基于反向学习的跨种群差分进化算法

针对差分进化（DE）算法存在的寻优精度低、收敛速度慢等问题,借鉴混沌分散策略、反向学习策略（OBL）以及跨种群并行机制,提出一种基于反向学习的跨种群差分进化算法（OLCPDE）。采用混沌分散策略进行种群初始化,将种群划分为精英种群和普通种群,对两个子种群分别采用标准的差分进化策略和基于反向学习的差分进化策略;同时,为进一步提高算法对单峰函数的求解精度和稳定性,采用了一种跨种群的差分进化策略,运用三种策略对子种群进行操作,达到共同进化的目的。实验独立运行30次,OLCPDE在12个标准的测试函数中,有11个函数都能稳定地收敛到全局最优解,优于对比算法。实验结果表明,OLCPDE收敛精度高,能有效避免陷入局部最优点。     

基于反向学习的自适应差分进化算法

为解决差分进化（DE）算法过早收敛与搜索能力低的问题,讨论对控制参数的动态调整,提出一种基于反向学习的自适应差分进化算法。该算法通过反向精英学习机制来增强种群的局部搜索能力,获取精确度更高的最优个体;同时,采用高斯分布随机性提高单个个体的开发能力,通过扩充种群的多样性,避免算法过早收敛,整体上平衡全局搜索与局部寻优的能力。采用CEC 2014中的6个测试函数进行仿真实验,并与其他差分进化算法进行对比,实验结果表明所提算法在收敛速度、收敛精度及可靠性上表现更优。     

Enhancing particle swarm optimization using generalized opposition-based learning

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been shown to yield good performance for solving various optimization problems. However, it tends to suffer from premature convergence when solving complex problems. This paper presents an enhanced PSO algorithm called GOPSO, which employs generalized opposition-based learning (GOBL) and Cauchy mutation to overcome this problem. GOBL can provide a faster convergence, and the Cauchy mutation with a long tail helps trapped particles escape from local optima. The proposed approach uses a similar scheme as opposition-based differential evolution (ODE) with opposition-based population initialization and generation jumping using GOBL. Experiments are conducted on a comprehensive set of benchmark functions, including rotated multimodal problems and shifted large-scale problems. The results show that GOPSO obtains promising performance on a majority of the test problems.     

Parallel differential evolution with self-adapting control parameters and generalized opposition-based learning for solving high-dimensional optimization problems

Solving high-dimensional global optimization problems is a time-consuming task because of the high complexity of the problems. To reduce the computational time for high-dimensional problems, this paper presents a parallel differential evolution (DE) based on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The proposed approach is called GOjDE, which employs self-adapting control parameters and generalized opposition-based learning (GOBL). The adapting parameters strategy is helpful to avoid manually adjusting the control parameters, and GOBL is beneficial for improving the quality of candidate solutions. Simulation experiments are conducted on a set of recently proposed high-dimensional benchmark problems with dimensions of 100, 200, 500 and 1,000. Simulation results demonstrate that GjODE is better than, or at least comparable to, six other algorithms, and employing GPU can effectively reduce computational time. The obtained maximum speedup is up to 75.     

广义逆向学习方法的自适应差分算法

针对差分算法(differential evolution,DE)在解决高维优化问题时参数设置复杂、选择变异策略困难的现象,提出了广义逆向学习方法的自适应差分进化算法(self-adaptive DE algorithm via generalized opposition-based learning,SDE-GOBL)。利用广义的逆向学习方法(generalized opposition-based learning,GOBL)来进行多策略自适应差分算法(Self-adaptive DE,Sa DE)的初始化策略调整,求出各个候选解的相应逆向点,并在候选解和其逆向点中选择所需要的最优初始种群,然后再进行自适应变异、杂交、选择操作,最后通过CEC2005国际竞赛所提供的9个标准测试函数对SDE-GOBL算法进行验证,结果证明该算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的求解精度。     

Enhanced opposition-based differential evolution for solving high-dimensional continuous optimization problems

This paper presents a novel algorithm based on generalized opposition-based learning (GOBL) to improve the performance of differential evolution (DE) to solve high-dimensional optimization problems efficiently. The proposed approach, namely GODE, employs similar schemes of opposition-based DE (ODE) for opposition-based population initialization and generation jumping with GOBL. Experiments are conducted to verify the performance of GODE on 19 high-dimensional problems with D = 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000. The results confirm that GODE outperforms classical DE, real-coded CHC (crossgenerational elitist selection, heterogeneous recombination, and cataclysmic mutation) and G-CMA-ES (restart covariant matrix evolutionary strategy) on the majority of test problems.     

