激光能量对脉冲激光沉积法制备ZnO薄膜性能的影响

脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)易于获得高质量的氧化物薄膜已成为一种重要的制备ZnO薄膜的技术.采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)(KrF准分子激光器:波长248 nm,频率5 Hz,脉冲宽度20 ns)方法在氧气气氛中以高纯Zn(99.999%)为靶材、在单晶硅和石英衬底表而成功生长了ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪、表面轮廓仪、荧光光谱仪、紫外可见分光光度计对合成薄膜材料的晶体结构、厚度、光学性质等进行了研究,分析了激光能量变化对其性能的影响.实验结果表明我们使用PLD法可以制备出(002)结晶取向和透过率高于75%的ZnO薄膜,激光能量为450 mJ的ZnO薄膜的发射性能较好,但激光能量的增加不能改善薄膜的透光率.     

ZnO：Ag薄膜的结构对其紫外发光增强的研究

利用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD),在Si(100)衬底上生长了银掺杂的氧化锌薄膜(ZnO:Ag),所用的激光波长分别是1064 nm和355 nm.通过x射线衍射分析发现,两种不同激光沉积样品的晶体结构有很大的区别.此外,由1064 nm激光制备的ZnO:Ag薄膜,在氧气中800℃的条件下退火一个小时后,在其光致发光(PL)谱中发现,样品的紫外发光峰强度随薄膜中Ag含量增加而急剧增强,但在同样条件下处理的由355 nm激光制备的薄膜,没有观察到类似现象.经过分析和比较,我们认为这种紫外发光增强的特殊现象,是ZnO:Ag薄膜中的纳米Ag颗粒所引起的局部等离子共振而导致.     

AZO薄膜双靶PLD沉积及其光学性能分析

介绍了利用锌靶和铝靶在氧气气氛中进行掺铝氧化锌(AZO)透明导电薄膜的脉冲激光沉积(PLD)新方法，并与利用ZnO陶瓷靶沉积AZO薄膜的方法进行了对比，分析了此方法的优势和特点。描述了利用该方法在玻璃和硅片上沉积AZO薄膜的实验过程。通过透射光谱分析了沉积的透明导电膜在可见光区的透射性能，用X-射线衍射谱(XRD)研究了薄膜的结构。     

退火对用PLD法制备ZnO薄膜的发光影响

用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在Si(111)和蓝宝石衬底上制备的氧化锌薄膜,在不同的退火温度和不同的退火氛围中进行了退火处理.退火温度及退火氛围对ZnO薄膜的结构和发光特性的影响用X射线衍射(XRD)谱和光致发光谱进行了表征.实验结果表明,随着退火温度的提高,ZnO薄膜的压应力减小,并向张应力转化.在不同的退火温度退火...     

ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上射频溅射ZnO:Al薄膜的SEM研究

结合ZnO薄膜在Cu-Ⅲ-Ⅵ2基薄膜太阳电池上的应用,采用射频磁控溅射技术以陶瓷ZnO:Al2O3为靶材在ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上于固定沉积条件下低温(200℃)制备了铝掺杂氧化锌(ZnO:Al)薄膜.运用扫描电子显微镜研究了底层材料特别是ZnS和CuInS2的生长参数对沉积的ZnO:Al薄膜的表面形貌的影响.实验发现,衬底材料中硫含量的增加(无论来自ZnS还是来自CuInS2),都会引起沉积ZnO:Al薄膜结晶质量的提高,而金属含量的增大将有利于薄膜均匀性的改进.     

ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上射频溅射ZnO:Al薄膜的SEM研究

结合ZnO薄膜在Cu-Ⅲ-Ⅵ2基薄膜太阳电池上的应用,采用射频磁控溅射技术以陶瓷ZnO:Al2O3为靶材在ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上于固定沉积条件下低温(200℃)制备了铝掺杂氧化锌(ZnO:Al)薄膜.运用扫描电子显微镜研究了底层材料特别是ZnS和CuInS2的生长参数对沉积的ZnO:Al薄膜的表面形貌的影响.实验发现,衬底材料中硫含量的增加(无论来自ZnS还是来自CuInS2),都会引起沉积ZnO:Al薄膜结晶质量的提高,而金属含量的增大将有利于薄膜均匀性的改进.     

ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上射频溅射ZnO∶Al薄膜的SEM研究

结合ZnO薄膜在Cu-III-VI2基薄膜太阳电池上的应用，采用射频磁控溅射技术以陶瓷ZnO∶Al2O3为靶材在ZnS/CuInS2/Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底上于固定沉积条件下低温（200℃）制备了铝掺杂氧化锌（ZnO∶Al）薄膜. 运用扫描电子显微镜研究了底层材料特别是ZnS和CuInS2的生长参数对沉积的ZnO∶Al薄膜的表面形貌的影响. 实验发现，衬底材料中硫含量的增加（无论来自ZnS还是来自CuInS2) ，都会引起沉积ZnO∶Al薄膜结晶质量的提高，而金属含量的增大将有利于薄膜均匀性的改进.     

氧压对ZnO薄膜电阻温度系数的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术,在不同氧气氛下,在Si(lll)衬底上生长了ZnO薄膜,使用X线衍射仪分析了ZnO薄膜的结晶质量.计算了不同氧气氛下生长的ZnO薄膜的电阻温度系数(TCR)值,发现随着氧分压降低,ZnO薄膜的TCR值增大;ZnO薄膜的TCR值最高可达-8%/K.这为研究ZnO薄膜的导电特性提供了新的途径,开辟了ZnO薄膜在室温非制冷红外微测辐射热计材料中的应用潜力.     

PLD法制备透明ZnO薄膜的主要点缺陷研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在石英衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜。为研究ZnO薄膜内部主要点缺陷,我们用(002)ZnO单晶与ZnO薄膜作对比,并进行了霍尔测试、X线衍射(XRD)和光学透射谱等基本表征。霍尔测量得到的高的霍尔迁移率及XRD图表明,制备的ZnO薄膜结晶良好,具有沿c轴高度择优取向。同时,ZnO薄膜衍射峰相对于单晶向大角度方向发生了漂移。透射谱表明,ZnO薄膜在可见光区透过率为75%,吸收带边相对于单晶发生蓝移。各种表征手段证明PLD法制备的ZnO薄膜主要点缺陷为Zn填隙(Zni)。     

PLD方法在CVD金刚石膜上生长ZnO薄膜及其特性研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术,在(110)和(100)织构金刚石膜上成功制备出高度c-轴取向的ZnO薄膜,然后在纯氮气氛条件下对ZnO薄膜进行退火处理.作为比较,也在(100)Si上生长的ZnO薄膜进行了相同的处理.通过测量X射线衍射(XRD)谱和光致发光(PL)谱,研究了不同衬底性质和退火对薄膜结构和发光特性的影响.实验结果表明,在(100)织构金刚石上的ZnO膜具有最好的结晶质量,其半高宽只有0.2°.退火之后近紫外发光峰明显减弱的同时,绿色发光峰得到增强.这里归结为氮气退火后氧空位的增加,这点从退火后的XPS谱中可以得到进一步的确认.     

Recent Advances in ZnO Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Pulsed laser deposition （PLD） is emerging as the most rapid and efficient technique for fabricating the many compound films. ZnO thin films can be prepared under various deposition conditions by PLD. The effects of various substrate temperature, oxygen partial pressure, annealing temperature, substrate, buffer layers thickness and film thickness on micro-structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO films grown by PLD technology are reviewed. ZnO films with special function can grow under proper conditions by PLD.     

用脉冲激光沉积方法制备的ZnO薄膜的结构及光致发光特性

在从室温到800℃的温度范围内,用脉冲激光沉积方法在Al₂O₃（0001）衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜。采用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜以及荧光光谱仪分别研究了衬底温度对ZnO薄膜表面形貌、结晶质量和光致发光特性的影响。X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜的结果表明,当衬底温度从室温升高到400℃时,ZnO薄膜的结构及结晶质量逐渐提高,而当衬底温度超过400℃时,其结构和结晶质量变差;在400℃下生长的ZnO薄膜具有最佳的表面形貌和结晶质量。室温光致发光的测量结果表明,400℃下生长的ZnO薄膜的紫外发光强度最强,且发光波长最短（386 nm）。     

激光重复频率对ZnO薄膜发光特性的影响

在不同激光重复频率下用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)在Si (111)衬底上生长了ZnO薄膜, 以325 nm He-Cd激光器为激发源获得了薄膜的荧光光谱以研究其发光特性, 用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌, 结果表明, 在激光重复频率为5 Hz时薄膜不仅具有良好的结晶质量, 同时也具有优异的紫外发光特性。对于相同的生长时间, 通过分析薄膜的厚度和激光脉冲频率的关系发现：每一个激光脉冲并不对应于薄膜的一个生长瞬间, 而是能够在较长的时间内维持薄膜生长的必要成分和分压。     

