共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 59 毫秒
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自噬是真核细胞生长分化、功能发挥及死亡的重要调控机制,自噬异常与肿瘤等多种人类疾病的发生发展有关。在分子水平,自噬与细胞的凋亡、增殖信号相互作用,共同影响肿瘤细胞的存活与死亡。由于自噬主要起维持细胞生存的功能,抑制自噬就成为辅助肿瘤治疗的一个新方向;然而,抑制自噬后的肿瘤细胞又具有逃避死亡的潜在危险,而限制了这一疗法的应用。自噬与肿瘤的复杂关系正日益受到关注,揭示其分子机制必将对肿瘤治疗产生深刻的影响。 相似文献
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陈振杰黄应龙王伟刘靖宇李海皓丁明霞 《临床肿瘤学杂志》2021,26(3):272-276
自噬是一种广泛存在于真核生物中高度保守的分解代谢和能量生成过程,通过促进细胞内物质或受损细胞器的降解,为细胞提供可再循环利用的单体物质,用以合成新的成分并产生能量.自噬异常与多种疾病,尤其是癌症的发生、发展密切相关.自噬可以在正常情况下预防癌症的发展,而一旦发展为癌症,自噬又通常会促进肿瘤细胞的存活和生长.大量研究表明... 相似文献
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肺癌是全球癌症相关死因第一位的恶性肿瘤,目前临床上治疗中晚期肺癌主要以化疗和分子靶向治疗为主。肿瘤耐药是临床上化疗和靶向治疗失败的最主要原因之一。自噬相关分子参与机体生理病理众多过程而且调控机制非常复杂。本文主要综述在肺癌化疗和靶向药物耐药的过程中自噬相关分子发生的改变,旨在阐明自噬与肺癌耐药的关系。 相似文献
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自噬是细胞在自噬相关基因的调控下利用溶酶体降解自身受损的细胞器和大分子物质的过程.自噬对肝细胞癌的发生、发展具有双重作用,既能通过维持肝脏稳态清除癌细胞,又能促进肿瘤微环境中癌细胞增殖.目前研究发现针对肝细胞癌治疗的传统化疗药物、分子靶向药物、RNA干扰和天然药物等均与自噬关系密切.大部分情况下抑制自噬可增强药物抗肝癌... 相似文献
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自噬是一种在真核生物正常细胞和病理状态细胞中普遍存在的生理过程。它利用膜包被需要降解的细胞质、长寿蛋白和受损细胞器形成自噬体,与溶酶体融合后降解包含的内容物。自噬维持了细胞内蛋白质代谢平衡和内环境稳定,增强了细胞的胁迫适应。自噬缺失与许多疾病的发生有关,如肝功能衰竭、神经退行性病变、衰老和癌症。自噬与癌症的关系错综复杂,不同的组织和基因背景下,自噬对癌症发生所起的作用不同。自噬缺失后,细胞遭受氧化胁迫,DNA损伤累积,基因组稳定性下降,以及持续的炎症,从而导致癌症的发生。然而在特定的细胞类型、时期和微环境中,自噬为癌细胞生长提供所需的代谢物,有利于癌细胞氧化胁迫适应和转移,从而促进了癌症的发生。本文主要综述自噬在癌症发生中的双重作用及其可能的机制,并评价自噬干预在癌症临床辅助治疗中的可能应用。 相似文献
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目的:探讨初诊时伴有脊柱转移的前列腺癌患者与生存相关的因素。方法:收集2005年1 月至2010年12月天津医科大学肿瘤医院接受内分泌治疗的前列腺癌脊柱转移患者49例,针对患者的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、治疗前有无骨相关事件(SREs)、Gleason评分、治疗后PSA 最低值、激素敏感持续时间、有无化疗行单因素分析,并对存在统计学意义者进行多因素分析。结果:平均随访时间64.1 个月,死亡41例,中位生存时间为27个月,1 、3 、5 年生存率分别是81.6% 、40.8% 、20.4% 。单因素分析结果显示,有无联合化疗、ALP 水平、治疗前是否出现SRE 、Gleason评分、治疗后PSA 最低值及激素敏感持续时间与总生存率(OS)有关(P < 0.05)。 Cox 回归模型多因素分析显示,激素敏感持续时间≥ 19个月及联合化疗是较长生存时间的独立预后因素(P < 0.05)。结论:激素敏感持续时间及进展为去势抵抗性前列腺癌(castration resistant prostate cancer ,CRPC)后是否联合化疗是前列腺癌脊柱转移患者的预后独立因素。 相似文献
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Shamash J Davies A Ansell W Mcfaul S Wilson P Oliver T Powles T 《British journal of cancer》2008,98(1):22-24
When chemotherapy is used in androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), androgen deprivation is continued despite its failure. In this study, we investigated whether it was possible to re-induce hormone sensitivity in previously castrate patients by stopping endocrine therapy during chemotherapy. A phase II prospective study investigated the effects of reintroduction of endocrine therapy after oral chemotherapy in 56 patients with AIPC, which was given without concurrent androgen deprivation. After chemotherapy, patients were given maximum androgen blockade until failure when treatment was switched to diethylstilbestrol and dexamethasone. Patients had already received these endocrine treatments in the same sequence before chemotherapy. All patients were castrate at the start of chemotherapy. Forty-three subsequently restarted endocrine therapy after the completion of chemotherapy. The median overall survival for these 43 patients from the time of restarting endocrine therapy was 7.7 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.7-10.9 months). Sixteen (37%) patients had a 50% PSA response to treatment, which was associated with improved overall survival (14.0 months vs 3.7 months P=0.003). Eight out of 12 patients who did not respond to diethylstilbestrol before chemotherapy did so post chemotherapy. Re-induction of hormone sensitivity can occur after chemotherapy in AIPC. 相似文献
