功指数、误差角度(AofE)、变平指数等指标。结果　角膜标记的SMILE组术后UCVA、等效球镜度、残余散光度分别为(-0．040±0．020）logMAR、(-0．02±0．51）D、（-0．06±0．35）D,未角膜标记的SMILE组分别为(-0．062±0．043）logMAR、(-0．07±0．38）D、（-0．07±0．44）D,波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组分别为（-0．054±0.038）logMAR、(-0．06±0．48）D、（-0．25±0．56）D,三组间两两对比差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0．05）。角膜标记的SMILE组、未角膜标记的SMILE组、波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组误差角度绝对值（｜AofE｜）分别为1．39±3．03、2．24±4．13、-1．81±4．88,未角膜标记的SMILE组大于角膜标记的SMILE组、波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组,差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0．05）;角膜标记的SMILE组与波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组差异无统计学意义（P>0．05）。术后3个月矫正指数、成功指数、变平指数三组之间两两对比差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。三组中各组的｜SIA｜与｜TIA｜均呈正相关（均为P<0．001）,术后3个月三组的成功指数与｜AofE｜、差异矢量与｜AofE｜均存在明显正相关（均为P<0．05）。结论　角膜标记及未角膜标记的SMILE和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK矫正中高度散光均具有安全性、有效性。角膜标记的SMILE和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK比未角膜标记的SMILE在控制散光轴向误差方面的准确性更好,可提高散光的矫正效果。     

Dynamic versus static ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in eyes with diabetic retinopathy: a pilot prospective cross-sectional study

AIM:To analyze differences in ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography(UWFA)findings between dynamic and static images of eyes with diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 28 eyes of 28 patients with DR undergoing UWFA.A series of UWFA images acquired from each patient were converted into a time-lapse video and used as a dynamic image.A single,clear,arteriovenous phase image was chosen as a static image.Non-perfusion index(NPI)and its correlation with vascular abnormalities in different zones were compared between dynamic and static UWFA imaging.RESULTS:NPI appeared to increase from the center to the far-periphery in both groups.Dynamic NPI was lower in the total retinal area(0.26 vs 0.29,P=0.009)and farperiphery(0.33 vs 0.36,adjusted P=0.042),which was contrary to the static NPI.Far-peripheral NPI was associated with intraretinal microvascular abnormality in the posterior area in both groups.CONCLUSION:Time-lapse dynamic UWFA imaging is a useful modality to differentially diagnose hypofluorescence in the most peripheral region.This modality could provide a reliable method for NPI measurement.     

FS-LASIK与FS-LASIK联合快速角膜胶原交联术矫正高度近视术后早期屈光度及角膜高阶像差比较

目的：比较飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)与FS-LASIK联合快速角膜胶原交联术(FS-LASIK Xtra)矫正高度近视术后早期屈光度及角膜高阶像差变化特点,评估两种术式矫正高度近视的早期效果。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。纳入2019-04/2020-04在我院进行FS-LASIK Xtra及FS-LASIK的高度近视患者42例84眼,每组各21例42眼,术后随访3mo,比较两组患者术后裸眼视力(UCVA)、等效球镜(SE)、散光度及角膜高阶像差。

结果：FS-LASIK Xtra组患者术后1d UCVA(LogMAR)低于FS-LASIK组(P<0.01),其余时间点两组间比较均无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后SE均较术前明显降低,术后3mo,FS-LASIK Xtra组有38眼(90%)、FS-LASIK组有41眼(98%)术眼SE在±1.00D以内。两组患者术后均有35眼(83%)的术眼残余散光在0.50D以内。两组术后3mo角膜总高阶像差、球差、彗差及三叶草差均较术前增大,FS-LASIK Xtra组总高阶像差及三叶草差大于FS-LASIK组(均P<0.05)。

结论：FS-LASIK与FS-LASIK Xtra矫正高度近视在术后早期均具有较好的有效性和可预测性,术后早期角膜总高阶像差均增加,且行FS-LASIK Xtra增加更显著。     

