关于有限次次谐分叉出现马蹄的讨论

本文通过几个具体实例,对有限次次谐分叉进行了讨论。我们得到对中心对称系统在小扰动下,如果具有两列独立的分叉序列,那么经过有限次次谐分叉就有可能导致马蹄。对非中心对称系统,仅仅有一列分叉序列,就有可能出现马蹄。这些现象说明分叉与系统的对称性有着深刻的联系。     

基于分数阶模型的非完整系统的Mei对称性及其守恒量

为了进一步揭示非完整系统的对称性和守恒量之间的内在关系，提出并研究基于分数阶模型的非完整系统的Mei对称性及其守恒量．首先，根据分数阶d’Alembert-Lagrange原理建立基于分数阶模型的非完整系统的动力学方程．其次，根据动力学方程中的动力学函数经无限小变换后仍满足原方程的不变性，建立分数阶模型下非完整系统的Mei对称性定理，给出Mei守恒量．再次，讨论了几个特例：分数阶Hamilton系统、经典非完整系统和受非完整约束的分数阶Lagrange系统的Mei对称性定理．文末举例说明结果的应用．     

各向异性板结构横向弯曲一般解析解

提出了一种求解四阶线性椭圆型偏微分方程黑社会问题的新方法：复级数展开法，产散于求解各向异性板横向弯曲问题，运用得级数展开法首次给出承受任意载荷具有任意边界的各向异性矩形、圆形板横向弯曲一般解析解，同时对各向异性板对称性进行了探讨，指出当板边界约束、载荷呈中心对称时，矩性板挠度呈中心对称，文中亦给出一些数值算例。     

半结构法在中心对称结构计算中的应用

半结构法是计算对称结构的一种简化分析方法,通常应用于轴对称结构.本文将探讨半结构法在中心对称结构计算中的应用问题,包括中心对称、反对称载荷作用下结构的对称性及其证明、等代结构形式及其应用等.算例表明,中心对称结构半结构法能够最大程度简化结构、提高结构计算效率,与其他方法联合应用的一题多解方法可丰富结构力学教学内容,有利于学生拓展其创新思维及分析解决复杂力学问题的能力.     

变质量非完整力学系统的Noether定理及其逆定理

1 引言动力学系统的守恒定律或运动积分是满足运动微分方程的物理量和几何量之间的某种确定的函数关系;动力学系统的对称性或不变性是指表征系统的某个特征对某个变换在某种意义下是不变的.1918年,A E Nocther 提出的Noether 定理,首先把动力学系统     

非完整蛇形机器人系统的Lie对称性和守恒量

研究了蛇形机器人系统的Lie对称性和守恒量,给出该系统的Lie对称性积分方法。将蛇形机器人等效为一个由n节连杆构成的动力学系统,选择了恰当的广义坐标,给出蛇形机器人的动能、势能、Lagrange函数,以及所受的非完整约束,建立了蛇形机器人系统的第二类Lagrange方程;引入关于时间和广义坐标的无限小变换、相应的无限小变换的生成元矢量场及其扩展形式,基于蛇形机器人系统的运动微分方程在无限小变换下的不变性,给出了蛇形机器人系统的Lie对称性确定方程和限制方程,提出了该系统的Lie对称性定理,并以3自由度非完整蛇形机器人系统为例研究其Lie对称性和守恒量,验证了本文提出的Lie对称性理论。     

时间尺度上Lagrange系统的Hojman守恒量

利用对称性和守恒律, 可以简化动力学问题甚至求解力学系统的精确解, 更好地理解其动力学行为. 时间尺度分析将连续和离散动力学模型统一并拓展到时间尺度框架, 既避免了重复研究又可揭示两者之区别和联系. 因此, 通过对称性来探寻在时间尺度的框架下新的守恒定律很有必要. 本文首先建立了时间尺度上Lagrange方程, 利用时间尺度微积分性质导出了时间尺度上Lagrange系统的两个重要关系式; 其次, 依据微分方程在单参数Lie变换群下的不变性, 建立了时间尺度上Lie对称性的定义和确定方程; 最后, 建立了时间尺度上Lie对称性定理并利用上述关系式给出了证明, 得到了时间尺度上Lagrange系统的新守恒量. 当时间尺度取为实数集时, 该守恒量退化为著名的Hojman守恒量. 文末考察了一个两自由度时间尺度Lagrange系统, 在3种不同时间尺度情形下得到了该系统的Hojman守恒量, 数值计算结果验证了定理的正确性.      

