共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 77 毫秒
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张雅婷;孙月梅;张娟红;霍妍;李雪;李文斌;赵安鹏;王荣 《中国药理学通报》2020,(12):1650-1655
人类的皮肤、口腔、鼻咽部和肠道等部位定植着各种各样的微生物,这些微生物和其寄居环境一起组成了动态的微生态系统,其中肠道中的微生物数量庞大,种类繁多,与肠道环境一起形成了人体中最重要的微生态系统。肠道菌群与人体的共生关系使其在宿主的消化吸收、稳态维持、生理病理状态、药物吸收代谢等多个方面都有着巨大的影响。肠道菌群和药物之间存在复杂的相互作用,药物进入体内后会对肠道菌群的种类数量产生影响;肠道菌群会对中药成分及化学药物的药物成分产生活化、失活或毒化的代谢效果。本文阐述了肠道菌群-药物的相互影响,以及肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响机制。 相似文献
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肠道菌群在物质信息传递、代谢等方面发挥重要作用,随着生物技术的进步,人们对肠道菌群与宿主健康的关系有了进一步的认识。近年来的研究发现,肠道菌群与某些药物毒性存在相关性。本文总结了药物肝毒性、肾毒性、神经毒性和生殖及幼龄毒性相关的肠道菌群研究成果,以期为药物毒理研究提供参考。 相似文献
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陈慧青;罗建权;龚金玉;邢开;彭思银 《中南药学》2022,(1):140-145
高血压是全球最常见的慢性疾病之一,在人群中发病率较高并趋于年轻化,严重影响人类健康。其中,药物治疗是高血压的重要治疗策略,一定程度提高了我国高血压的控制率,但总体仍处于较低水平。近年来,大量文献报道了肠道菌群与高血压存在密切关系,与抗高血压药物效果反应也存在显著相关性。本文综述了肠道菌群与高血压疾病机制的研究,并探讨了肠道菌群与常用一线降压药物治疗效果的关系,为改善高血压治疗提供理论依据。 相似文献
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肠道菌群是定植在人体内复杂而庞大的微生物群落,肠道菌群及其代谢物短链脂肪酸在参与人体代谢、抵御外来致病菌以及调节免疫机制等方面发挥重要作用。近年来,不少研究发现肠道菌群与骨骼代谢密切相关。肠道菌群可通过营养吸收、短链脂肪酸生成、调节机体免疫、影响机体代谢等多种途径调控骨代谢,影响骨量变化。本文综述了肠道菌群影响骨代谢中骨量变化的潜在途径及作用机制,以及中药干预肠道菌群调控骨代谢的相关进展,以期为骨代谢相关疾病骨质疏松症的防治提供新思路。 相似文献
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研究发现人体中的肠道菌群在各种疾病的发生和发展中扮演着重要的角色,被认为是人体的\"第9大系统\"\"第2基因组\".肠道菌群及其代谢产物直接影响着人体的健康.本文综述肠道菌群代谢产物与糖尿病、高血脂、免疫系统、结肠癌及心血管疾病的相关性及其潜在的作用机制. 相似文献
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Introduction: Gut microbiota plays critical roles in drug metabolism. The variation of gut microbiota contributes to the interindividual differences toward drug therapy including drug-induced toxicity and efficacy. Accordingly, the investigation and elucidation of gut microbial impacts on drug metabolism and toxicity will not only facilitate the way of personalized medicine, but also improve rational drug design.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of the microbiota–host co-metabolism on drug metabolism and summarizes 30 clinical drugs that are co-metabolized by host and gut microbiota. Moreover, this review is specifically focused on elucidating the gut microbial modulation of some clinical drugs, in which the gut microbial influences on drug metabolism, drug-induced toxicity and efficacy are discussed.Expert opinion: The gut microbial contribution to drug metabolism and toxicity is increasingly recognized, but remains largely unexplored due to the extremely complex relationship between gut microbiota and host. The mechanistic elucidation of gut microbiota in drug metabolism is critical before any practical progress in drug design or personalized medicine could be made by modulating human gut microbiota. Analytical technique innovation is urgently required to strengthen our capability in recognizing microbial functions, including metagenomics, metabolomics and the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge. 相似文献
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药物的安全性与有效性是临床治疗中的关键问题,大量研究表明,人体微生物与药物的疗效、不良反应等显著相关。随着人类微生物组计划的实施,药物微生物组学成为当前生命科学和医学的研究热点。药物微生物组学是药物基因组学的重要扩展和补充,致力于研究药物与微生物之间的相互作用及其与药物效应之间的关系。药物微生物组学研究尚处于起步阶段,其发展将为个体化医学和精准医疗提供必要参考。简介药物微生物组学的发展,并对肠道菌群与个体化用药的国内外研究现状进行综述。 相似文献
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Gut microbial communities are capable of enzymatically transforming pharmaceutical compounds into active, inactive, and toxic metabolites, thus potentially affecting the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of orally administered medications. Our understanding of the impact and clinical relevance of how gut microbial communities can directly and indirectly affect drug metabolism and, ultimately, clinical outcomes, is limited. Interindividual variability of gut microbial composition may partially explain differences observed in drug efficacy and toxicity in certain patient populations. This review provides an overview of how gut microbial communities can potentially contribute to individual drug response. This review focuses on the current landscape of clinical and preclinical research that defines the microbiome contribution on medication response with the goal of improving medication efficacy and decreasing medication toxicity. 相似文献
