挤压温度对Mg-3Al-3Ca-0.5Mn镁合金组织及拉伸性能的影响

本文以Mg-3Al-3Ca-0.5Mn合金为研究对象,研究了在相同挤压比(挤压比为61),不同挤压温度(300℃、350℃、400℃)下制备的热挤压成型棒材的组织及力学性能。结果表明:较低的挤压温度(300℃)下,合金晶粒由等轴晶转变为混晶组织,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐降低,但是延伸率显著提高。挤压温度为300℃时,动态再结晶不完全,合金中的第二相存在团簇现象,合金具有最佳的抗拉强度和屈服强度,分别为424MPa和393MPa;随着挤压温度升高到400℃时,动态再结晶更加完全,第二相呈弥散均匀分布,合金延伸率为12.7%。     

挤压比对Mg—Zn—Zr—RE合金组织和性能的影响

研究了不同挤压比对铸态Mg-5．4Zn-0．3Zr-0．98RE镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。研究表明,当挤压比较小时,微观组织呈现出粗晶和细晶组成的混晶组织;随着挤压比增加到16,微观组织发生完全再结晶,获得均匀、细小的再结晶组织。动态再结晶是铸态镁合金Mg-5．4Zn-0．3Zr-0．98RE晶粒细化的机制。在挤压温度为250℃,挤压比为16时,合金获得的力学性能最好,抗拉强度为345MPa,屈服强度为223MPa,断后伸长率为21．4％。     

挤压工艺对喷射成形6061铝合金组织与性能的影响

在2 000 kN四柱液压机上对铸态、喷射态6061铝合金进行挤压处理,研究了挤压温度、挤压比对喷射态合金微观组织及力学性能的影响,分析了挤压态合金的断裂机理,并对比了铸态、喷射态合金挤压后的力学性能.结果表明,当挤压比为6.25时,随着挤压温度的升高,合金试样发生再结晶的晶粒数量增加,到250 ℃时形成均匀细小的等轴晶组织;合金的硬度和抗拉强度随挤压温度的升高而降低;但伸长率却随挤压温度的升高而升高.当挤压温度为250 ℃时,合金晶粒尺寸随挤压比的增大而减小;伸长率和抗拉强度随挤压比的增大而升高;而硬度受挤压比变化的影响则不大.挤压态合金的断裂机理为微孔聚集断裂."喷射+挤压"态合金的抗拉强度和伸长率都比"铸造+挤压"态合金的高.     

热挤压工艺对6061铝合金组织及性能的影响

研究了不同热挤压工艺参数对6061铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当挤压温度为450℃时,随着挤压比的增大,晶粒明显细化,抗拉强度和伸长率也随之提高。当挤压比为10时,随着挤压温度的升高,再结晶晶粒数量增加。当挤压温度升高到500℃时,再结晶晶粒快速长大粗化,晶粒细化作用减弱,此时,合金的抗拉强度随挤压温度的升高整体呈下降趋势。在本试验范围内,6061铝合金经过挤压温度为450℃,挤压比为10的挤压变形后得到的组织均匀细小,力学性能较好。     

变形与退火对ZA31镁合金组织与性能的影响

研究了ZA31镁合金挤压和轧制变形,分析了挤压比、挤压温度及轧制退火温度对合金组织性能的影响。结果表明,挤压后合金发生了动态再结晶;在挤压比16∶1和挤压温度250、300℃时,动态再结晶程度增加,晶粒显著细化;随挤压温度增加,强度和塑性先增加后减小,在300℃时达到最大值。在挤压比36∶1和挤压温度300℃时,合金动态再结晶程度增加,但晶粒尺寸不均匀,强度和塑性的提高幅度并不明显。轧制态ZA31镁合金晶内出现了大量的形变孪晶;在退火过程中,225℃以下合金发生回复,225~280℃发生静态再结晶。随退火温度提高,合金的强度下降。     

低挤压比条件下挤压工艺对AZ31B镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了低挤压比(挤压比8)下挤压温度和挤压速度对AZ31B镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。采用光学显微镜观察了显微组织,采用材料拉伸试验测试了力学性能,并用扫描电镜观察了拉伸试样的断口形貌。结果表明:低挤压比时棒材的组织为典型的混晶组织——由发生再结晶的细小晶粒包裹未发生再结晶的粗大晶粒;300~400℃时,随挤压温度的提高,材料的伸长率升高,抗拉强度下降;在300℃挤压时,随挤压速度的提高,材料的伸长率升高,抗拉强度下降,挤压棒的拉伸断口由混合断裂转变为明显韧性断裂;250℃时综合力学性能最好,抗拉强度340 MPa,屈服强度280 MPa,伸长率23%。     