弱非线性动力学方程的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量

自然界和工程技术领域存在大量的非线性问题,它们通常需要用非线性微分方程来描述. 守恒量在微分方程的求解、约化和定性分析方面发挥重要作用. 因此,研究非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量具有重要意义. 文章利用 Noether 对称性方法研究弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量. 首先,将弱非线性动力学方程化为一般完整系统的 Lagrange 方程,在 Lagrange 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 其次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为相空间中一般完整系统的 Hamilton 方程,在 Hamilton 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 再次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为广义 Birkhoff 方程,在 Birkhoff 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 最后,以著名的 van der Pol 方程,Duffing 方程以及弱非线性耦合振子为例,分析三个不同框架下弱非线性系统的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量的计算. 结果表明:同一弱非线性动力学方程可以化为不同的一般完整系统或不同的广义 Birkhoff 系统;Hamilton 框架下的结果是 Birkhoff 框架的特例,而 Lagrange 框架下的结果与 Hamilton 框架的等价. 利用 Noether 对称性方法寻找弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量不仅方便有效,而且具有较大的灵活性.      

受损悬索对称性破缺下非线性耦合振动研究

对称性是振动理论中5大美学特征之一,然而对称性破缺又难以避免.本文以工程中常见的易损结构—悬索为例,探究当该系统遭遇非对称性损伤时,对称性破缺对其面内耦合振动特性影响.首先建立受损悬索面内非线性动力学模型,并采用Galerkin法得到离散的无穷维微分方程.利用多尺度法计算该非线性系统发生面内耦合共振响应的调谐方程.截取...     

NOETHER QUASI-SYMMETRY AND APPROXIMATE NOETHER CONSERVATION LAWS FOR WEAKLY NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL EQUATIONS 1)

自然界和工程技术领域存在大量的非线性问题,它们通常需要用非线性微分方程来描述. 守恒量在微分方程的求解、约化和定性分析方面发挥重要作用. 因此,研究非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量具有重要意义. 文章利用 Noether 对称性方法研究弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量. 首先,将弱非线性动力学方程化为一般完整系统的 Lagrange 方程,在 Lagrange 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 其次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为相空间中一般完整系统的 Hamilton 方程,在 Hamilton 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 再次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为广义 Birkhoff 方程,在 Birkhoff 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 最后,以著名的 van der Pol 方程,Duffing 方程以及弱非线性耦合振子为例,分析三个不同框架下弱非线性系统的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量的计算. 结果表明：同一弱非线性动力学方程可以化为不同的一般完整系统或不同的广义 Birkhoff 系统;Hamilton 框架下的结果是 Birkhoff 框架的特例,而 Lagrange 框架下的结果与 Hamilton 框架的等价. 利用 Noether 对称性方法寻找弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量不仅方便有效,而且具有较大的灵活性.     

Crystal-plasticity finite-element analysis of inelastic behavior during unloading in a magnesium alloy sheet

A crystal-plasticity finite-element analysis of the loading-unloading process under uniaxial tension of a rolled magnesium alloy sheet was carried out, and the mechanism of the inelastic response during unloading was examined, focusing on the effects of basal and nonbasal slip systems. The prismatic and basal slip systems were mainly activated during loading, but the activation of the prismatic slip systems was more dominant. Thus the overall stress level during loading was determined primarily by the prismatic slip systems. The prismatic slip systems were hardly activated during unloading because the stress level was of course lower than that during loading. On the other hand, because the strength of the basal slip systems was much lower than that of the prismatic slip systems, the basal slip systems would be easily activated under the stress level during unloading in the opposite direction when their Schmid’s resolved shear stresses changed signs because of the inhomogeneity of the material. These results indicated that one explanation for the inelastic behavior during unloading was that the basal slip systems were primarily activated owing to their low strengths compared to that of the prismatic slip systems. Numerical tests using the sheets with random orientations and with the more pronounced texture were conducted to further examine the mechanism.     

Ergodic theorem for infinite iterated function systems

1IntroductionandProblem IteratedFunctionSystems(IFS)theorycanbesaidtobethecontinuationanddevelopment ofdynamicalsystemtheory.DynamicalsystemstheorydealswithiterationofonemapbutIFS theorydealswithiterationofmanymaps. IFStheory’srootwasveryearlybutthebeginningofactivedevelopmentwasHutchinson’s paper(1981).Heresearchedselfsimilarityoffractalsetsusingsystemoffinitenumberofsimilar contractionmapsofRn.Barnsleycalledafinitesetofcontractionmappsasaniteratedfunction systemsandsystemizedIFStheo…     

双频内共振系统的Normal Form及其简化

讨论双频内共振系统的 Normal Form及其降维问题.利用发展的 Normal Form直接方法,导出了任意双频内共振系统 Normal Form的一般形式.指出 Poincare共振项分为内共振项和非内共振性两类,并定义了内共振项的阶.提出了一种普遍适用的降维变换,并证明了该变换可将任意双频内共振系统的 Normal Form方程降到3维.应用举例表明,该变换不仅适用于半单问题,也适于非半单问题（即强:1:1内共振系统）.     