三种不同角膜屈光手术后高阶像差的变化特征

目的：对行准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（ laser in situ keratomileusis, LASIK ）、飞秒激光制瓣的 LASIK （femtosecond laser LASIK,FS－LASIK）及全飞秒激光基质内透镜取出术（refracive lenticule extraction,ReLEx）包括femtosecond lenticule extraction （ FLEx ）手术患者术后高阶像差进行测量,并研究其特征性变化。方法：收集2014－06／2015－03就诊于我院屈光手术中心的近视及近视散光患者共125例245眼,其中行LASIK术38例74眼,飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK术42例83眼,全飞秒激光FLEx术45例88眼,分别于术前及术后1 mo 应用iTrace检查仪进行角膜高阶像差的测量。采用重复测量设计资料的方差分析对数据进行组内及组间的比较。结果：三组受试对象手术前后角膜总高阶像差、垂直彗差、水平彗差及球差均有显著性差异（ P 分别为0．002、＜0．01、＜0．01、＜0．01）即三种手术方式对角膜高阶像差均有显著性影响。不同手术方式间总高阶像差、水平彗差、球差均无统计学差异,仅垂直彗差的差异表现出显著性（F＝3．943,P＝0．021）,对垂直彗差进一步进行组间两两比较,结果发现FLEx组与其余两组的垂直彗差均存在统计学差异。结论：三种手术方式术后1 mo高阶像差均较术前明显增加,由于全飞秒激光FLEx术进行透镜取出时的切口仍较大,对角膜高阶像差仍造成一定的影响,未表现出明显的优势。     

SMILE矫正超高度近视的临床研究

目的:观察飞秒激光角膜基质小切口透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)矫正超高度近视的临床疗效.方法:选取超高度近视患者64例 128眼,随机分为SMILE组与FS-LASIK组各32例 64 眼,分别给予VisuMax飞秒激光系统下SMILE治疗和飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK (femtosecond laser LASIK,FS-LASIK),观察术前,术后1d,1wk,1、3、6mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、等效球镜,计算有效性指数及安全性指数等.结果:安全性指数:SMILE组与FS-LASIK组术后6mo时分别为1.10±0.10和1.08±0.12,两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).有效性指数:SMILE组与FS-LASIK组术后6mo时分别为1.08±0.12和1.06±0.14,两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后6mo时的等效球镜SMILE组为0.09±0.36D,FS-LASIK组为0.36±0.46D,两组患者等效球镜在±0.50D 者SMILE组有58眼(90.1%),FS-LASIK组有49 眼(76.6%);在±1.0D 者SMILE组有64 眼(100%), FS-LASIK组有60眼(93.8%).结论:采用SMILE 治疗超高度近视安全有效,与FS-LASIK相比SMILE术后视力和屈光度能更早稳定下来.     

飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术治疗近视及散光

目的:探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术治疗近视及散光的有效性、可预测性、稳定性和安全性.方法:前瞻性临床对照研究.近视及近视散光患者547例1 080眼,按患者选择的手术方式分为两组,小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)组285例560眼,飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis,FS-LASIK)组262例520眼.术后随访12mo,分别于术后第1d,1wk,1、6、12mo复查,检查裸眼及矫正视力、屈光度、裂隙灯及角膜地形图,并测量偏中心切削值.结果:术后第1d,1wk,1、6、12mo,SMILE组的裸眼视力(uncorrected visual acuity,UCVA,以LogMAR视力表示)分别为0.029±0.13、0.001±0.11、-0.019±0.11、-0.020±0.08、-0.011±0.10;FS-LASIK组分别为-0.017±0.08、-0.019±0.09、-0.031±0.10、-0.024±0.09、-0.002±0.12;术后1d和1wk,SMILE组视力低于FS-LASIK组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其它时间点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后1、6、12mo,SMILE组的等效球镜(spherical equivalent,SE)分别为-0.03±0.29、-0.04±0.28、-0.06±0.32D;FS-LASIK组分别为0.02±0.20、-0.01±0.29、-0.08±0.33D,两组比较术后1mo的结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余时间点两组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后3mo,SMILE组测量的偏中心切削值为0.21±0.11mm,FS-LASIK组为0.20±0.08mm,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:SMILE治疗近视及近视散光有良好的有效性、可预测性、稳定性和安全性,但与FS-LASIK比较,术后早期视力恢复慢.     