Mg-8Gd-1Er-0.5Zr合金多向锻造工艺及锻后组织与力学性能研究

为改善和提高Mg-8Gd-1Er-0. 5Zr合金的组织和力学性能,采用不同锻造温度和累积应变量对Mg-8Gd-1Er-0. 5Zr合金进行了等温多向锻造实验,并测试和分析了合金的组织和力学性能。实验结果表明:在实验温度范围内,随着锻造温度的升高,Mg-8Gd-1Er-0. 5Zr合金的可锻性逐步提高;在420℃锻造时,锻造初期产生大量的孪晶以协调变形,随着锻造温度升高至480℃,孪晶数量减少,再结晶晶粒数量增加,且平均晶粒尺寸有一定的增大;在累积应变量Δε=0. 66时,与420℃锻造时相比,450℃锻造后的试样强度略有降低,但伸长率明显增加,其抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率分别为295 MPa、252 MPa、13. 8%,但当锻造温度提高到480℃时,强度下降;当锻造温度一定时,随着累积应变量的增加,合金内部组织经历了从原始粗晶到混晶组织、再到由再结晶晶粒组成的细小均匀组织的演变,且合金在Δε=0. 66时的力学性能最佳。最终,确定了Mg-8Gd-1Er-0. 5Zr合金的锻造温度优选为450℃。     

直接挤压ZM21镁合金的组织细化和力学性能

对铸态ZM21镁合金在不同温度（200,250,300和350℃）与不同挤压比（4：1,9：1,16：1）下进行挤压。借助光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和拉伸试验来研究挤压参数（温度和挤压比）的影响。挤压钛合金的光学显微组织呈现出不同阶段的再结晶组织,从部分到完全再结晶,进而影响到合金的力学性能。较高的挤压温度会导致生成粗大的晶粒,然而,较高的挤压比导致细小的晶粒。在250℃、挤压比9：1下挤压后,合金的极限拉伸强度从160MPa增加到316MPa。     

挤压态Mg-2Zn-0.4Zr-0.6Ce生物镁合金组织与性能

利用OM、SEM、质量损失测试、电化学测试与拉伸试验研究了挤压温度对Mg-2Zn-0.4Zr-0.6Ce生物镁合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,热挤压后合金发生动态再结晶,合金的组织均由细小的再结晶晶粒与原始晶粒组成。在470~510℃范围内随着挤压温度的升高,合金再结晶晶粒体积分数逐渐增大,晶粒尺寸变化不明显,合金的腐蚀速率与腐蚀电流密度Icorr先减小后增大,容抗弧半径先增大后减小。挤压温度为490℃时,合金的耐蚀性最好,腐蚀速率为0.9337 mm·a~(-1),腐蚀电流密度为4.67μA·cm~(-2)。由于细晶强化与位错强化作用,热挤压后合金的强度得到提高,随着挤压温度的升高,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率先增大后减小。挤压温度为490℃时,合金的综合力学性能最好,合金的抗拉强度与伸长率分别为259.1 MPa与14.1%。     

热挤压工艺对Mg-4Li-1Al合金组织与性能的影响

通过对Mg-4Li-1Al合金进行热挤压和拉伸实验,以及显微组织分析和微观断口分析,研究了挤压工艺对合金显微组织和力学性能及微观断裂机制的影响。结果表明:采用挤压温度为200℃、挤压比为3.9、挤压速度为30mm/min的工艺热挤压后,合金中存在大量的孪晶,α-Mg晶粒沿挤压方向变形明显;当挤压温度升高至270℃、挤压比增大至9.7,合金显微组织中的孪晶基本消失,且α-Mg晶粒产生了局部的动态再结晶。随着挤压温度升高、挤压比增大,Mg-4Li-1Al合金的塑性大幅度提高,伸长率提高约2.5倍,断面收缩率提高约2.1倍。同时,合金的断裂方式由以解理断裂和沿晶断裂为主的混合断裂转变为准解理断裂。     

Mg-Zn-Y-Nd-Zr合金的显微组织、织构、力学性能

对Mg-Zn-Y-Nd-Zr合金的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,Nd元素的加入部分取代了W相（Mg₃Zn₃Y₂）中的Y元素,形成了新的第二相Mg₃Zn₃(Y, Nd)₂。热挤压后观察到由细小的等轴再结晶晶粒和粗大的细长未再结晶晶粒组成的典型双峰结构。Nd元素的加入促进了热挤压过程中的动态再结晶,随着Nd含量的增加,动态再结晶率增加,挤压态合金的整体织构强度减弱。Nd的加入细化了晶粒并改善了合金的力学性能。添加0.5%（质量分数）Nd时,挤压态合金表现出高强度和高塑性的良好结合：屈服强度为362 MPa,极限抗拉伸强度为404 MPa,延伸率为10.2%。时效处理后合金的抗拉伸强度进一步提高,峰值时效极限抗拉伸强度可达421 MPa。合金的高强度主要归功于超细再结晶晶粒和析出强化。     

