CREVICE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF THE STEEL X70 UNDER CATHODIC POLARIZATION

采用矩形缝隙装置, 测量了模拟剥离涂层下不同位置X70钢的电位、溶液pH值及氧含量随时间的变化曲线. 研究了外加阴极极化电位、涂层破损尺寸和缝隙厚度对X70钢在Na2SO4溶液中的缝隙腐蚀行为的影响. 结果表明, 缝隙内氧气迅速耗尽并使溶液pH值升高, 氧耗尽与外加阴极极化电位无关. 随着缝口阴极极化程度加大, 缝隙内各点电位负移, 有效保护距离增加. 溶液介质电位(IR)降集中在缝口. 极化程度过高会导致氢气的析出. 减小缝隙厚度和破损点尺寸使缝隙内极化程度降低.     

X70管线钢楔型缝隙的阴极极化特性

应用楔型缝隙模型研究了X70管线钢在新疆库尔勒土壤模拟溶液中的阴极极化特性．研究了极化时间（1—30h）、缝口控电位（-775,-925和-1075mV（V8SCE））和缝口尺寸（0．15,0．30和0．45mm）等因素对缝内的极化电位、极化电流以及对应介质pH值的影响．结果表明,随着极化时间的延长,从缝口到缝底的极化电位梯度和极化电流梯度逐渐减小;随着缝口控电位的降低和缝口尺寸的增大,缝内试样的极化电位逐渐降低,而极化电流却逐渐增大,缝内试样对应介质的pH值也逐渐提高,进一步降低缝口控电位与增加缝口尺寸将使pH值的增加速度减小．     

溶液环境对模拟剥离涂层下X70钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用矩形缝隙装置,研究了阴极极化条件下本体Na₂SO₄溶液浓度、pH 值以及本体溶液的含氧状况对模拟剥离涂层下溶液的化学和电化学环境的影响,分析了剥离区域内X70钢表面发生的电化学反应。结果表明,增加本体Na₂SO₄溶液的浓度虽然有利于阴极电流在剥离涂层内传输,但会导致钢板表面钝化膜的破坏而发生腐蚀。本体溶液pH值为酸性时缝内的化学环境变化迅速,缝口处发生腐蚀反应;而碱性条件下剥离区的pH值基本不变。本体溶液供氧量的减少降低了剥离区域内阴极保护的有效距离。外加电位的中断使缝内溶液酸化,X70钢处于自腐蚀状态。     

NS4溶液中X-42钢楔形缝隙的阴极极化行为

采用自制的模拟楔形缝隙试样研究了X-42钢在NS4溶液中非极化状态和缝口控制电位分别为-776mVSCE和-950mVSCE的阴极极化状态时，楔形缝隙内电位、电流、溶液Cl^-浓度、pH值的分布。结果表明，非极化状态的缝内电位负移，从缝口向缝尖呈递降趋势。阴极极化时缝内电位负移更甚，电位分布从缝口向缝尖呈递增趋势；缝内电流分布递减；从缝口到缝尖pH值降低、氯离子浓度升高，腐蚀敏感性增强。     

Cl~-和极化电位对X70钢缝隙腐蚀行为的影响

采用恒电位极化方法研究了X70钢在NaHCO_3溶液中的缝隙腐蚀行为,分析了Cl~-浓度和极化电位对X70钢缝隙腐蚀萌生及发展的影响,探讨了X70钢在NaHCO_3溶液中的缝隙腐蚀机理。结果表明:在-0.4V恒电位极化下,缝隙内X70钢在NaHCO_3溶液中可以发生局部腐蚀。缝口处首先发生酸化,并逐渐往缝底扩展。随着腐蚀的发展,酸化加剧,后期发生析氢反应,阴极反应由溶解氧的还原转变为H+的还原。加入Cl~-不改变缝内X70钢的腐蚀机理,但随着Cl~-浓度的增大,缝内腐蚀速率增加。随着极化电位的提高,缝隙内X70钢的腐蚀部位逐渐往缝底移动,同时发生点蚀。而缝隙腐蚀的萌生区域由极化电位及电位下降的程度决定。     

