米非司酮对子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞裸小鼠移植瘤生长作用的研究

目的探讨米非司酮(RU486)对人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞裸小鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用。方法体外培养人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞,裸小鼠皮下接种HHUA细胞建立裸小鼠移植瘤动物模型,将荷瘤裸小鼠随机分为两组,分别应用米非司酮、精制花生油治疗4周。治疗期间观察各组裸小鼠生长情况、移植瘤体积、增殖率和形态,治疗结束后应用流式细胞术(FCM)检测各组裸小鼠移植瘤组织细胞周期时相的变化和细胞凋亡率;应用免疫组化技术检测基因Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达。结果米非司酮组裸小鼠移植瘤体积第3周明显减小,肿瘤增殖率明显降低(P<0.01)。4周治疗结束后米非司酮组裸小鼠移植瘤细胞G0/G1期比例升高(38.17±3.02)%,S期细胞比例(SPF)降低(43.87±4.29)%,与对照组比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05),移植瘤细胞凋亡率为(15.03±2.19)%,明显高于对照组(3.06±1.13)%(P<0.01);治疗组移植瘤细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达明显降低(1.9±0.61),而Bax呈现过度表达(4.0±1.28)(P<0.05)。结论抗孕激素米非司酮(RU486)能显著抑制人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞裸小鼠移植瘤的生长,其抗肿瘤作用与调控细胞周期时相和诱导细胞凋亡相关。     

miRNA在肝癌发生与转移中的研究进展

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是我国常见的恶性肿瘤。转移、扩散是其预后不良的主要原因。因此,探索肿瘤发生、发展和侵袭转移的分子机制,寻求新的治疗靶点,对于提高肝癌的疗效具有重要意义。microRNA简称为miRNA,通常长度为19-25个核苷酸,广泛存在于真核生物中,是一类高度保守的非编码的小分子单链RNA。miRNA通过与靶mRNA3’-UTR区完全或部分互补结合,导致靶区降解或转录后翻译抑制,从而调控靶基因的表达。miRNA具有癌基因和抑癌基因的作用,直接或间接参与肝癌发生和发展。     

CXCL12对宫颈癌细胞放射敏感性影响的实验研究

目的 探讨趋化因子12（CXCL12）在调控宫颈癌放疗敏感性中的作用。方法 采用阳离子脂质体法将CXCL12 siRNA转染至宫颈癌HeLa细胞（siRNA转染组）,另设置空白对照组和阴性对照组。采用不同剂量（4、8 Gy）照射上述各组HeLa细胞, CCK-8法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,ELISA法和实时荧光定量PCR（QPCR）检测CXCL12表达变化,流式细胞仪检测CD44表达。结果 接受4 、8 Gy照射后siRNA转染组的细胞存活率分别为62.0％和44.0％,低于阴性对照组的79.0％和59.0％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;接受4 、8 Gy照射后siRNA转染组的细胞凋亡率分别为28.0％和51.0％,高于阴性对照组的21.0％和39.0％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。接受4 、8 Gy照射后siRNA转染组的CD44蛋白表达量为1.33±0.02和1.40±0.01,低于阴性对照组的1.55±0.02和1.85±0.02,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 沉默CXCL12可通过抑制细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡来增加宫颈癌细胞的放射敏感性,CXCL12可能为宫颈癌放疗提供新的增敏靶点。     

抗肿瘤药物对肾上腺机制影响的研究进展

多种抗肿瘤药物如激素类、化疗、靶向药物和免疫检查点抑制剂在发挥抗癌作用的同时对内分泌腺具有毒性作用,其中对肾上腺的影响逐渐受到临床重视。药物治疗相关的肾上腺功能不全若无法及时诊治,可导致肾上腺危象的发生甚至危及生命。本文将就抗肿瘤药物对肾上腺机制影响进行综述,为临床防治肿瘤患者的肾上腺功能异常提供指导。      

Effect of X-irradiation on the stomach of the rat

A model for localized 300 kV X-irradiation of the rat stomach was developed. After irradiation with single doses, three distinct gastric disorders were observed which occurred at different latency times. Acute death 2-3 weeks after irradiation was caused by an erosive and ulcerative gastritis and occurred in all animals given 28.5 Gy without diet, in 17% of the animals given 28.5 Gy plus diet, and in 13% of the animals given 23 Gy. Subacute to chronic fatal disorders 4 weeks to 7 months after irradiation were seen as stomach dilatation and gastroparesis, associated with the replacement of the normal gastric mucosa by a hyperkeratinized multilayered squamous epithelium. These disorders occurred in 40-100% of the animals after doses between 16 Gy and 28.5 Gy (+diet). An ED 50 value of 19.2 Gy (16.5-21.2 Gy, 95% confidence interval) was calculated for this gastroparesis. Late gastric obstruction exceeding 7 months after irradiation was seen in the rats because of profound changes in the gastric wall in 13-18% of the animals after doses between 23 Gy and 14 Gy. In animals surviving these three periods, an atrophic mucosa and intestinal metaplasia developed. From functional and morphohistological studies, it can be concluded that there are differences in the pathogenesis of the fatal radiation damage for each of these periods after irradiation.     