变形态Mg-Nd合金的组织转变和拉伸性能特征

研究不同变形条件对Mg-2.2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr合金室温拉伸性能和组织的影响.经过不同条件的热挤压变形后,该合金的强度和延性都有不同程度的增加,屈强比从0.58提高到0.87左右.固定变形温度时,强度随变形速率增大而降低,延性反之.固定变形速率时,升高变形温度则强度降低,延性增加.弥散于晶界的Mg9Nd化合物细化了晶粒.变形态Mg-Nd合金的高温超塑拉伸研究发现,375℃是该合金的最佳超塑变形温度,应变速率在1×10-2s-1时,延伸率达到329%;当变形速率提高到2×10-2s-1时,该合金的延伸率仍可达到213%.分析不同真应变下的组织发现,在变形初期发生动态再结晶,晶粒得到破碎而变得细小,随着变形程度的增加,晶粒长大程度较小.在变形后的断口形貌中发现,Mg-Nd合金的超塑变形机制为晶界滑移控制下的孔洞连接协调机制.     

多向锻造对高强度Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金的塑性增强作用(英文)

采用多向锻造及人工时效制备高强度高塑性GW94合金。该合金具有完全再结晶组织和亚微米级超细等轴晶,其抗拉强度、屈服强度及伸长率分别为377MPa,295MPa和21.7%。与传统挤压工艺相比,多向锻造显著提高材料的塑性。在573K下拉伸时,该合金表现出超塑性,其最大伸长率为450%。GW94合金的高强度和高塑性是由完全再结晶晶粒和在晶界处动态析出Mg5(Gd,Y)纳米颗粒的共同作用。     

Effect of thermomechanical processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNiMn high entropy alloy

The CoCrFeNiMn high entropy alloy was produced by homogenization, cold rolling and recrystallization. The effects of thermomechanical processing on microstructures and tensile properties at different temperatures were investigated using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and multi-functional testing machine. The results show that dendritic structures in cast alloy evolve into equiaxed grains after being recrystallized, with single face-centered cubic (FCC) phase detected. The most refined alloys, stemming from the highest rolling ratio (40%), exhibit the highest strength due to the grain boundary strengthening, while the variation of elongation with temperature shows a concave feature. For the coarse-grained alloys, both the ductility and work hardening ability decrease monotonically with increasing temperature. Serrated flow observed at intermediate temperatures is attributed to the effective pinning of dislocations, which manifests the occurrence of dynamic strain hardening and results in the deterioration in ductility. Besides, dimples on the fracture surfaces indicate the typical ductile rupture mode.     

挤压比对热挤压AZ80镁合金管材组织和性能的影响

选用不同的挤压比对变形镁合金AZ80进行管材热挤压工艺试验研究,对挤压前后材料组织与力学性能的变化进行分析。结果表明,热挤压可以显著细化AZ80镁合金的晶粒,而且随着挤压比的增加,晶粒变得更加细小;增大挤压比也可以提高AZ80镁合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度。结果表明,挤压比为18.2,坯料温度为390℃,模具预热温度为360℃,凹模的半模角为60°～70°,可得到均匀的合金组织和良好的力学性能。     

Effects of Tool Rotation Rates on Superplastic Deformation Behavior of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Zn-Y-Zr AlloyEI北大核心CSCD