涂层剥离条件下X70管线钢的应力腐蚀裂纹萌生行为

通过循环载荷实验,研究了管道涂层剥离条件下,阴极保护电位对X70管线钢在近中性pH值溶液(NS4溶液)中应力腐蚀裂纹萌生的影响.利用SEM观察了距涂层剥离口不同距离处的应力腐蚀裂纹的萌生情况.结果表明,外加-850 mV阴极保护电位时,剥离涂层下样品表面裂纹的萌生程度随距离涂层开裂口长度的增加而逐渐减轻;外加-1000 mV阴极保护电位时,剥离涂层下样品表面裂纹的萌生程度随距离涂层开裂口长度的增加而稍有增加,但缝隙内各个位置的裂纹萌生程度低于-850 mV极化电位下缝隙内部相应位置的裂纹萌生程度;涂层的剥离降低了阴极保护的效果,要达到涂层完整时的阴极保护效果,则需要使阴极保护电位适当负移.     

扰动溶液中模拟剥离涂层底部Q345钢阴极极化水平

利用分段电极测量了阴极保护下矩形模拟剥离涂层底部Q345钢的电位和电流分布,研究了浓度为0.5 mol/L的静态溶液及充氧动态溶液中,不同阴极保护电位、缝隙宽度以及漏点尺寸条件下缝内阴极极化水平。结果表明,充氧扰动作用减弱了缝内阴极极化水平,致使钢片在扰动溶液环境中比在静态溶液需要更高水平的阴极保护,才能有效抑制缝内金属腐蚀。缝隙宽度和漏点尺寸对充氧扰动改变缝内极化水平的影响明显。     

阴极保护下缝隙内的电位分布

实验测量了稀ＮａＣｌ溶液中阴极保护下的模拟缝隙内低碳钢的电极电位分布,研究了缝口控制电位、溶液电导率和缝隙厚度对电位分布的影响。结果表明在实验条件下缝人的电位 度随极化时间的延长而减小;溶液电导率和缝隙厚度的增大以及缝口控制电位的负移都 可使缝隙内电位一负移,阴极保护深度增加。     

X70钢及其焊缝在含Cl-高pH值溶液中电化学噪声行为研究

研究了不同外加电位下X70钢母材及其焊缝在含Cl-的高pH溶液中电化学噪声行为,并针对电化学噪声数据进行统计分析,得到表征点蚀萌生和发展的特征图谱.结果 表明,电化学噪声技术可以有效监测X70钢的腐蚀过程,电流噪声幅值大小一定程度上反映了局部腐蚀萌生和发展过程.当X70钢处于阳极极化时,电化学噪声的能量密度谱(EDP)...     

埋地管线钢缝隙腐蚀的机理与防护研究进展

通过对埋地管线钢缝隙腐蚀的机理及防护进行综述,总结了阴极保护下缝内的电位电流分布规律,缝口保护电位、缝口尺寸、溶液导电率与缝内极化电位电流的关系及环境因素对缝隙腐蚀的影响。表明了埋地管线钢的缝隙腐蚀规律研究方面的重大意义。     

Effect of cathodic protection on corrosion of pipeline steel under disbonded coating

In this work, a test rig was developed to study the effect of cathodic protection (CP) on corrosion of X70 pipeline steel in the crevice area under disbonded coating through the measurements of local potential, solution pH and dissolved oxygen concentration. Results demonstrated that, in the early stage of corrosion of steel, CP cannot reach the crevice bottom to protect steel from corrosion due to the geometrical limitation. Corrosion of steel occurs preferentially inside crevice due to a separation of anodic and cathodic reaction with the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the crevice solution. The main role of CP in mitigation of sequential corrosion of steel in crevice under disbonded coating is to enhance the local solution alkalinity. With the increase of distance from the open holiday, a high cathodic polarization is required to achieve appropriate CP level at crevice bottom. A potential difference always exists between the open holiday area and inside crevice, reducing the CP effectiveness.     

A study on cathodic protection against crevice corrosion in dilute NaCl solutions

Potential and current distributions in a cathodically protected crevice between a simulated coating and segmented mild steel electrodes were measured in dilute NaCl solutions. The distributions became more uniform with time due to an increase in solution conductivity and depletion of dissolved oxygen in the crevice. Generally, a negative shift of control potential and an increase in initial solution conductivity and crevice thickness resulted in a higher polarization level on the steel. However, if the control potential is too negative, the polarization level may be lower than that under a suitable control potential because of hydrogen evolution. On the basis of these results, a mechanism of cathodic protection against crevice corrosion in high-resistivity environments was proposed.     

