共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
利用1948年1月~2004年12月逐月NCEP/NCAR的全球1000 hPa、850 hPa、700 hPa、600 hPa、500 hPa、400 hPa、300 hPa、200 hPa、150 hPa、100 hPa的10层经向格点风,计算了全球越赤道气流和年变化,分析了全球850 hPa越赤道气流通道的时、空变化特征。指出在研究的时间段内,全球850 hPa越赤道气流有明显的长期趋势变化和年代际变化。近57年,6~8月的45~50°E、5~9月的105~115°E、5~9月和5~11月的130~140°E、2~4月的20~25°E的越赤道气流有明显的加强,6~8月的50~35°W的越赤道气流减弱。夏季索马里的越赤道气流,平均每10年增强0.25 m/s,而130~140°E,5~9月的越赤道气流,平均每10年增强0.32 m/s。奇异谱分析表明,850 hPa越赤道气流的年代际变化和趋势变化的方差贡献达到35%~45%。年际变化的方差贡献不超过30%,还指出夏季太平洋的越赤道气流的强度变化与南方涛动有明显关系,弱南方涛动时,有强的越赤道气流。而索马里急流强度与北大西洋涛动有弱的正相关。 相似文献
2.
基于奇异谱分析的南方涛动指数短期气候预测试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) time series is analyzed by means of the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method with 60-month window length. Two major oscillatory pairs are found in the series whose pe riods are quasi-four and quasi-two years respectively. The auto-regressive model, which is developed on the basis of the Maximum Entropy Spectrum Analy sis, is fitted to each of the 9 leading components including the oscillatory pairs. The prediction of SOI with the 36-month lead is obtained from the reconstruction of these extrapolated series. Correlation coefficient between predicted series and 5 months running mean of observed series is up to 0.8. The model can successfully predict the peak and duration of the strong ENSO event from 1997 to 1998. It's also shown that the proper choice of reconstructed components is the key to improve the model prediction. 相似文献
3.
A new method of analysis namely, Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) is applied to the Indian Summer Monsoon (June-September) Rainfall (ISMR) series. The method is efficient in extracting the statistically significant oscillations with periods 2.8 and 2.3 year from the white noise of the ISMR series. The study shows that 2.8 / 2.3 year cycle captures the variability of the ISMR related to Southern Oscillation / Quasi Biennial Oscillation. The temporal structure of these oscillations show that these are in phase in extreme (excess and drought) monsoon conditions as well as in El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) years. Both these oscillations show minimum variability during the period 1920-1940 and there is an increasing trend in the variability of these oscillations in the recent decades. The study enables to obtain pure signal consisting of reconstructed time series using these two Oscillations, from the original white noise series. 相似文献
4.
利用新疆地区具有较好代表性的23个气象台站1960-2009年的历史气候资料,运用线性倾向估计对新疆地区近50 a来气候变化的主要特征进行了分析.结果表明:近50 a来,新疆地区能量供给因子中的最高、最低和平均温度都呈明显的上升趋势,而日照时数、温度年较差呈明显的下降趋势,云量的变化趋势不明显并略有下降;空气动力因子风速的下降趋势显著;湿度因子中空气相对湿度和降水量略有上升趋势,而水汽压有明显上升趋势.受此影响,近50 a新疆地区气候总体趋于干向湿发展的趋势,气候朝暖湿方向变化. 相似文献
5.
6.
利用SCSA(奇异交叉谱分析)方法,对中低纬海气及中低纬环流相互作用的耦合同期信号进行分析。结果表明:在3-7年尺度上海气相互作用关系密切,这个尺度与ENSO循环尺度基本一致,且其振荡行为与ENSO根荡相似.从这个意义上说在中低纬海气相互作用中,ENSO是个强信号;中低纬环流相互作用存在10-12年及准4年的优势耦合周期,其中准4年振荡和ENSO循环尺度相一致.这说明中低纬环流相互作用,除受ENSO影响外,自身还存在10年左右的振荡周期。 相似文献
7.