米非司酮对子宫内膜癌裸鼠移植瘤细胞凋亡调控的研究

目的探讨抗孕激素米非司酮对人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞裸鼠移植瘤细胞凋亡的调控作用。方法体外培养人子宫内膜癌HHUA细胞,裸鼠皮下接种HHUA细胞建立裸鼠移植瘤动物模型,随机分为2组,分别应用米非司酮、精制花生油治疗4周,应用流式细胞术(FCM)检测各组裸鼠移植瘤细胞周期时相和凋亡率;免疫组化技术检测凋亡基因bcl2、Fas和FasL蛋白的表达情况。结果米非司酮治疗组裸鼠移植瘤细胞G0/G1期比例升高,S期细胞比例(SPF)降低(P<0.05),移植瘤细胞凋亡率为15.03%±2.19%,明显高于对照组(3.06%±1.13%)(P<0.01);移植瘤细胞bcl2蛋白表达水平明显下降,而Fas蛋白表达水平升高,与对照组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论抗孕激素米非司酮通过调节移植瘤细胞周期分布和凋亡基因,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。     

康莱特抑制肝癌细胞HepG2 增殖的实验研究

目的：探讨康莱特注射液（KLT）抑制肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的作用机制。方法：以低、中、高剂量（分别为5μl／ml、10μl／ml、15μl／ml）的KLT处理肝癌细胞HepG2，用免疫组化法检测周期素D1（cyclin D1）、周期素E（cvclinE）蛋白在肝癌细胞HepG2中的表达，用MTT比色法观察KLT时肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制作用．用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布；另设盐水对照组。结果：1）KLT对肝癌细胞HepG2有明显的抑制效应，且具有时间、剂量依赖关系。2）低、中、高剂量组KLT使G1期细胞分别上升至66．5％、70．1％、75．8％，明显高于对照组（P〈0、05）：中、高剂量组KLT使S期细胞分别下降至13．2％、20．0％，明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。3）低、中、高剂量组KLT使肝癌细胞cvclinD1蛋白水平分别减少26.3％、35．1％、45．6％，与对照组比较P均〈0．05；使cyclinE蛋白水平分别减少18．8％、27．1％、33.3％．与对照组比较P均〈0．05。结论：KLT对肝癌细胞HepG2有明显的抑制效应，其抑制效应具有时间、剂量依赖关系．其机理是通过抑制下游cyclinD1、cyclinE表达阻止细胞进入S期。     

11种化疗药物对卵巢癌细胞的抑制作用及其对有核细胞毒性的研究

目的通过体外实验,观察11种化学治疗药物对人卵巢癌细胞的杀伤作用,及其对外周血有核细胞(白细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞)的毒性效应,并探讨这2种作用可能存在的相关性。方法采用经典的MTT比色法分别检测34例卵巢癌患者新鲜肿瘤组织标本的癌细胞对11种化疗药物的敏感性和药物对外周血有核细胞的毒性。结果各药物对癌细胞抑制率的差异有显著性;其中,TAX和VM-262种化疗药物的抑制率分别达到50.97%和41.38%,可认为属于卵巢癌细胞的敏感药物;其余9种药物对卵巢癌细胞的抑制率均较低。各药物对癌细胞的抑制率与其对有核细胞中的粒细胞的毒性作用有明显的相关性。结论TAX和VM-26,属于卵巢癌细胞敏感的化疗药物;检测的11种化疗药物,其对卵巢癌的疗效与其对粒细胞的毒性显著相关;在缺乏进行肿瘤细胞药敏试验条件的情况下,卵巢癌患者外周血粒细胞毒性试验,是1种可行的替代检测措施。     

Considerations on the mechanism of the angiogenic response

The principal objective of our work is to sufficiently understand the mechanism of angiogenesis in the adult organism to allow interference with the process on a rational basis. It is apparent that several "factors" can trigger angiogenesis. To test these, we used the rabbit cornea mostly because it is avascular (i.e., the background is zero) and transparent (i.e., the newly formed capillaries that invade the cornea are easily visible in the unanaesthetized animal). Under these conditions, it was found that the cornea ready to be colonized by capillaries under the action of an angiogenesis effector becomes rich in copper ions and sialic acid. Motility of bovine capillary endothelium was utilized to analyze the angiogenesis process on the ground that mobilization of capillary endothelium is the first morphological event observed during angiogenesis in vivo and the methods to measure cell motility are reasonably accurate. With this approach it was found that heparin, fibronectin, and gangliosides are involved in the mobilization of capillary endothelium. The precise interaction among these three components is not yet clear.     

Histopathological study on the effects of hyperthermia on microvasculature

Recent experimental evidence suggests that hyperthermia has profound effects on tumor tissue microcirculation. Indeed, this is one of the suggested mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor effects of heat. Groups of WAG-Rij rat transplanted tumors (rbabdomyosarcoma-BA1112) were ireated with local hyperthermia (Radio-Frequency). Various temperatures (ranging from 38° to 43°C) were used. Animals were subsequently sacrificed at 1, 3, and 24 hours after beating and tumors were subjected to detailed pathological studies for evaluation of the effects of heat on microcireulation as well as on tumor cells. The results are indicative of no specific changes in microvasculature up to 40.5°C. At intermediate temperatures (42°C) vessels show marked dilatation and congestion (?stasis). At higher temperatures (44.5°C) there is massive hemorrhage and necrosis with rupture of vessel walls. The degree and intensity of this process also depends on the interval between heating and time of sacrifice of the animal. Detailed results are presented. The correlation of pathological findings and blood flow observations as well as their relevance to treatment of cancer patients are discussed.