Compared to conventional Mg-Al and Mg-Zn system magnesium alloys, the Mg-Zn-Y-Zr heat-resistant alloy exhibits high thermal stability due to the addition of Y earth element, which is an ideal candidate for producing high strain rate superplasticity (HSRS, strain rate >= 1 x 10(-2) s(-1)). Recently, the HSRS of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy was achieved by friction stir processing (FSP), because the FSP resulted in the generation of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains and fine and homogeneous second phase particles. However, the study on superplastic deformation mechanism of FSP Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy at various parameters is limited relatively. Therefore, at the present work, six millimeters thick as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y-Zr plates were subjected to FSP at relatively wide heat input range of rotation rates of 800 r/min to 1600 r/min with a constant traverse speed of 100 mm/min, obtaining FSP samples consisting of homogeneous, fine and equiaxed dynamically recrystallized grains and fine and uniform Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase (W-phase) particles. With increasing rotation rate, within the FSP samples the W-phase particles were broken up and dispersed significantly and the recrystallized grains were refined slightly, while the fraction ratio of the high angle grain boundaries (grain boundaries misorientation angle >= 15 degrees) was increased obviously. Increasing rotation rate resulted in an increase in both optimum strain rate and superplastic elongation. For the FSP sample obtained at 1600 r/min, a maximum elongation of 1200% was achieved at a high-strain rate of 1x10(-2) s(-1) and 450 degrees C. Grain boundary sliding was identified to be the primary deformation mechanism in the FSP samples at various rotation rates by superplastic data analyses and surfacial morphology observations. Furthermore, the increase in rotation rate accelerated superplastic deformation kinetics remarkably. For the FSP sample at 1600 r/min, superplastic deformation kinetics is in good agreement with the prediction by the superplastic constitutive equation for fine-grained magnesium alloys governed by grain boundary sliding mechanism.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Zn–(Nd)–Zr alloys with different extrusion processes

The effect of Nd addition and the in?uence of extrusion processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6Zn–0.5Zr(ZK60) and Mg–6Zn–1.5Nd–0.5Zr(ZKNd602) alloys were investigated. Nd element can obviously re?ne the microstructure of both as-cast and asextruded Mg–Zn–Nd–Zr alloy. All of the extruded alloys exhibit a bimodal grain structure composed of equiaxed?ne recrystallized(DRXed) grains and elongated coarse un DRXed grains. It is necessary to achieve high strength,particularly the yield strength, for ZKNd602 alloy, when it is extruded with a lower extrusion temperature, a suitable extrusion ratio and a relatively lower extrusion ram speed. In this study, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS),yield strength(YS) and elongation(El) of the extruded ZKNd602 alloy were 421 MPa, 402 MPa and 6.7 %,respectively, with extrusion temperature of 290 °C, extrusion ratio of 18:1 and a ram speed of approximate0.4 mm·s~(-1). Meanwhile, the extrusion process has obvious effects on the room-temperature properties but weak effects on the high-temperature properties.     

连续柱状晶CuAlNi合金无模拉拔过程中的组织性能演变

在进料速率0.5 mm/s,冷热源距离15 mn保持不变,拉拔速率0.8—1.1 mm/s,变形温度650—900℃的条件下,对连续柱状晶组织Cu-14.0%Al-3.8%Ni(质量分数)合金线材进行了无模拉拔实验,研究了无模拉拔工艺与合金显微组织和力学性能的关系,并对变形后合金组织性能演变的机理进行了探讨.结果表明:平直晶界连续柱状晶合金线材经无模拉拔变形后,可形成平直晶界和锯齿状晶界连续柱状晶、不完全动态再结晶和完全动态再结晶4种微观组织.在变形温度650℃,拉拔速率0.80.9 mm/s的范围内,变形后合金仍然保持平直晶界连续柱状晶组织;随着变形温度和拉拔速率的提高,连续柱状晶的平直晶界向锯齿状晶界转变.当拉拔速率为0.9 mm/s,变形温度上升至850℃时,合金呈现出明显的不完全动态再结晶的组织特征,即原始柱状晶粒沿变形方向拉长变细,在部分锯齿状晶界处有细小的动态再结晶晶粒产生;继续升高温度至900℃,合金发生完全动态再结晶,大量等轴、尺寸较大的动态再结晶晶粒完全取代了变形的柱状晶粒.拉拔变形后合金线材的抗拉强度随着变形温度的升高先小幅度增加然后显著降低,而伸长率则单调降低.     

Effects of extrusion and heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–8Zn–1Al–0.5Cu–0.5Mn alloy

The effects of extrusion and heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–8Zn–1Al–0.5Cu– 0.5Mn magnesium alloy were investigated. Bimodal microstructure is formed in this alloy when it is extruded at 230 and 260 °C, and complete DRX occurs at the extruding temperature of 290 °C. The basal texture of as-extruded alloys is reduced gradually with increasing extrusion temperature due to the larger volume fraction of recrystallized structure at higher temperatures. For the alloy extruded at 290 °C, four different heat treatments routes were investigated. After solution + aging treatments, the grains sizes become larger. Finer and far more densely dispersed precipitates are found in the alloy with solution + double-aging treatments compared with alloy with solution + single-aging treatment. Tensile properties are enhanced remarkably by solution + double-aging treatment with the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation being 298 MPa, 348 MPa and 18%, respectively. This is attributed to the combined effects of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and the uniformly distributed finer precipitates.