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鞣花酸是一种天然的抗氧化剂多酚二内酯,具有抗炎、抑菌、抗肿瘤等药理作用,但如何提高其生物利用度是医药学界一直以来关注的问题,近年来科学家发现肠道菌群可多途径参与鞣花酸的代谢,并改变其功效。研究表明,人体中的肠道菌群与鞣花酸发生相互作用,一方面肠道菌群对鞣花酸的化学结构进行生物转化,产生新的代谢物尿石素;另一方面,鞣花酸在胃肠道的利用度较低,但部分会被肠道微生物代谢成尿石素类产物提高生物利用率。本文总结了关于肠道菌群与鞣花酸成分相互作用的最新研究进展,介绍天然鞣花酸在肠道菌群作用下转化类型及代谢特征,同时阐述鞣花酸对肠道菌群的调节作用;此外,本文对肠道菌群作用下鞣花酸和尿石素的多种药理活性进行阐述,为深入研究如何提高鞣花酸的生物利用度,以及研究鞣花酸和尿石素等其他多酚类天然产物在体内的代谢特征及药效作用机制提供有效的科学参考。 相似文献
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肝细胞癌的发病分子机制十分复杂,具有预后差、死亡率高的特点,并且对其有效的系统的治疗方案非常有限。近年来,随着国家对传统民族医药发展的重视,涌现出许多具有较好临床疗效的中药化合物。其中,天然产物小檗碱包含多种药理活性并且无明显毒副作用。最近的研究表明小檗碱可以通过多个方面发挥预防和降低肝细胞癌的作用,包括改善糖脂代谢,作用于线粒体有氧呼吸链,调节肠道微生态,作用于micro RNAs,以及诱导p53上调和抑制分化抑制因子-1(Id-1)表达等。综述小檗碱通过改善代谢水平抗肝细胞癌的研究进展,为临床应用提供依据。 相似文献
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Rodrigues AC Li X Radecki L Pan YZ Winter JC Huang M Yu AM 《Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition》2011,32(6):355-367
Several noncoding microRNAs (miR or miRNA) have been shown to regulate the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Xenobiotic drug-induced changes in enzyme and transporter expression may be associated with the alteration of miRNA expression. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of 19 xenobiotic drugs (e.g. dexamethasone, vinblastine, bilobalide and cocaine) on the expression of ten miRNAs (miR-18a, -27a, -27b, -124a, -148a, -324-3p, -328, -451, -519c and -1291) in MCF-7, Caco-2, SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-M17 cell systems. The data revealed that miRNAs were differentially expressed in human cell lines and the change in miRNA expression was dependent on the drug, as well as the type of cells investigated. Notably, treatment with bilobalide led to a 10-fold increase of miR-27a and a 2-fold decrease of miR-148a in Caco-2 cells, but no change of miR-27a and a 2-fold increase of miR-148a in MCF-7 cells. Neuronal miR-124a was generally down-regulated by psychoactive drugs (e.g. cocaine, methadone and fluoxetine) in BE(2)-M17 and SH-SY5Y cells. Dexamethasone and vinblastine, inducers of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, suppressed the expression of miR-27b, -148a and -451 that down-regulate the enzymes and transporters. These findings should provide increased understanding of the altered gene expression underlying drug disposition, multidrug resistance, drug-drug interactions and neuroplasticity. 相似文献
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Rahul Mittal Amit P. Patel Vasanti M. Jhaveri Sae-In S. Kay Luca H. Debs James M. Parrish 《Expert opinion on drug delivery》2018,15(3):301-318
Introduction: The emergent field of nanoparticles has presented a wealth of opportunities for improving the treatment of human diseases. Recent advances have allowed for promising developments in drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Modified delivery systems allow improved drug delivery over traditional pH, microbe, or receptor dependent models, while antibody association allows for more advanced imaging modalities. Nanoparticles have potential clinical application in the field of gastroenterology as they offer several advantages compared to the conventional treatment systems including target drug delivery, enhanced treatment efficacy, and reduced side effects.
Areas covered: The aim of this review article is to summarize the recent advancements in developing nanoparticle technologies to treat gastrointestinal diseases. We have covered the application of nanoparticles in various gastrointestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. We also have discussed how the gut microbiota affects the nanoparticle based drug delivery in the gastrointestinal tract.
Expert opinion: Nanoparticles based drug delivery offers a great platform for targeted drug delivery for gastrointestinal disorders. However, it is influenced by the presence of microbiota, drug interaction with nanoparticles, and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. With the advancements in nanoparticle technology, it may be possible to overcome these barriers leading to efficient drug delivery for gastrointestinal disorders based on nanoparticle platform. 相似文献
