离子对反相高效液相色谱法测定阿仑膦酸钠含量及其有关物质

以挥发性的正戊胺作为离子对试剂,采用离子对反相高效液相色谱法,配以蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD)检测,建立了用于阿仑膦酸钠含量测定及相关物质检查的分析方法。以Iintersil C8柱为固定相,流动相为50 mmol/L正戊胺水溶液(用乙酸调节pH至7.0)-甲醇(98∶2),流速为1.0 mL/m in,柱温为室温。方法的线性范围为200~1000 mg/L;回归方程为lgA=2.5884 lgC-0.243,r=0.9990;方法的平均回收率为100.4%;RSD为0.65%。在该色谱条件下,阿仑膦酸钠与其有关物质(包括残留的合成原料亚磷酸及氧化分解产物磷酸盐)的分离良好,且样品测定不受辅料干扰。样品测定结果满意。本法不需特殊的样品处理过程,快速,特异性好,适用于阿仑膦酸钠的常规检测及有关物质检查,为该药的质量控制提供了可靠的分析手段。     

用反相离子对色谱-蒸发光散射检测法研究阿仑膦酸钠及其相关物质的分离

采用反相离子对色谱-蒸发光散射检测法,研究了阿仑膦酸钠及相关物质的色谱分离。选择的色谱条件是:固定相为Intersil C8(150×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm)柱,以52mmol.L-1正戊胺水溶液(用乙酸调节pH至7.0)-甲醇(98∶2,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,柱温为室温。在该色谱条件下,阿仑膦酸钠与其有关物质(包括合成过程中残余的原料4-氨基丁酸、亚磷酸及分解产物磷酸盐)分离良好。本法简便、快速,为阿仑膦酸钠的常规分析及质量控制提供了一种可靠而有效的手段。     

离子色谱积分脉冲安培法同时测定血浆中阿仑膦酸钠、帕米膦酸钠、伊班膦酸钠和利塞膦酸钠

建立了离子色谱积分脉冲安培检测器(IPAD)同时检测血浆中阿仑膦酸钠、帕米膦酸钠、伊班膦酸钠和利塞膦酸钠的方法。采用Dionex AS18 (250 mm×2 mm)和AG18 (50 mm×2 mm)色谱柱在24 mmol/L NaOH溶液中进行分离;对多电位波形参数优化以达到最大信噪比;采用优化后的波形方法对4种双膦酸盐类药物进行检测,具有良好的线性(r2为0.9972～0.9995)和重现性(峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.84%～1.37%)及较高的灵敏度(检出限为0.061～0.18 μg/mL)。4种双膦酸盐在该方法中有很好的保留且有较好的分离度,与之前报道的衍生后检测方法相比,该方法不用衍生,更简单而易于操作。将该方法成功地用于人体血浆中双膦酸盐类的检测,其回收率为80.81%～97.32%, RSD为1.46%～3.02%。     

离子色谱法测定伊班膦酸钠中的亚磷酸和磷酸根离子

建立了离子色谱–抑制电导法检测伊班膦酸钠中亚磷酸根和磷酸根离子的方法。实验采用SH–AC–1型离子交换色谱柱,3.6 mmol/L碳酸钠–4.5 mmol/L碳酸氢钠为淋洗液,流量为1.5 m L/min,进样体积为20μL。在此条件下,可同时分离亚磷酸和磷酸根离子,且色谱峰型对称。所测H2PO3–,H2PO4–离子的检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.027,0.053 mg/L。应用该方法测定H2PO3–,H2PO4–离子,加标回收率分别为95.7%~108.1%,99.8%~107.7%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为2.5%,5.6%(n=6)。该方法简单,测定结果准确、可靠,可以用于实际生产中监测伊班膦酸钠的质量。     

离子对色谱法测定生产己内酰胺中副产环己酸磺酸

建立了反相离子对色谱内标法测定甲苯法生产己内酰胺中副产环己烷羧酸磺酸含量.色谱条件为:色谱柱Agilent Hypersil ODS (4.0 mm×250 mm,5μm),内标物甲苯-4-磺酸,流动相为37.5%甲醇(V/V),10 mmol/L四丁基溴化铵,25 mmol/L KH2PO4,H3PO4调节pH 2.5～3.5,柱温30 ℃,流速1.2 mL/min,检测波长230 nm.结果表明:线性范围0.1006～3.0192 mg/mL,相关系数为0.9994,回收率99.51%～102.34%,RSD为0.4950%～0.5270% (n=6).     