Ocular higher-order aberrations and mesopic pupil size in individuals screened for refractive surgery

AIM: To study the distribution of ocular higher-order aberrations(HOAs) and mesopic pupil size in individuals screened for refractive surgery. METHODS: Ocular HOAs and mesopic pupil size were studied in 2 458 eyes of 1 240 patients with myopia, myopic astigmatism and compound myopic astigmatism and 215 eyes of 110 patients with hyperopia, hyperopic astigmatism and compound hyperopic astigmatism using the Zywave aberrometer (Busch& Lomb). All patients had correctable refractive errors without a history of refractive surgery or underlying diseases. Root-mean-square values of HOAs, total spherical aberration, total coma and mesopic pupil size were analyzed. Ocular HOAs were measured across a ≥ 6.0 mm pupil, and pupil size measurements were performed under the mesopic condition. RESULTS: The mean values of HOAs, total spherical aberration and total coma in the myopic group were 0.369μm, ±0.233, 0.133± 0.112μm and 0.330±0.188μm, respectively. In the hyperopic group the mean values of HOAs, total spherical aberration and total coma were 0.418μm ±0.214, 0.202±0.209μm and 0.343±0.201μm, respectively. Hyperopes showed greater total HOAs (P<0.01) and total spherical aberration (P<0.01) compared to myopes. In age-matched analysis, only the amount of total spherical aberration was higher in the hyperopic group (P=0.05). Mesopic pupil size in the myopic group was larger (P≤0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that significant levels of HOAs were found in both groups which are important for planning refractive surgeries on Iranians. There were significantly higher levels of total spherical aberration in hyperopes compared to myopes. Mesopic pupil size was larger in myopic group.     

SMILE与Trans-PRK手术矫正近视对角膜前表面像差的影响

目的：观察飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)和经上皮准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(Trans-PRK)矫正近视对角膜前表面三阶水平彗差、三阶垂直彗差、四阶球差和总高阶像差的影响。

方法：前瞻性非随机对照研究。收集2016-12/2017-02在乐山市眼科中心行SMILE手术及Trans-PRK手术矫正近视患者各20例40眼,分别于术前及术后1、3mo用Pentacam角膜地形图仪进行角膜像差检查。采用重复测量方差分析对角膜前表面三阶水平彗差、三阶垂直彗差、四阶球差和总高阶像差均方根进行统计分析。

结果：术后1、 3mo SMILE组和Trans-PRK组患者裸眼视力均达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力。术前两组患者各项角膜像差比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后两组患者角膜像差较术前均增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者角膜像差在术后1、 3mo之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后各时间点两组患者水平彗差、垂直彗差之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),SMILE组患者术后四阶球差及总高阶像差均方根低于Trans-PRK组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：SMILE与Trans-PRK手术矫正近视术后角膜像差均增高,两种手术方式对角膜三阶水平彗差和垂直彗差影响相似,SMILE手术对四阶球差及总高阶像差的影响较Trans-PRK手术更小。     