Four-Component Gas/Oil Displacements in One Dimension: Part I: Global Triangular Structure

This paper presents an analysis of the mathematical structure of three-component and four-component gas displacements. The structure of one-dimensional flows in which components partition between two phases is governed by the geometry of a set of equilibrium tie lines. We demonstrate that for systems of four components, the governing mass conservation laws for the displacement can be represented by an eigenvalue system whose coefficient matrix has a global triangular structure, which is defined in the paper, for only specific types of phase behavior. We show that four-component systems exhibit global triangular structure if and only if (1) tie lines meet at one edge of the quaternary phase diagram or (2) if tie lines lie in planes. For such systems, shock and rarefaction surfaces coincide and are planes. We prove that systems are of category (2) if equilibrium ratios (K-values) are independent of mixture composition. In particular, for such systems shock and rarefaction curves will coincide. We also show that for systems with variable K-values, the rarefaction surfaces are almost planar in a precise sense, which is described in the paper. Therefore, systems with variable K-values may be well approximated by assuming shock and rarefaction surfaces do coincide. For these special systems the construction of solutions for one-dimensional, two-phase flow with phase behavior simplifies considerably. In Part II, we describe an application of these ideas to systems in which K-values are constant.     

Some properties of multi-degree-of-freedom potential systems and application to statistical equivalent non-linearization

This paper presents some properties of two restricted classes of multi-degree-of-freedom potential systems subjected to Gaussian white-noise excitations. Specifically, potential systems which exhibit damping terms with energy-dependent polynomial form are referred to. In this context, first systems with coupled stiffness terms and damping terms depending on the total energy are investigated. Then, systems with uncoupled stiffness terms and damping terms depending on the total energy in each degree-of-freedom are considered. For these two classes, it is found that algebraic relations among the stationary statistical moments of the energy functions can be derived by applying standard tools of Itô calculus. Further, it is noted that these relations are very useful within the framework of an equivalent statistical non-linearization technique to build approximate solutions for arbitrary non-linear systems.     

The stochastic energy-Casimir methodLa méthode d'énergie-Casimir stochastique

In this paper, we extend the energy-Casimir stability method for deterministic Lie–Poisson Hamiltonian systems to provide sufficient conditions for stability in probability of stochastic dynamical systems with symmetries. We illustrate this theory with classical examples of coadjoint motion, including the rigid body, the heavy top, and the compressible Euler equation in two dimensions. The main result is that stable deterministic equilibria remain stable in probability up to a certain stopping time that depends on the amplitude of the noise for finite-dimensional systems and on the amplitude of the spatial derivative of the noise for infinite-dimensional systems.     

On decentralized stabilization of linear large scale systems with symmetric circulant structure

The decentralized stabilization of continuous and discrete linear large scale systems with symmetric circulant structure was studied. A few sufficient conditions on decentralized stabilization of such systems were proposed. For the continuous systems, by introducing a concept called the magnitude of interconnected structure, a very important property that the decentralized stabilization of such systems is fully determined by the structure of each isolated subsystem that is obtained when the magnitude of interconnected structure of the overall system is given. So the decentralized stabilization of such systems can be got by only appropriately designing or modifying the structure of each isolated subsystem, no matter how complicated the interconnected structure of the overall system is. A algorithm for obtaining decentralized state feedback to stabilize the overall system is given. The discrete systems were also discussed. The results show that there is a great dfference on decentralized stabilization between continuous case and discrete case.     

Generalized finite-time synchronization between coupled chaotic systems of different orders with unknown parameters

This letter investigates the adaptive finite-time synchronization of different coupled chaotic (or hyperchaotic) systems with unknown parameters. The sufficient conditions for achieving the generalized finite-time synchronization of two chaotic systems are derived based on the theory of finite-time stability of dynamical systems. By the adaptive control technique, the control laws and the corresponding parameters update laws are proposed such that the generalized finite-time synchronization of nonidentical chaotic (or hyperchaotic) systems is to be obtained. These results obtained are in good agreement with the existing one in open literature and it is shown that the technique introduced here can be further applied to various finite-time synchronizations between dynamical systems. Finally, numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Another form of equations of motion for constrained multibody systems

This paper presents a new and simplified set of explicit equations of motion for constrained mechanical systems. The equations are applicable with both holonomic and nonholonomic systems and the constraints may, or may not, be ideal. It is shown that this set of equations is equivalent to governing equations developed earlier by others. The connection of these equations with Kane's equations is discussed. It is shown that the developed equations are directly applicable with controlled systems where the controlling forces and moments may be subject to constraints. Finally, a procedure is presented for determining which control force systems are equivalent. Examples are presented to demonstrate the advantages, features, and range of application of the equations.     

Uniqueness for Multidimensional Hyperbolic Systems with Commuting Jacobians

We consider nonlinear hyperbolic systems of conservation laws in several space dimensions with Jacobian matrices that commute, and more generally systems that need not be conservative. Generalizing a theorem by Bressan and LeFloch for one-dimensional systems, we establish that the Cauchy problem admits at most one entropy solution depending continuously upon its initial data. The uniqueness result is proven within the class (introduced here) of locally regular BV functions with locally controlled oscillation. These regularity conditions are modeled on well-known properties in the one-dimensional case. Our uniqueness theorem also improves upon the known results for one-dimensional systems.