Predictions of averaged SST monthly anomalous series for Nino 1-4 regions in the context of auto-adaptive filter are made using a model combining the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and auto-regression (AR). The results have shown that the scheme is efticient in forward forecaning of the strong ENSO event in 1997-1998, it is of high reliability in retrospective forecasting of three corresponding historical strong ENSO events. It is seen that the scheme has stable skill and large accuracy for experiments of both independent samples and real cases.With modifications, the SSA-AR scheme is expected to become an efficient model in routine predictions of ENSO. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
This paper analyzed the time evolution of the global 1000 hPa height anomalies related to the sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern equatorial Pacific by using ECMWF data in the period 1979-1988, in which two Pacific warm events, 1982/83 and 1986/787, are included. It is found that there are distinct evidences of eastward propagation of alternate positive / negative height anomalies not only in the tropical South Pacific but also in the tropical North Pacific. The former is associated with the Southern Oscillation (SO) and the latter is associated with the so-called Northern Oscillation (NO).It is noteworthy that the alternate positive / negative anomaly centers associated with SO and NO can be traced back to the middle and higher latitudes of the South Indian Ocean and the East Asian continent respectively, which may be significant for the understanding of the causes and mechanism of SO and NO and for the monitoring of ENSO.Furthermore, these evolution processes have a strong symmetry about the 相似文献
11.
2005年6月17—24日,华南地区发生了连续多日的暴雨天气过程,给该地区带来了严重的洪涝灾害,在此期间南半球有较强的冷空气活动。为了弄清南半球冷空气对这次连续多日暴雨过程的影响及其物理途径,利用NCEP每6小时1°×1°经纬度的再分析资料、逐小时的TBB以及华南地区地面降水等资料,以这次连续性暴雨天气过程为例,初步分析了南半球冷空气爆发在华南地区暴雨形成中的作用。结果发现:在500hPa西风带低压槽的诱导下,马斯克林高压向东移动并登陆澳大利亚,促使南半球冷空气爆发,加大了40~60°E、60~70°E和85~95°E等通道的越赤道气流,它们转向后汇向华南地区,增强了华南南部和南海北部地区的低空急流和暴雨区的水汽输送,这是华南地区连续多日暴雨的主要原因之一。 相似文献
12.
基于奇异谱分析的江淮降水场预测模型研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
中国的降水预报主要是对汛期(夏季)的单站降水量或区域的降水型态进行预报,而主要的预报方法为动力学方法和统计学方法。据此,利用江淮地区的月降水量标准化序列,得到江淮地区降水时空分布型态。并在此基础上,利用奇异谱分析和时间序列的分析方法,设计了统计学的降水预测模型,对江淮地区的月降水量进行了预测试验。结果表明,模型能对江淮降水场的趋势作出较好的预报,且递推时间短时预报效果较好。 相似文献
13.
基于中国气象局西南雨季监测标准和高空间分辨率的台站日降水资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了西南雨季开始日期的气候特征及和索马里、孟加拉湾越赤道气流的关系,发现西南雨季的气候平均开始时间约为5月第4候,且在2000年前后有从偏晚向偏早转变的趋势。统计诊断分析表明,在东半球低层的几支越赤道气流中,只有索马里和孟加拉湾越赤道气流的强弱会影响到雨季开始早晚和雨量大小,且都对应于急流强雨季早、急流弱雨季晚的特征,但在月尺度上前者的作用更强。急流通道中心经向风和赤道印度洋纬向风对雨季的超前相关及逐日变率合成分析表明,索马里地区经向风速在雨季爆发前十日开始为正的日较差,即十日前经向风持续增强,并在约七日至五日前作用最为显著,从而对西南雨季起到触发作用。在这一触发过程中,索马里急流的超前影响要早于孟加拉湾越赤道气流。受上游越赤道气流影响,赤道印度洋西风和孟加拉湾西南气流也会增强,为西南地区提供充沛的水汽。 相似文献
14.