Influence of Cl- and polarization potential on crevice corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel北大核心CSCD

The crevice corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel in NaHCO3 solution with varying Cl- concentration was investigated by potentiostatic polarization method in terms of the initiation and development of crevice corrosion. Results show that inside the crevice the X70 steel could suffer from localized corrosion in NaHCO3 solution by polarization potential-0.4 V. The acidification initiated firstly at the crevice mouth and then extended gradually to the bottom. The hydrogen evolution could be observed with the development of corrosion and acidification. The cathodic reaction changed from the reduction of the dissolved oxygen to the reduction of hydrogen ions. The presence of Cl- did not change the crevice corrosion mechanism. With the increase of Cl- concentration, however, the crevice corrosion rate increased. The corrosion region moved towards the crevice bottom gradually and then pitting corrosion occurred with the increasing polarization potential. The initiation of crevice corrosion was determined by the polarization potential. © 2016, Corrosion Science and Protection Technology. All rights reserved.     

CREVICE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF X70 STEEL IN HCO_3~- SOLUTION UNDER CATHODIC POLARIZATION

The crevice corrosion behavior of XTO steel was investigated with a wedge-shaped crevice assembly under -1000 m V （SCE） cathodic polarization in the solutions with various HCO3 concentrations. The potential, current, pH and the oxygen content within the crevice were measured with or without outside coupled specimen. The results indicated that the polarization potential of XTO steel in the crevice dropped with the increase of time under the cathodic polarization. There was a remarkable influence of HCO3 concentration on the potential of XTO steel in the crevice. When HCO3 concentration was up to 0.125%, the surface of the metal was covered with the corrosion products that resulted in the polarization extent of XTO steel decreased. The pH value in the crevice rose and it dropped gradually from the crevice mouth to the bottom under the cathodic polarization. With the increasing of HCO3 concentration, the hydrolyzation reaction of metal in the crevice bottom aggravated. Most of the dissolved oxygen in the crevice was consumed by the cathodic current. The maximum cathodic current on the metal surface was at the crevice mouth and it was much more than that at the crevice bottom.     

The corrosion behavior of carbon steel in CO2‐saturated NaCl crevice solution containing acetic acid

The corrosion behavior of X52 carbon steel electrodes in CO₂‐saturated NaCl crevice solution containing HAc was investigated by electrochemical measurements. Chemical environment measurements by Cl^? and pH microprobes show an enrichment of Cl^? ions and an increase of pH values inside the crevice. Moreover, both increments could accelerate with the decreasing dimension of the crevice mouth due to the high diffusive resistance. When the electrode in the crevice solution is coupled with the electrode in bulk solution, the alkalization and the enrichment of Cl^? ions in the crevice solution can result in a negative shift of potential of the electrode in crevice solution, while the potential of the electrode in bulk solution shifts positively during the corrosion process. Thus, a galvanic corrosion is established with the electrode in the crevice solution acting as anode while another in the bulk solution as cathode, i.e., the corrosion in the crevice solution was enhanced while the corrosion in the bulk solution was retarded. The anodic dissolution and the cathodic reduction processes dominate in the crevice solution and in the bulk solution, respectively.     

在NaHCO_3溶液中X70钢的模拟缝隙腐蚀机理研究

利用模拟楔型缝隙构型研究了X70钢在低浓度NaHCO3溶液中的缝隙腐蚀机理.结果表明:随实验时间的延长,缝内金属电位均不同程度的负移,缝隙底部试片的电位最负;缝内溶液pH值下降,溶解氧含量减少;缝外耦接试样时缝内金属腐蚀加剧,缝内溶液的pH值显著下降,微区氧含量略高于缝外无耦接试样时缝内的氧含量.缝隙内、外不同部位金属表面上阳极溶解电流密度与阴极还原电流密度的不平衡是产生缝隙闭塞自催化效应的根本原因;X70钢模拟缝隙在两种不同浓度HCO3-溶液中的腐蚀机理一致,但在较高浓度溶液中腐蚀程度要严重些.     

丝束电极对低碳钢缝隙腐蚀的研究

用丝束电极研究了低碳钢在５％ＮａＣｌ介质中的缝隙腐蚀行为,在发生缝隙腐蚀的过程中,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位分布不均匀的程度相差数十个毫伏,随着缝隙腐蚀程度的加深,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位逐渐均匀分布。