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Hanfang Jiang;Jianxin Zhong;Jing Wang;Guohong Song;Lijun Di;Bin Shao;Ruyan Zhang;Yaxin Liu;Anjie Zhu;Nan Wang;Huiping Li; 《Cancer Medicine》2024,13(10):e7249
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy (ET) become standard-of-care for patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, the optimal therapeutic paradigm after progression on CDK4/6 inhibitor remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of abemaciclib with switching ET versus chemotherapy after progression on prior palbociclib-based ET in Chinese patients with HR+/HER2− MBC. 相似文献
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目的:观察比较晚期前列腺癌间歇性内分泌治疗(IHT)与持续性内分泌治疗(CHT)的疗效和不良反应。方法:选取确诊的晚期前列腺癌患者共96例,之前未接受治疗,随机分为:间歇治疗组(A组)和持续治疗组(B组)。A组:54例,给予比卡鲁胺(50mg,口服,每日1次)和戈舍瑞林(3.6mg,皮下注射,每月1次)治疗,当患者血清PSA≤0.2ng/ml,暂停服用药物比卡鲁胺,当患者血清PSA>4ng/ml时,重新开始服用药物比卡鲁胺。B组:42例,同时给予比卡鲁胺和戈舍瑞林治疗,不间断治疗。终止治疗的标准是病人由激素依赖转为激素抵抗性前列腺癌。比较两组治疗前、治疗后半年、1年、2年后血清PSA、疼痛缓解及排尿梗阻症状改善情况、生活质量评分、不良反应。结果:血清PSA、疼痛缓解以及排尿梗阻改善情况上,两组治疗后各时间段较治疗前均得到显著改善(P<0.05),但两组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。A组治疗后不良反应中去势综合征、转氨酶升高、贫血以及乳房发育发生率较B组显著降低(P<0.05),生活质量评分明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:IHT和CHT对晚期前列腺癌治疗效果无明显差异,都能缓解患者的症状和提高患者的生活质量,但IHT不良反应发生率较持续治疗显著降低,生活质量明显提高,值得临床椎广。 相似文献
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新辅助内分泌治疗是雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)阳性乳腺癌患者的一种潜在的治疗选择,但由于缺乏与新辅助化疗疗效的对比和治疗持续时间的可靠数据,且病理完全缓解率(pathological complete response,pCR)低,目前仅在年老体弱的患者中使用。然而,靶向药物如细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶(Cyclin-dependent kinase,CDK)4/6抑制剂、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)抑制剂等结合内分泌治疗,已经在晚期乳腺癌的治疗中取得了成功,为患者带来了显著的获益。在早期乳腺癌的新辅助治疗中,内分泌治疗联合靶向治疗仍处于研究阶段,最近的数据展现出了有希望的应用前景。本文旨在评估新辅助内分泌治疗联合靶向治疗在ER阳性乳腺癌治疗中的现状,希望为后续的临床研究及应用提供参考。 相似文献
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Joseph C. Allegra M.D. Thomas M. Woodcock M.D. Stephen P. Richman M.D. Kirby I. Bland M.D. James L. Wittliff Ph.D. 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1982,2(1):93-99
Complete remissions in patients with metastatic breast cancer using endocrine therapy or chemotherapy are infrequent. Breast tumors are known to be heterogeneous with respect to estrogen receptor status, and the low complete remission rate may be related to this biochemical heterogeneity. Based on laboratory experiments using human breast cancer cells in tissue culture, a phase II protocol was designed using tamoxifen, premarin, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil. Thus far, twenty-nine (29) patients have been entered into this study and twenty-five (25) are currently evaluable for response. Overall response rate was 72%, and 14 of 25 (56%) attained a complete remission. Toxicity was minimal. Median nadir white blood cell count was 5,800 and median nadir platelet count was 252,000. In summary, this combination chemo-hormonal therapy regimen is effective with a more than 50% complete remission rate and minimal toxicity. 相似文献
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H. Cain I.R. Macpherson M. Beresford S.E. Pinder J. Pong J.M. Dixon 《Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))》2017,29(10):642-652
Neoadjuvant treatment offers a number of benefits for patients with early breast cancer, and is an important option for consideration by multidisciplinary teams. Despite literature showing its efficacy, the use of neoadjuvant therapy varies widely. Here we discuss the clinical evidence supporting the use of neoadjuvant therapy in early stage breast cancer, including patient selection, monitoring response, surgery and radiotherapy considerations, with the aim of assisting multidisciplinary teams to determine patient suitability for neoadjuvant treatment. 相似文献