应用精英反向学习的混合烟花爆炸优化算法

针对烟花爆炸优化(FEO)算法容易早熟、解精度低的弱点,提出了一种精英反向学习(OBL)的解空间搜索策略。在每次迭代过程中均对当前最佳个体执行反向学习,生成其动态搜索边界内的反向搜索种群,引导算法向包含全局最优的解空间逼近,以提高算法的平衡和探索能力。为了保持种群的多样性,计算种群内个体对当前最佳个体的突跳概率,并依据此概率值采用轮盘赌机制选择进入子种群的个体。通过在5组标准测试函数的实验仿真并与相关的算法对比,结果表明所提出的改进算法对数值优化具有更高的收敛速度和收敛精度,适合求解高维的数值优化问题。     

具有反向学习和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法

为克服粒子群优化算法进化后期收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等缺点,提出一种具有反向学习和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法.通过设定的阈值,算法将种群进化状态划分为正常状态和"早熟"状态: 若算法处于正常的进化状态,采用标准粒子群优化算法的进化模式;当粒子陷入"早熟"状态,运用反向学习和自适应逃逸功能,对个体最优位置进行反向学习,产生粒子的反向解,增加粒子的反向学习能力,增强算法逃离局部最优的能力,提高算法寻优率.在固定评估次数的情况下,对8个基准测试函数进行仿真,实验结果表明:所提算法在收敛速度、寻优精度和逃离局部最优的能力上明显优于多种经典粒子群优化算法,如充分联系的粒子群优化算法(FIPS)、基于时变加速度系数的自组织分层粒子群优化算法(HPSO-TVAC)、综合学习的粒子群优化算法(CLPSO)、自适应粒子群优化算法(APSO)、双中心粒子群优化算法(DCPSO)和具有快速收敛和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法(FAPSO)等.     

Quantum learning control using differential evolution with equally-mixed strategies

Learning control has been recognized as a powerful approach in quantum information technology. In this paper, we extend the application of differential evolution (DE) to design optimal control for various quantum systems. Various DE methods are introduced and analyzed, and EMSDE featuring in equally mixed strategies is employed for quantum control. Two classes of quantum control problems, including control of four-level open quantum ensembles and quantum superconducting systems, are investigated to demonstrate the performance of EMSDE for learning control of quantum systems. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the EMSDE method for various quantum systems and show the potential for complex quantum control problems.     

基于广义反向学习的磷虾群算法及其在数据聚类中的应用

针对磷虾群（KH）算法在寻优过程中因种群多样性降低而过早收敛的问题，提出基于广义反向学习的磷虾群算法GOBL-KH。首先，通过余弦递减策略确定步长因子平衡算法的探索与开发能力；然后，加入广义反向学习策略对每个磷虾进行广义反向搜索，增强磷虾探索其周围邻域空间的能力。将改进的算法在15个经典测试函数上进行测试并与KH算法、步长线性递减的磷虾群（KHLD）算法和余弦递减步长的磷虾群（KHCD）算法比较，实验结果表明:GOBL-KH算法可有效避免早熟且具有较高的求解精度。为体现算法有效性，将GOBL-KH算法与K均值算法结合提出HK-KH算法用于解决数据聚类问题，即在每次迭代后用最优个体或经过K均值迭代一次后的新个体替换最差个体，使用UCI五个真实数据集进行测试并与K均值、遗传算法（GA）、粒子群优化（PSO）算法、蚁群算法（ACO）、KH算法、磷虾群聚类算法（KHCA）、改进磷虾群（IKH）算法进行比较，结果表明:HK-KH算法适用于解决数据聚类问题且具有较强的全局收敛性和较高的稳定性。     

基于随机邻域变异和趋优反向学习的差分进化算法

传统差分进化（DE）算法在迭代过程中不能充分平衡全局勘探与局部开发,存在易陷入局部最优、求解精度低、收敛速度慢等缺点。为提升算法性能,提出一种基于随机邻域变异和趋优反向学习的差分进化（RNODE）算法并对其进行复杂度分析。首先,为种群中每个个体生成随机邻域,用全局最佳个体引导邻域最佳个体生成复合基向量,结合控制参数自适应更新机制构成随机邻域变异策略,使算法在引导种群向最优方向趋近的同时保持一定的勘探能力;其次,为了进一步帮助算法跳出局部最优,对种群中较差个体执行趋优反向学习操作,扩大搜索区域;最后,将RNODE与九种算法进行对比以验证RNODE的有效性和先进性。在23个Benchmark函数和两个实际工程优化问题上的实验结果表明,RNODE算法收敛精度更高、速度更快、稳定性更优。     

应用佳点集的混合反向学习人工鱼群算法

为了改善人工鱼群算法求解精度较低、容易过早收敛的弱点,提出了一种应用佳点集和反向学习的人工鱼群算法.改进算法在迭代中对当前种群中部分优质个体执行一般动态反向学习,生成它们的反向种群,引导种群向包含全局最优的解空间逼近,以提高算法的平衡和探索能力.当种群的拥挤程度超过阈值λ时,利用佳点集机制对大部分个体重新初始化,以帮助算法脱离局部最优的约束.在六个Benchmark函数上的实验表明,该算法收敛速度快、求解精度高,适合求解函数优化问题.     

