等熵稀疏靶的制备及靶参数精密测量

本工作研究等熵稀疏靶的制备工艺和靶参数的测量方法.采用精密激光加工工艺将Al、Au、Ag、Cu、Zn等高纯金属薄膜切割成百微米量级宽度的窄条,再结合精密微装配技术获得应用于状态方程实验所需的等熵稀疏靶.运用白光干涉仪对等熵稀疏靶进行参数精密测量.将等熵稀疏靶运用到"神光Ⅱ"上进行实验打靶,并获得优质的实验图像.     

射流圆孔靶的制备和靶参数测量

介绍了X射线激光射流实验中Al和CH两种射流圆孔靶的制备方法。分别采用精密机械和皮秒激光加工工艺在Al和CH薄膜上制备精密、微小的圆孔,再通过精密装配的方法获得射流圆孔靶。使用白光干涉仪和小型量测仪对射流圆孔靶进行靶参数测量,测量图像和数据表明,Al和CH薄膜圆孔的孔径较圆且两面大小一致性较好,靶的两层薄膜分界面清晰且连接紧密。     

激光核聚变靶表面几何参数扫描探针测量技术

应用改造的原子力显微镜(AFM)作为传感系统,配合精密回转气浮轴系和三维微定位装置,实现了对激光核聚变靶球圆周方位形状误差的精密测量.采用该测量技术获得的靶球表面几何参数的测量数据及分析结果可为制靶工艺提供检测手段,并为激光打靶实验提供准确的靶球表面形貌参数.     

激光高压状态方程铝铜阻抗匹配靶的理论研究

重点研究了激光驱动冲击波在嵌金层的组合靶中传播规律、金层对超热电子的屏蔽作用和对冲击波的致稳作用。给出了铝铜阻抗匹配靶基底的设计原则。设计了实验用的组合靶及不嵌金层的简单靶。对1989年在“神光”激光器上获取的实验数据进行了理论处理和分析,确认在铜样品中获得了0.8TPa的高压,而且冲击波测量误差≤5％。铝铜阻抗匹配实验取得了成功,得到的铜的高压冲击压缩数据与Nellis等人1988年发表的实验结果(包含地下核爆实验结果)拟合曲线非常接近。     

激光高压状态方程铝铜阻抗匹配靶的理论研究

重点研究了激光驱动冲击波在嵌金层的组合靶中传播规律、金层对超热电子的屏蔽作用和对冲击波的致稳作用。给出了铝铜阻抗匹配靶基底的设计原则。设计了实验用的组合靶及不嵌金层的简单靶。对1989年在“神光”激光器上获取的实验数据进行了理论处理和分析,确认在铜样品中获得了0.8TPa的高压,而且冲击波测量误差≤5％。铝铜阻抗匹配实验取得了成功,得到的铜的高压冲击压缩数据与Nellis等人1988年发表的实验结果(包含地下核爆实验结果)拟合曲线非常接近。     

激光核聚变靶表面几何参数扫描探针测量技术

应用改造的原子力显微镜（AFM）作为传感系统，配合精密回转气浮轴系和三维微定位装置，实现了对激光核聚变靶球圆周方位形状误差的精密测量。采用该测量技术获得的靶球表面几何参数的测量数据及分析结果可为制靶工艺提供检测手段，并为激光打靶实验提供准确的靶球表面形貌参数。     

快点火靶金锥制备工艺

锥壳靶是惯性约束聚变快点火实验研究中的一种重要靶型。本工作采用精密车床加工与电镀技术制备锥壳靶用不同角度的金锥。主要介绍金锥电镀金层的制备工艺,讨论了电镀液配方、pH值、镀前处理、尖端效应等对金锥金层质量的影响。     

ICF分解实验中的平面调制靶和薄膜靶的研制

本工作研制了用于惯性约束聚变ICF分解实验模拟聚变靶丸表面粗糙度和驱动激光空间不均匀性对R—T不稳定性作用的平面调制靶和平面薄膜靶。以激光干涉法结合图形转移工艺获得波长20～100μm、振幅0．0～4．0μm的正弦调制图形的模板,再将调制图形转移至溴代聚苯乙烯薄膜表面,制备出ICF实验用溴代聚苯乙烯平面调制箔靶;以半导体工艺结合自截止腐蚀工艺制得厚度4μm左右的自支撑Si平面薄膜靶。Si膜的表面粗糙度为几十纳米。对所研制的两种靶型的参数进行了测量。     

整体式空腔靶制备工艺

空腔靶是惯性约束聚变（ＩＣＦ）研究中间接驱动靶的主要靶型之一,它由精密车削微加工工艺的结合电镀工艺完成。     

超重元素合成实验靶室及转靶装置

文章介绍兰州重离子加速器放射性次级束流线（RIBLL）的超重元素合成实验靶室和转靶系统，并对改进的真空密封磁耦合传动机械作简单描述。转靶系统采用可程序控制的无级变速电机、真空密[JP2]封磁流体耦合和特殊皮带传动机构，使得靶盘转速在0~600r/min范围内可调，靶盘边缘摆幅＜0.2mm。     