基于SSA-MGF的BP神经网络多步预测模型 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
采用奇异谱分析(Singular Spectrum Analysis,SSA)方法对标准化样本序列进行准周期信号分量重建,将重建序列构造均值生成函数(Mean Generating Function.MGF)延拓矩阵作为输入因子,原样本序列作为输出因子,构建BP神经网络多步预测模型。通过实际建模并与逐步回归等方法进行对比预测试验,结果表明,基于SSA-MGF的BP神经网络多步预测模型预测效果优于其他3种模型,说明SSA的去噪及BP神经网络预报模型对于提高预测准确率是相对有效的,是一种具有较高应用价值的多步预测方法。 相似文献
15.
16.
《大气科学学报》1992,15(2):37-44
The seasonal variation of the cross-equatorial flow in the eastern hemisphereis analyzed by using the 6-level monthly mean wind data from January 1979 to December 1987. The results are shown as follows:The center of the cross-equatorial flow exists in the lower troposphere in winter and summer but in the upper troposphere inspring and fall. The flow propagates southward in winter and fall but northward in summer and spring. The flow turns south wind into north wind in March and November inthe lower troposphere but in June and January in the upper troposphere. Remarkableanomaly is observed in the crossequatorial flow during the the El Nino year,but assumesdifferent forms. During the El Nino year, the summer lower cross-equatorial flow becomes steadily set up 2-3 pentads later than during the normal year and has more intraseasonal variation and shorter steay maintenance. 相似文献
17.
导出了两个Walker环流线性诊断方程,一个适用于数值模拟热带地区某一纬度的Walk-er环流;另一个适用于数值模拟经向平均的Walker环流。推导所用的基本方程组中,除了经向运动方程用梯度风平衡方程取代外,其余方程都是球─p坐标系的原始方程。 相似文献
18.
南海夏季风爆发早晚的越赤道气流特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据国家气候中心提供的南海夏季风爆发期典型偏早(1966、1972、1996、2000、2001年)和偏晚年份(1970、1973、1987、1989、1991年),利用ECMW F再分析1-5月逐日经向风资料,计算5个通道越赤道气流和越赤道乞流总量的距平值;探讨越赤道气流与南海夏季风爆发早晚的关系与特征。为预测南海夏季风爆发早晚提供判据。 相似文献
19.
冬季蒙古高压的时空变化和突变特征研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用Hadley中心的155年全球月平均海平面气压资料(1850年1月—2004年12月),研究了冬季蒙古高压的振荡周期和突变特征。在定义冬季蒙古高压指数的基础上,通过EOF展开,分析了冬季北半球海平面气压的时空变率分布;应用奇异谱分析的方法重建了冬季蒙古高压主要周期振荡序列,并着重分析其年际和年代际变化特征。根据Mann-Kendall气候突变检测法,检测了冬季蒙古高压存在的气候突变点。研究表明:冬季蒙古高压具有显著的年际和年代际变化,主要存在准两年和3~4年的年际变化周期,以及13~14年、20~21年和35~36年的年代际变化周期,而且准两年周期的振幅也存在显著的年代际变化;蒙古高压20~21年的周期与阿留申低压变化的位相不甚一致,35~36年的周期与阿留申低压变化的位相极为相似。经突变检测,发现冬季蒙古高压在1927年前后为明显的气候突变点。 相似文献
20.
The aim of the paper is to analyze a possible teleconnection of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), Southern Oscillation (SO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Arctic Oscillation (AO) phenomena with longterm streamflow fluctuation of the Bela River (1895-2004) and Cierny Hron River (1931-2004) (central Slovakia). Homogeneity, long-term trends, as well as inter-annual dry and wet cycles were analyzed for the entire 1895-2004 time series of the Bela River and for the 1931-2004 time series of the Cierny Hron River. Inter-annual fluctuation of the wet and dry periods was identified using spectral analysis. The most significant period is that of 3.6 years. Other significant periods are those of 2.35 years, 13.5 years, and 21 years. Since these periods were found in other rivers of the world, as well as in SO, NAO, and AO phenomena, they can be considered as relating to the general regularity of the Earth. 相似文献