Present Status of Corneal Contact Lenses in Medical Practice

Common indications for and contraindications to corneal contact lens wear are outlined. The processes of adaptation of the cornea to a correctly fitted contact lens are described. Biomicroscopic examination of the cornea revealed that 29 of 250 eyes in the authors' series showed small abrasions at some time during the fitting period. The dangers of infection of a simple corneal abrasion by such pathogens as Pseudomonas aeruginosa are stressed. Prophylactic treatment of abrasions with a topical antibiotic preparation containing polymyxin is recommended. Serious criticism is levelled at the practice of estimating the fit of a contact lens by the fluorescein pattern only, and repeated keratometry readings combined with biomicroscopy are considered to be essential. It is proposed that the evaluation, fitting and after-care of the contact lens patient should be the responsibility of an ophthalmologist.     

硅水凝胶镜片在翼状胬肉手术中的应用研究简

目的 评价硅水凝胶镜片在翼状胬肉手术中应用的安全性、有效性.方法 将在我院行翼状胬肉手术的40例病人（40眼）随机分为两组,分别在术后应用硅水凝胶镜片及传统加压包扎方法,对两组患者的主观感受、角膜愈合情况、胬肉复发情况等3项指标进行对比研究.结果 硅水凝胶镜片组患者的疼痛感明显好于传统加压包扎组,且硅水凝胶镜片组角膜上皮愈合时间明显缩短.结论 硅水凝胶镜片具有良好的安全性及有效性,能明显减少患者术后不适,加快伤口愈合,提高患者满意度.     

尿激酶角膜接触镜辅助羊膜移植治疗严重角膜烧伤的临床研究

目的:探讨尿激酶和角膜接触镜对急性期严重角膜烧伤羊膜重建的临床治疗可行性和疗效.方法:对63例(65眼)严重角膜烧伤的患者,随机对其中33眼作为治疗组,采用尿激酶(0.5 ml,3 000 U)球结膜下注射,每日1次,连续7-10 d,择机羊膜移植术并配戴软型角膜接触镜,共10-15 d,其余32眼作为对照组,羊膜眼表...     

新型隐形眼镜可减少眼内感染

研究人员最近宣布,新一代的隐形眼镜能显著减少严重眼内感染的风险.     

彩色角膜接触镜染色位置的调查研究

本研究通过100×,200×,400×显微镜,观察各种品牌的彩色角膜接触镜的纵断面切片,分析其染色材料的位置是否接触眼表结构,比较不同设计的彩色角膜接触镜可能对眼内造成的影响,为消费者的选择,质监部门及临床治疗提供实验以及理论依据。     

不同光凝接触镜填充液对中央角膜厚度的影响

目的　比较在行氩激光全视网膜光凝治疗中使用不同接触镜填充液对中央角膜厚度的影响 ,以寻找最适用于该治疗的填充液。方法　对 4 6例 (5 2眼 )患者进行氩激光全视网膜光凝治疗 ,每次分别随机使用 0 2 5 %氯霉素、1%羧甲基纤维素及医用透明质酸钠组作为安放全眼底激光角膜接触镜填充液 ,在治疗前及治疗后均用角膜测厚仪测量患者中央角膜厚度。结果　治疗后使用 0 2 5 %氯霉素组中央角膜平均增厚 (31 4± 10 2 ) μm ,1%羧甲基纤维素组中央角膜平均增厚 (10 6± 4 3) μm ,医用透明质酸钠组中央角膜平均增厚 (8 0± 3 5 ) μm。方差分析显示 :氯霉素组与另两组差异有极显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ,羧甲基纤维素组与透明质酸钠组差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　 1%羧甲基纤维素及医用透明质酸钠作为安放全眼底激光角膜接触镜的填充液对角膜水肿程度的影响明显小于0 2 5 %氯霉素 ,是可供选用的优良填充液     

Extra-Care软性亲水接触镜临床应用的有效性和安全性

目的评价Extra-Care软性亲水接触镜的有效性和安全性.方法选择135例近视眼志愿者,平均年龄（22.49±1.26）岁,所有志愿者签署知情同意书后按照随机数字表方法随机分为配戴Extra-Care软性亲水接触镜组（A组）和配戴NB软性隐形眼镜组（B组）.所有的受试者在入选当天、使用7 d、使用30 d、使用90 d时进行眼部和软性亲水接触,镜检查视力清晰程度、视力稳定性、镜片的中心定位,以及安全性评价指标.结果A组和B组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论Extra-Care软性亲水接触镜的临床应用是有效和安全的.     

隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响

【目的】了解软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响，探讨硬性透气性隐形眼镜减缓近视发展的可能机制。【方法】矫正视力正常的近视眼志愿者20人40眼，用像差仪检查同一志愿者配戴前、配软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜后的波前像差。【结果】同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较，第2．4阶像差明显减小（P〈0．05），而配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较，第2、3、6阶像差明显增加（P〈0．05）。合并有散光的同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较，第2、4阶像差明显减小（P〈0．05），配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较，第4、6、7阶像差明显增加（P〈0．05）。【结论】硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可明显减小近视眼的波前像差，从而改善其视网膜成像质量；配戴软性隐形眼镜则可增加近视眼的波前像差。硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可能通过改善视网膜物像质量而减缓青少年近视的进一步发展。     

隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响

【目的】了解软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响, 探讨硬性透气性隐 形眼镜减缓近视发展的可能机制。【方法】矫正视力正常的近视眼志愿者20 人40 眼, 用像差仪检查同一志愿 者配戴前、配软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜后的波前像差。【结果】同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴 前的波前像差比较, 第2、4 阶像差明显减小( P< 0.05) , 而配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较, 第 2、3、6 阶像差明显增加( P< 0.05) 。合并有散光的同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较, 第2、 4 阶像差明显减小( P< 0.05) , 配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较, 第4、6、7 阶像差明显增加( P< 0.05) 。【结论】 硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可明显减小近视眼的波前像差, 从而改善其视网膜成像质量; 配戴软性隐形眼镜则 可增加近视眼的波前像差。硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可能通过改善视网膜物像质量而减缓青少年近视的进一 步发展。     

近视儿童配戴离焦软性接触镜与角膜塑形镜的安全性和有效性的观察比较

  目的  对比观察近视儿童配戴离焦软性接触镜与角膜塑形镜控制近视的有效性和安全性。  方法   回顾性研究2018年1月至2020年9月我院就诊的儿童近视患者临床资料,共75例儿童纳入分析。离焦软镜组:日戴周边离焦软性接触镜的近视儿童30例（60眼）,男性10例,女性20例,年龄（9.9±1.00）岁,等效球镜度数（?2.78±0.70）D。角膜塑形镜组:配戴角膜塑形镜的近视儿童45例(90眼),女性30例,男性15例,年龄（9.67±1.11）岁,等效球镜度数（?2.67±0.71）D。两组患儿均已配戴12个月及以上框架眼镜后验配接触镜。随访12个月,对比分析两组近视儿童眼轴变化情况及角膜结膜并发症情况。  结果  两组近视儿童戴框架眼镜期间眼轴增加较快,OrthoK组配前的框架期眼轴增量（0.34±0.09） mm,DISC组配前的框架期眼轴增量（0.37±0.07） mm;换为接触镜后戴接触镜12个月后,OrthoK 组眼轴增量（0.18±0.04） mm;DISC组眼轴增量（0.19±0.05） mm,两组儿童更换近视防控方案后眼轴增量均降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两种不同接触镜的眼轴长度增量接近,两者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。配戴两种接触镜12个月期间,慢性滤泡性结膜炎发生率角膜塑形镜组为11.20%,离焦软镜组为20.00%,其中离焦软镜组比例略高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。角膜染色1级发生率角膜塑形镜组为66.70%,离焦软镜组为56.70%;角膜染色2级发生率角膜塑形镜组为17.80%,离焦软镜组为16.70%,其中两种程度的角膜染色角膜塑形镜组比例均略高于离焦软镜,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接触镜乳头性结膜炎发生率角膜塑形镜组为2.20%,离焦软镜组为10.00%,离焦软镜发生率略高于角膜塑形镜,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。  结论  离焦软镜与角膜塑形镜均可有效控制近视儿童眼轴长度的进展,其控制效果均优于框架眼镜,两种接触镜对眼轴控制效果接近。两种接触镜的角结膜并发症较少,安全性较高。     

角膜接触镜国家质量监督抽验回顾与思考

本文通过对11年来角膜接触镜国家质量监督抽验工作的回顾,对抽验依据、产品质量、不合格项目的分析,给出了几点思考和建议.     