几种特殊的滚轧制靶技术

描述了几种特殊的滚轧技术，包括中间退火，双层的材料靶的轧制电容器纸作内衬，气体靶室封窗膜的制备，材料熔化和粉末材料靶的轧制等。     

Activation cross sections of deuteron-induced nuclear reactions on hafnium

Experimental excitation functions for deuteron-induced reactions up to 20 MeV on high purity natural hafnium were measured with the activation method using a stacked foil irradiation technique. Metallic hafnium foils with thickness of 10 μm were stacked together with 50 μm thick aluminium and 12 μm thick titanium foils. The aluminium foils served as energy absorber while the titanium foils were used to monitor the energy and intensity of the bombarding deuteron beam. From a detailed remeasurement of the complete excitation function of the ^natTi(d,x)⁴⁸V monitor reaction it was possible to adopt the proper incident energy and beam intensity by comparing the results with the recommended values. High resolution off-line gamma-ray spectrometry was applied to assess the activity of each foil. From the measured activity independent and/or cumulative elemental or isotopic cross section data for production of Ta, Hf and Lu radioisotopes by (d,x) reactions were determined. No experimental cross section data have been published earlier for these reactions in the investigated energy region. The work focuses on the production of ^177gLu that one of the promising radionuclides for small tumor therapy due to appropriate average energy of the emitted β-particles and the main gamma-rays that are suitable for detection by gamma-camera.The presented experimental data and results predicted by the TALYS theoretical code are compared. Thick target yields for production of the investigated radionuclides were calculated from a fit to our experimental excitation curves.     

Measurement of recoil nuclei losses for proton-induced reactions in Al, Si, Mg and Fe at 200 and 500 MeV

The recoil losses of product nuclei in proton-induced reactions at 200 and 500 MeV in Al, Si, Mg and Fe targets were measured using carbon catcher foils or stacks of Mylar foils. In all cases, the recoil losses were less than 1% for the target thicknesses used and so in the ongoing systematic study to measure cross sections for proton- and neutron-induced reactions, these losses are not important. For Fe targets irradiated at 200 MeV, the recoil losses in the forward direction for several product nuclei measured in both a carbon catcher foil and a Mylar stack were in good agreement. From the recoil losses, the mean forward recoil ranges for several product nuclei were calculated.     

氢气还原金属氧化物

叙述的氢气还原金属氧化物的过程,装置和工艺过程,研究了若干种氧化物的还原温度和还原时间对还原效率的影响,采用特殊的滚轧技术,将还原的金属制备成较薄的靶膜。     

硼靶制备技术的研究

介绍Ｂ靶制备技术及其质量厚度测量方法,静电振动,高压电喷和离心沉淀主极用于制备有衬Ｂ靶,而聚焦重离子束溅射和电子轰击可用来制备自支撑Ｂ靶和有衬Ｂ靶,Ｂ靶的质量厚度用分光光度法和称重法测量。     

Production of cosmogenic nuclides in thick targets by alpha bombardment. Part I — short-lived radioisotopes

Production of short-lived cosmogenic nuclides in planetary surfaces and remote spacecraft detectors was simulated by bombarding “thick” C, Mg, Al, Si, SiO₂, Fe, Ni, and Ge targets with 60, 90 and 120 MeV alpha particles. Gold foils were used to monitor alpha particle fluence; product nuclides were measured by gamma ray spectroscopy. The results were used to calculate production yields for each alpha energy, as well as cross sections averaged over the energy ranges 60–90 and 90–120 MeV.     

Effect of thermo-mechanical processing on microstructure and creep properties of the foils of alloy 617

The effect of rolling and annealing on the microstructure and high temperature creep properties of alloy 617 were investigated. Two types of foil specimens with different thickness reductions were prepared by thermo-mechanical processing. Recrystallization and grain growth were readily observed at specimens annealed at 950 and 1100 °C. The uniform coarse grains increase resistance against creep deformation. The grain size effect in creep deformation was dominant up to 900 °C, while dynamic recrystallization effect became dominant at 1000 °C. Dynamic recrystallization was observed in all the creep deformed foils, even though some specimens had already been (statically) recrystallized during annealing. Steady state creep rates decreased with increasing annealing temperature in the less rolled foils. The apparent activation energy Q_app for the creep deformation increased from 271 to 361 kJ/mol as the annealing temperature increased from 950 to 1100 °C.     

几种特殊靶的制备方法

文章了几种特殊靶的制备，包括７０ｍｇ．ｃｍ＾－２的自支撑Ｂｉ靶、Ｍｏ封窗膜、１５－５０μｇ．ｃｍ＾－２的自撑Ｓｃ靶（ＣＤ２）ｎ靶和７０μｇ．ｃｍ＾－２的自支撑Ｃｏ靶。     

Neutron sputtering yields from Nb,Au and Co

Employing a neutron source based on the ⁹Be (d, n) reaction, high energy neutron sputtering yields have been determined for Nb, Au and Co. Two experiments have been conducted. In the first, graphite catcher foils were used and in the second, polished Si wafers. From data collected in the first experiment the neutron sputtering yields of Nb, Au and Co were determined to be in the range of 10^?5 to 10^?4 particles per incident neutron. Examination of the collector foils from the second experiment did not show any evidence of large particle (> 1 μm) ejection from the Nb targets.     

Intra-pellet neutron flux distribution measurements in LWR critical lattices

We have developed inexpensive and easy-handling measurement methods on intra-pellet neutron flux. A foil activation method with metallic foils, which were fabricated by punching out technique and etching technique to reduce fabrication error and positioning error, was used for the intra-pellet neutron flux distribution measurement. The developed method was applied to measure intra-pellet neutron flux distributions in a reduced–moderation light water reactor (LWR) lattices, and uncertainty of the distributions was estimated to be 1% to 2%. Measured values were analyzed with a continuous energy Monte Carlo code. Comparison of measurements and analyses revealed that the developed method is useful for the validation of an advanced fuel design method considering neutron behavior in fuel pellets.