近五年我国电气火灾形势及特点分析

宏观分析了2008-2012年我国电气火灾的总体形势,包括国民经济三大产业、中东西部地区和城镇化发展进程中电气火灾的发展趋势;微观分析了电气火灾的损失危害、多发场所和主要原因等具体特点。在此基础上提出对策建议。     

建筑装潢中的电气火灾隐患及防范措施

近年来,我国建筑电气火灾事故的发生率呈上升趋势,灾害造成极大损失。引起火灾的主要原因可分为两类：一类是潜伏着引发火源的隐患;另一类是当引发火源后,因材料阻燃性能差与补救措施不力,以致一触即发酿成大火,造成生命和财产的严重损失。在火灾中,建筑电气引发的火灾居多。据有关资料报道按照起火的原因比重分析：电气短路引起的约占３６％～５１％;电气设备超负荷引起的占３．７％～１０％;电气线路接触电阻过大引起的约占１１％～１８．８％;电焊电热引起的约占１４％～２１．３％;照明灯具过热引起的约占１０．６％;雷击起…     

浅析电气设备的火灾防范

电气设备的故障引起的火灾不堪设想 ,有时会“火烧连营” ,使一大批电器烧毁 ,甚至会发生人身触电伤亡事故 ,因此必须认真分析发生电气火灾的原因 ,有针对性地做好防范工作。现对各种电气火灾事故的发生原因及防范措施谈一点粗浅看法 ,仅供参考。１ 电力变压器故障引起的火灾故障通常是由于严重过负荷运行、线圈绝缘损坏发生短路、变压油质老化、连接处或分接头处接触电阻过大、外部线路短路时高低压熔断器未能熔断、铁心损坏及油中电弧闪烁 ,雷击等原因所引起。由于变压器内部充满绝缘油 ,发生火灾时后果十分严重 ,轻则喷油冒火 ,重则由于…     

浅论电气线路火灾成因及防范措施

在经济快速发展的同时，火灾也一直困扰着人们。据统计，因电气线路发火灾的起数、损失逐渐增多，因此，怎样防范电气线路火灾已成为预防火灾的重要课题．     

电气火灾的成因及防范措施探讨

随着人们生活水平的逐渐提高，无论是室内还是室外的各种电气设备的数量都在与日俱增，在为人们的生活提供便捷的同时，也存在着一定的安全隐患。由于电气设备的使用和维护不当而发生的火灾，将会对人们的生命财产造成巨大的威胁。文章对于电气火灾的成因进行了分析，然后提出了防范的措施，为我国社会的稳定发展创造了有利的环境。     

红外探测预防电气火灾

红外探测技术是以红外物理学、红外光电子学和计算机为基础发展起来的一门新兴的综合性技术,它广泛应用于军事、冶金、电子、石化、医药等多种领域。近年来,随着电气消防安全检测技术的兴起和不断发展,红外探测技术     

建筑电气线路火灾的预防

分析了部分电气火灾的隐患,并提出了从照明设计、线路设计、漏电保护方面采取的预防措施。     

我国建筑电气火灾的现状、问题和防控对策

电气故障是我国建筑火灾的最主要原因.分析了我国建筑电气火灾的规律、特点和主要问题,提出积极推进建筑电气火灾认识科学化、防治工程化、隐患整改超前化、防范措施系统化、宣传教育普及化,切实强化建筑电气火灾防控.     

谈谈配电线路电气火灾防控

分析我国电气火灾发生率居高不下的原因、电气火灾的成因及特征,并针对不同的成因特征提出相应的火灾防控手段,和低压配电系统电气火灾防控的总体方案。     

医院建筑电气设计中的节能问题

医院建筑电气设计既要考虑节能,又要注重安全性和便利性。分析医院供配电系统的特点,探讨医院项目中节能与客户服务水平之间的矛盾;分析降低线损的措施;提出根据医院能耗分类采取不同的节能措施。     

农村电气防火现状调查及分析

通过对湖南省衡阳市某镇25家农户的电气线路、配电设备及家用电器使用情况的实地调研,获得农村电气防火现状的重要数据,分析农村电气防火存在的主要问题.     