长期配戴硬性角膜接触镜对泪膜稳定性的影响

目的探讨长期配戴硬性角膜接触镜对泪膜稳定性的影响。方法选取80例(160眼)患者分成四组:硬性角膜接触镜(RGP组):长期配戴RGP(20例,40眼);角膜塑形镜组:长期夜间配戴角膜塑形镜(22例,44眼);软性接触镜组:长期配戴软性接触镜(20例,40眼);对照组:为无角膜接触镜配戴史的低度近视患者(18例,36眼),分别在戴镜前和戴镜后1个月、6个月、1年、2年检测视力,施墨(Schirmer I)试验检测泪腺分泌功能,泪膜破裂时间(BUT)测定泪膜破裂时间,结膜印迹细胞学(CIC)观察结膜表层细胞形态学改变及结膜杯状细胞数目,泪膜羊齿状实验评估泪液中蛋白质含量的变化,观察结果进行统计学分析。结果各实验组的泪腺分泌功能和泪膜破裂时间均降低,与对照组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各实验组长期持续配戴角膜接触镜后结膜杯状细胞减少,且不能形成良好的蕨样变现象。结论长期配戴角膜接触镜可致泪膜稳定性下降,泪液分泌量减少。     

Knowledge,Practices and Use of Contact Lenses Among University Students in Turkey

AimThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence of contact lens (CL) use among university students, their awareness on CL, and CL users'' practices for the cleaning and care of CLs.MethodsThe data of this cross-sectional study were collected between April 2019 and July 2019. The sample consisted of university students who volunteered to participate in the study. The data obtained from the study were evaluated by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) 22.0 package program in computer environment.Results929 students participated in the study and the average age of them was 21.99±1.85 years (Min. 18 – Max. 24), and it was determined that 36.6% (n=340) of the participants were male, 10.2% (n=95) of the total were using CL, 91.6% (n=87) of them used CL due to visual impairment. When students'' levels of knowledge about the hygiene and care in CL use were examined 85.4% (n=82) washed their hands before wearing/removing CL, 85.3% (n=81) cleaned the lens container and filled it with new solution when the solution in the container was reduced, 18.5% (n=17) continued wearing CL while sleeping, 6.5% (n=6) washed CL with tap water, and 28.3% (n=26) of them stated that they swam in the sea with CL. It was determined that the prevalence of CL use was higher (p= .045) among smoking students.ConclusionHealth professionals are important in the trainings to be given to increase the students'' knowledge of hygiene and care regarding the use of CL. More studies are needed on the effect of smoking status on CL use.     

软性角膜接触镜并发症临床分析

目的 观察配戴软性角膜接触镜致眼部并发症的原因。方法 选择2004年1月～2005年2月在我院门诊就诊并配戴软性角膜接触镜患者120例205眼,详细记录其临床表现、并进行视力、裂隙灯、荧光素角膜染色、泪膜破裂时间检查,最后做出诊断和分析。结果 单纯球结膜充血30眼,巨乳头性结膜炎42眼,干眼症86眼,角膜缘睫状充血及新生血管21眼,角膜病变62眼。结论 配戴角膜接触镜可以引起单纯球结膜充血、巨乳头性结膜炎、干眼症、角膜缘睫状充血及新生血管生成、角膜病变等多种并发症,应严格掌握适应证,注意个人卫生,遵守配戴规则,定期检查。     

Surface Modification of Intraocular Lenses

Objective:

This paper aimed to review the current literature on the surface modification of intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Data Sources:

All articles about surface modification of IOLs published up to 2015 were identified through a literature search on both PubMed and ScienceDirect.

Study Selection:

The articles on the surface modification of IOLs were included, but those on design modification and surface coating were excluded.

Results:

Technology of surface modification included plasma, ion beam, layer-by-layer self-assembly, ultraviolet radiation, and ozone. The main molecules introduced into IOLs surface were poly (ethylene glycol), polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, TiO₂, heparin, F-heparin, titanium, titanium nitride, vinyl pyrrolidone, and inhibitors of cytokines. The surface modification either resulted in a more hydrophobic lens, a more hydrophilic lens, or a lens with a hydrophilic anterior and hydrophobic posterior surface. Advances in research regarding surface modification of IOLs had led to a better biocompatibility in both in vitro and animal experiments.

Conclusion:

The surface modification is an efficient, convenient, economic and promising method to improve the biocompatibility of IOLs.