不同屈光手术方式术后角膜高阶像差的相关研究

目的：探讨飞秒激光制作角膜瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)、准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(laser epithelial keratomileusis,LASEK)和前弹力层下角膜磨镶术(sub-Bowman keratomileusis,SBK)三种手术方式术后人眼角膜高阶像差(包括彗差、球差及总高阶像差均方根)的变化。方法：近视患者82 例164 眼,其中行飞秒激光制瓣(FSLASIK)手术者31 例62 眼,B 组行SBK 者31 例62 眼,C 组行LASEK 者20 例40 眼,分别记录患者术前;术后1, 15d;1,3mo 彗差(C7,C8)、球差(C12)及高阶相差均方根(RMSh),并进行统计学分析。结果：(1)视力：术后各时段三组患者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。(2)角膜像差：三种手术方式对患者角膜像差均有显著影响,三组患者角膜彗差(C7,C8)、角膜球差(C12)、高阶相差均方根(RMSh)均于术后1d 开始显著增加(P<0. 05)。术后3mo,患者的C7,C8,C12 和RMSh 均未恢复至术前水平。但FS-LASIK 组患者增幅比其它两组小,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论：与SBK 和LASEK 相比,飞秒做瓣LASIK 在术后早期拥有较好的裸眼视力,且术后角膜高阶像差的增幅相对较小。     

SMILE与FS-LASIK治疗高度近视散光患者5年疗效对比

目的 比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)治疗高度近视散光患者5年的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性非随机对照研究。根据所接受的手术方式不同患者被分为SMILE组和FS-LASIK组,术后随访5年,对比分析两组患者裸眼远视力(UDVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、等效球镜度(SE)、散光、总高阶像差(HOAs)、球差、彗差、泪液分泌功能、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)和眼表疾病指数量表(OSDI)评分。采用重复测量资料的方差分析进行统计学分析,采用LSD-t检验进行两两比较,采用独立样本t检验进行组间分析。结果 2组患者相比,术后UDVA、SE、HOAs、球差、彗差、泪液分泌试验、TBUT、OSDI评分差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),但BCDVA、散光的差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。SMILE组患者术后1个月的SE低于FS-LASIK组,而术后1～5年的SE均高于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05)。SMILE组患者术后3～6个月、3～5年的HOAs均较FS-LASIK组更低(均为P<...     

SMILE和ICL矫正中低度近视术后角膜前后表面和总角膜高阶像差的变化

目的：对比分析飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)和有晶状体眼人工晶状体植入术(implantable collamer lens,ICL)矫正中、低度近视术后角膜前表面、后表面和总角膜高阶像差的变化。

方法：回顾性研究,选取2017-11/2018-02在西安爱尔眼科医院屈光中心行SMILE手术及ICL手术矫正中、低度近视患者各35例70眼。术前及术后1、3、6mo应用基于Ray Tracing技术的Scheimpflug成相评估6mm直径的角膜前表面、后表面和总角膜高阶像差,采用重复测量方差分析对不同时间点角膜彗差、球差和总高阶像差均方根进行比较。

结果：术后1、3、6mo SMILE组和ICL组患者裸眼视力均达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力。术前两组患者各项角膜像差差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1mo,SMILE组角膜前表面高阶像差较术前显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而ICL组角膜前表面高阶像差无显著变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后两组患者角膜后表面高阶像差差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组间患者彗差、球差和总高阶像差比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：相比SMILE手术,ICL术矫正中、低度近视在短期内引入的角膜前表面高阶像差更小。     

Three-year results of small incision lenticule extraction and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism

AIM: To compare and calculate the 3-year refractive results, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), contrast sensitivity (CS) and dry eye parameters after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism. METHODS: In this prospective, non-randomized comparative study, 78 eyes with spherical equivalent (SE) of -8.11±1.09 diopters (D) received a SMILE surgery, and 65 eyes with SE of -8.05±1.12 D received a wavefront-guided FS-LASIK surgery with the VisuMax femtosecond laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) for flap cutting. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, CS, HOAs, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and tear break-up time (TBUT) were evaluated during a 3-year follow-up. RESULTS: The difference of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) postoperatively was achieved at 1mo and at 3mo, whereas the difference of the mean UDVA between two groups at 3y were not statistically significant (t=-1.59, P=0.13). The postoperative change of SE was 0.89 D in the FS-LASIK group (t=5.76, P=0.00), and 0.14 D in the SMILE group (t=0.54, P=0.59) from 1mo to 3y after surgery. At 3-year postoperatively, both HOAs and spherical aberrations in the SMILE group were obviously less than those in the FS-LASIK group (P=0.00), but the coma root mean square (RMS) was higher in the SMILE group (0.59±0.26) than in the FS-LASIK group (0.29±0.14, P=0.00). The mesopic CS values between two groups were not statistically significant at 3y postoperatively. Compared with the FS-LASIK group, lower OSDI scores and longer TBUT values were found in the SMILE group at 1mo and 3mo postoperatively. With regard to safety, no eye lost any line of CDVA in both groups at 3y after surgery. CONCLUSION: Both SMILE and wavefront-guided FS-LASIK procedures provide good visual outcomes. Both procedures are effective and safe, but SMILE surgery achieve more stable long-term refractive outcome and better control of early postoperative dry eye as compared to FS-LASIK.     