Effectiveness of Various Concentrations of an Inert Gas Mixture for Preventing and Suppressing Mining Equipment Cab Fires: Development of a Dual Cab Fire Inerting System

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH/PRL) conducted a series of large-scale experiments to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various concentrations of an inert gas mixture (CO₂, 8%; N₂, 50%; Ar, 42%) for preventing and suppressing cab fires. Comparison of concentrations effectiveness in yielding safe times has led to the choice of an optimum gas mixture concentration, discharged in the cab through a muffled nozzle system, for the development of a dual cab fire inerting system. Of note is that safety training programs, including the synchronization of performed tasks, need to accompany this technology to enhance operator’s efficiency and safety during fire emergencies within the safe times yielded by the cab fire inerting system. Cab fires are caused by the ignition of flammable vapors and mists (ball of fire) that penetrate the cab during prolonged hydraulic fluid and fuel fires, and electrical malfunctions involving other cab combustible materials. Often, these fires force the operator to exit the cab under hazardous conditions during a time needed to perform emergency tasks. Hence, it is important to provide the operator, not only with an engine fire suppression system (dry chemical powder), but also with a cab fire protection system, effective both in preventing the ignition of flammable vapors in the cab, and suppressing cab material fires. This paper details the results of the experiments, and presents the development of a dual cab fire inert system, using an optimum gas mixture concentration discharged in the cab through a muffled nozzle system. Of note is that the design of a gas mixture concentration volume according to cab volumes, and system fabrication/installation have been undertaken by cooperating industries. Disclaimer: This information is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review under applicable information quality guidelines. It has not been formally disseminated by NIOSH. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.     

Fires Involving Appliance Housings— Is There a Clear and Present Danger?

In the past couple years, worldwide attention has been focused on the fire hazard potentially posed by the housings or casings of several types of equipment. This paper addresses the narrow question of whether there is a clear and present danger in the US with regard to the fire hazard posed by the appliance housings of certain types of equipment, based on the fire loss record relevant to these issues. The best available fire loss statistics indicate that the appliance housing fire problem in the USA may be large enough to justify some attention but would not normally be regarded as large enough to justify urgent or priority attention. The paper also asks whether there are other reasons that would justify urgent action and discusses several candidate reasons.     

古建筑消防安全特性及防火对策研析

古建筑多为木质结构,并且年代久远,极易发生火灾,存在着特别重大的消防安全隐患。本文从古建筑的消防安全特性出发,探讨了如何运用现代的消防手段,并提出了新形势下古建筑防火对策和措施。     

我国能源结构调整中消防技术规范问题的研究

能源结构、品种的调整必然带来一系列的消防安全问题,这是由不同种类能源的本质危险性所决定的.主要探讨了我国能源结构、品种调整带来的消防规范问题.我国对新能源开发、使用的技术标准制定比较重视,而消防规范相对滞后.针对新能源出现的消防规范问题,参照国外相应标准,加强对新能源消防安全技术规范的研究,提出指导性建议.     

Integrating models to evaluate and map grassland fire risk zones in Hulunbuir of Inner Mongolia,China

Grassland fire is a cause of major disturbance to ecosystems and economies throughout the world. This paper investigated the disruptive effects of grassland fire on the Hulunbuir grassland of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The study selected variables for fire risk assessment using a combination of data collection and evaluation methods: geographic information systems, remote sensing, and statistical yearbook data. The data evaluation resulted in eleven input variables, which were classified into five categories: fuel, fire climate, accessibility, human–social factors, and topography. All of the explanatory variables were integrated into a model and used to estimate the grassland fire risk index. Within the index, four categories were created, based on spatial statistics, to adequately assess respective fire risk: extreme, high, moderate, and low. Approximately half (54.33%) of the study area was predicted to fall within the extreme or high risk zones. The percentages of actual fires in each fire risk zone were as follows: extreme, 46.49%; high, 23.66%; moderate, 17.06%; and low, 12.79%. The mean correct prediction from the model was 76.30%. The model and results could aid in spatial decision making practices and in preventative grassland management strategies.     

Socioeconomic Characteristics and Their Relationship to Fire Incidence: A Review of the Literature

This article presents a literature review of the socioeconomic modeling of fire incidence, with an emphasis on urban residential fires. The development and history of socioeconomic models of fire incidence are reviewed from the perspectives of ecology and location economics within the urban planning discipline, which encompasses sociological, economic, epidemiological, and interdisciplinary approaches. The predominant methodology used is a thematic type of qualitative analysis, and detailed information on variables selected and results are offered where appropriate. The article closes with suggestions for further research.