Synthesis and characterization of phosphorus-doped ZnO and (Zn,Mg)O thin films via pulsed laser deposition

The transport and optical properties of phosphorus-doped (Zn,Mg)O thin films grown via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) are studied. The carrier type of as-deposited (Zn,Mg)O:P films converts from n-type to p-type with increasing oxygen partial pressure. All the films exhibit good crystallinity with c-axis orientation. This result indicates the importance of oxidation conditions in realizing p-type (Zn,Mg)O:P films. The as-deposited ZnO:P film properties show a strong dependence on the deposition ambient at different growth temperatures. The resistivity of the samples deposited in O₃/O₂ mixture is two orders of magnitude higher than the films grown in oxygen and O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture. The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) of the as-deposited films has been shown that growing in the O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture ambient significantly increases the band edge emission while inhibiting the visible emission. The enhanced ultraviolet (UV) emission in the films grown in O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture may result from hydrogen passivation of the deep level emission centers. The annealed ZnO:P films are n-type with nonlinear dependence of resistivity on annealing temperature. The resistivity increases in the films with annealing at 800°C while decreasing with further increasing annealing temperature. Strong visible light emission is observed from the ZnO:P films annealed in oxygen.     

Origin of room-temperature ferromagnetism in cobalt-doped ZnO

Thin films of ZnO doped with cobalt have been grown by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique in different temperatures ranging from 500°C to 650°C. The films grown on sapphire c-plane single crystal were found to be highly epitaxial. Magnetic properties of these films were studied, and the films exhibited ferromagnetic characteristics at room temperature. Detailed structural and microstructural characterization was performed to correlate the fate of the magnetic impurities, i.e., cobalt, and the cause of magnetic properties. It is established from this work that the magnetic properties of these films are inherent to the system, and any presence of second phase/nanoclusters/precipitates are ruled out as the cause of magnetic properties. The techniques used to establish these were conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) along with electron-energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and scanning transmission electron microscopy-atomic number (STEM-Z) contrast studies.     

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Properties of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

ZnO thin films are deposited on n-Si（111） substrates by pulsed laser deposition（PLD） system. Then the samples are annealed at different temperatures in air ambient and their properties are investigated particularly as a function of annealing temperature. The microstructure, morphology and optical properties of the as-grown ZnO films are studied by X-ray diffraetion（XRD）. atomic force mieroseope（AFM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and photoluminescence（PL） spectra. The results show that the as- grown ZnO films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred c-axis orientation. Moreover, the diameters of the ZnO crystallites become larger and the crystal quality of the ZnO fihns is improved with the increase of annealing temperature.     

Optical and electrical properties of epitaxial (Mg,Cd)xZn1−xO, ZnO, and ZnO:(Ga,Al) thin films on c-plane sapphire grown by pulsed laser deposition

A consistent set of epitaxial, n-type conducting ZnO thin films, nominally undoped, doped with Ga or Al, or alloyed with Mg or Cd, was grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on single-crystalline c-plane sapphire (0 0 0 1) substrates, and characterized by Hall measurement, and UV/VIS optical transmission spectroscopy.The optical band gap of undoped ZnO films at nearly 3.28 eV was shifted by alloying with Mg up to 4.5 eV and by alloying with Cd down to 3.18 eV, dependent on the alloy composition. In addition, highly doped ZnO:Al films show a blue-shifted optical absorption edge due to filling of electronic states in the conduction band.The Hall transport data of the PLD (Mg,Zn,Cd)O:(Ga,Al) thin films span a carrier concentration range of six orders of magnitude from 3 × 10¹⁴ to 3 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³, which corresponds to a resistivity from 5 × 10⁻⁴ to 3 × 10³ Ω cm. Structurally optimized, nominally undoped ZnO films grown with ZnO nucleation and top layer reached an electron mobility of 155 cm²/V s (300 K), which is among the largest values reported for heteroepitaxial ZnO thin films so far.Finally, we succeeded in combining the low resistivity of ZnO:Ga and the band gap shift of MgZnO in MgZnO:Ga thin films. This results demonstrate the unique tunability of the optical and electrical properties of the ZnO-based wide-band gap material for future electronic devices.     

脉冲激光制备ZnO压敏电阻薄膜

利用脉冲激光沉积技术，在光学玻璃基片上制备了性能良好的ＺｎＯ压敏多晶薄膜，其非线性系数ａ≥６，压敏转折电压约３．５Ｖ。