Neural network-based colonoscopic diagnosis using on-line learning and differential evolution

In this paper, on-line training of neural networks is investigated in the context of computer-assisted colonoscopic diagnosis. A memory-based adaptation of the learning rate for the on-line back-propagation (BP) is proposed and used to seed an on-line evolution process that applies a differential evolution (DE) strategy to (re-) adapt the neural network to modified environmental conditions. Our approach looks at on-line training from the perspective of tracking the changing location of an approximate solution of a pattern-based, and thus, dynamically changing, error function. The proposed hybrid strategy is compared with other standard training methods that have traditionally been used for training neural networks off-line. Results in interpreting colonoscopy images and frames of video sequences are promising and suggest that networks trained with this strategy detect malignant regions of interest with accuracy.     

结合增广Lagrange罚函数的约束优化差分进化算法

利用增广Lagrange罚函数处理问题的约束条件,提出了一种新的约束优化差分进化算法。基于增广Lagrange惩罚函数,将原约束优化问题转换为界约束优化问题。在进化过程中,根据个体的适应度值将种群分为精英种群和普通种群,分别采用不同的变异策略,以平衡算法的全局和局部搜索能力。用10个经典Benchmark问题进行了测试,实验结果表明,该算法能有效地处理不同的约束优化问题。     

折衷的差分演化算法在有约束优化中的应用

设计了一种求解有约束优化问题的新方案,该方案以一种折衷的差分演化算法为基础,应用两个简单的基于可行解的规则引导算法向可行域搜索,应用周期模式处理边界约束。并用该方案优化了一个标准测试集上的全部函数,试验结果表明,与同类方法相比而言,该方案在收敛速度和稳定性两方面表现出较强的竞争力。     

一种精英反向学习的萤火虫优化算法

为了提高传统萤火虫算法的收敛速度和求解精度,提出了一种精英反向学习的萤火虫优化算法。通过反向学习策略构造精英群体,在精英群体构成的区间上求普通群体的反向解,增加了群体的多样性,提高了算法的收敛速度;同时,为了避免最优个体陷入局部最优,使整个群体在搜索过程中出现停滞,提出了差分演化变异策略;最后,提出了一种线性递减的自适应步长来平衡算法的开发能力。实验结果表明,算法在收敛速度和收敛精度上有更好的效果。     

融合Levy飞行和精英反向学习的WOA-SVM多分类算法

元启发算法-SVM是多分类评价模型的典型架构,在多分类综合决策判定中具有重要的理论与实践意义,为此提出了一种融合Lévy飞行和精英反向学习的鲸鱼优化算法(Lévy flight and elite opposition-based whale optimization algorithm,LFEO-BWOA)-SVM多分类评价算法.利用Lévy飞行策略替代螺旋轨迹策略更新位置信息,有效克服了鲸鱼优化算法易陷入局部寻优的不足;引入精英反向学习机制增加种群多样性,提高了鲸鱼优化算法全局寻优的能力.实验仿真结果表明,LFEO-BWOA-SVM算法在分类准确率上比传统SVM、BP神经网络分别提高17.84％和4.51％,准确率为98.73％,在训练时间上比标准WOA-SVM和PSO-SVM分别缩短了9.34％和84.94％.实验结果证明,LFEO-BWOA-SVM算法的寻优能力和收敛速度均有明显提升,准确率和快速性良好.     

Constrained differential evolution with multiobjective sorting mutation operators for constrained optimization

Differential evolution (DE) is a simple and powerful evolutionary algorithm for global optimization. DE with constraint handling techniques, named constrained differential evolution (CDE), can be used to solve constrained optimization problems (COPs). In existing CDEs, the parents are randomly selected from the current population to produce trial vectors. However, individuals with fitness and diversity information should have more chances to be selected. This study proposes a new CDE framework that uses nondominated sorting mutation operator based on fitness and diversity information, named MS-CDE. In MS-CDE, firstly, the fitness of each individual in the population is calculated according to the current population situation. Secondly, individuals in the current population are ranked according to their fitness and diversity contribution. Lastly, parents in the mutation operators are selected in proportion to their rankings based on fitness and diversity. Thus, promising individuals with better fitness and diversity are more likely to be selected as parents. The MS-CDE framework can be applied to most CDE variants. In this study, the framework is applied to two popular representative CDE variants, (μ + λ)-CDE and ECHT-DE. Experiment results on 24 benchmark functions from CEC’2006 and 18 benchmark functions from CEC’2010 show that the proposed framework is an effective approach to enhance the performance of CDE algorithms.