离子色谱-电导检测法测定左乙拉西坦中四丁基溴化铵残留

建立了左乙拉西坦原料药中痕量四丁基溴化铵测定的离子色谱方法。以Dionex IonPac CS17阳离子交换色谱柱为分析柱,15 mmol/L甲磺酸溶液-乙腈淋洗液,流速为1.0 mL/min,抑制型电导检测器。样品基质及常见阳离子对测定无干扰,四丁基溴化铵质量浓度在0.5～20 mg/L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9997,定量限(LOQ)为0.5 mg/L,检出限(LOD)为0.15 mg/L,加标回收率为98.0%～103.7%。方法可用于左乙拉西坦原料药中痕量四丁基溴化铵的检测。     

柱前衍生化/毛细管电泳法测定阿伦膦酸钠

建立了一种以对甲氧基苯磺酰氯为紫外衍生试剂柱前衍生,毛细管电泳法测定阿伦膦酸钠的分析方法。阿伦膦酸钠与对甲氧基苯磺酰氯的衍生条件为:在20 mmol/L的硼酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 11.5)中,摩尔比为1:10的阿伦膦酸钠与对甲氧基苯磺酰氯在50℃下反应10 min。将衍生产物在毛细管电泳上进行分离,使用pH 9.3 20 mmoL/L的硼酸盐缓冲溶液为分离缓冲体系,柱温25℃,分离电压20 kV,在0.5 psi压力下进样5 s,以二级管阵列(DAD)检测器在233 nm处进行检测。测得阿伦膦酸钠的线性范围为1.0~400μg/mL,检出限为0.5~1.0μg/mL。方法用于药物制剂阿伦膦酸钠片和尿液介质中阿伦膦酸钠的测定,结果满意。     

整体柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法快速分析吡咯烷离子液体阳离子

建立了快速分析无紫外光吸收的吡咯烷离子液体阳离子的离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法。采用反相硅胶整体柱,以(背景紫外吸收试剂-离子对试剂)水溶液-有机溶剂为流动相,分别讨论了背景紫外吸收试剂、检测波长、离子对试剂、有机溶剂、柱温及流速对分离测定吡咯烷阳离子的影响。最佳色谱条件为:以80%(V/V)(0.5 mmol/L对氨基苯酚盐酸盐-0.1 mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠)水溶液-20%(V/V)甲醇为流动相,检测波长230 nm,柱温30℃,流速2.0 mL/min。在此条件下,N-甲基,乙基吡咯烷阳离子、N-甲基,丙基吡咯烷阳离子和N-甲基,丁基吡咯烷阳离子在1.6 min之内基线分离,检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.02,0.03和0.07 mg/L,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于0.4%。将此方法用于分析实验室合成的离子液体样品,加标回收率在97.4%～98.0%之间。本方法快速、简单、准确、可靠,具有良好的实用性。     

唑来膦酸及其有关化合物的反相离子对高效液相色谱分离

采用反相离子对高效液相色谱法研究了唑来膦酸及其有关化合物的色谱分析与分离方法。优化的分离条件：以Hypersil C8柱为固定相,以甲醇-5 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(含6 mmol/L四丁基溴化铵溶液,用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至7.0)(体积比为20∶80)为流动相,等度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长为220 nm,柱温为室温。在该色谱条件下,唑来膦酸与有关化合物(包括其合成过程中残余的原料咪唑乙酸和其他氧化分解产物)的分离良好,与保留时间最接近的杂质峰的分离度大于2.5。该方法不需进     

杀菌剂中抑霉唑含量的离子对高效液相色谱分析

选用庚烷磺酸钠作离子对试剂 ,拟定了杀菌剂中抑霉唑及其硫酸盐的反相离子对HPLC测定方法。讨论了离子对的形成过程 ,pH值对离子对形成的影响 ,推导了流动相pH值计算公式 ,估算了流动相的pH值范围 ,确定了色谱柱为EclipseXDB C815 0mm× 4 .6mm ,流动相为甲醇 :含 12mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠的 2 5mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液 (pH≈ 2 .8) =6 2∶38(V/V) ,测定波长为 2 2 5nm的分析条件。方法的检出限为 7.1× 10 -4μg ;线性范围为 8.0× 10 -3 ～ 4 .0 μg ,实验结果线性关系良好 ;相关系数r =0 .9998。方法用于杀菌剂样中抑霉唑及其硫酸盐的测定 ,回收率 99.7% ,结果满意     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.