高度近视行SMILE与FS-LASIK术后视觉质量比较

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）和飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）矫正高度近视术后的视觉质量。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。收集四川大学华西医院眼科中心行近视矫正术的高度近视患者,按照其手术方式分为SMILE组21例（41眼）和FS-LASIK组19例（38眼）。常规检查裸眼视力（UCVA）、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、屈光度、眼压、对比敏感度（CS）、角膜高阶像差和屈光矫正对生活质量的影响问卷（QIRC）评分,于术后1 d、1周、1个月、3个月和6个月随访复查。采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验进行统计学分析。结果FS-LASIK组和SMILE组的安全指数分别为1.00±0.23和1.00±0.12。术前SMILE组12.0 cpd的LogCS值高于FS-LASIK组（t=2.137,P=0.035）,SMILE组3.0 cpd的LogCS值术后6个月与术前变化量高于FS-LASIK组（t=2.843,P=0.008）,其余频率差异均无统计学意义。FS-LASIK组的总高阶像差、三阶彗差和四阶球差术后6个月与术前的变化量高于SMILE组,差异有统计学意义（t=-7.587,P＜0.001;t=-4.127,P＜0.001;t=10.068,P＜0.001）。2组之间术后3、6个月2个时间点QIRC量表评分与术前的变化量比较,差异无统计学意义。结论SMILE和FS-LASIK均能安全地矫正高度近视。SMILE术后低频空间频率对比敏感度恢复情况优于FS-LASIK。SMILE与FS-LASIK均使角膜的高阶像差增加,后者引入了更多的彗差和球差。     

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后视觉质量比较

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）与飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）矫正近视及近视散光术后视觉质量的差异。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。选取2015年1-6月于武汉爱尔眼科汉口医院屈光手术中心行SMILE的近视患者41例（41眼）作为SMILE组,行FS-LASIK的近视患者37例（37眼）作为FS-LASIK组。所有患者于术前,术后1 d、1个月及3个月行裸眼视力（UCVA）、综合验光检查,并于术前、术后3个月行角膜像差检查。应用重复测量的方差分析、配对样本t检验、独立样本t检验、卡方检验对数据进行分析。结果2组患者UCVA及等效球镜度（SE）在术后1 d、1个月和3个月差异均无统计学意义。术后3个月,FS-LASIK组95%患者SE在±0.50 D范围内,SMILE组98%患者SE在±0.50 D范围内,差异无统计学意义。术后不同时间点2组间UCVA达到5.0及更好的百分比差异均无统计学意义。在6 mm瞳孔直径下,SMILE组患者术后3个月时的角膜总高阶像差、彗差及球差分别为（0.54±0.13）µm、（0.29±0.14）µm、（0.32±0.12）µm,均显著低于FS-LASIK组[分别为（0.71±0.45）µm、（0.48±0.42）µm、（0.47±0.38）µm],差异有统计学意义（t=1.60、2.00、1.66,P＜0.05）。结论SMILE与FS-LASIK矫正近视及近视散光均有良好的安全性和有效性,且SMILE术后高阶像差的改变比FS-LASIK小,术后视觉质量更佳。