TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢的储能焊

采用储能焊焊接TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢异质接头，研究了两种母材及接头的力学性能，在光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪上观察分析接头的断口形貌和微观组织。结果表明：TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢异质接头的抗拉强度较低并且脆。由于不锈钢与TiNi形状记忆合金熔化，在接头处形成铸态组织及脆性化合物，改变了TiNi形状记忆合金成分和组织，异质接头的记忆效应和抗拉强度受到严重影响。为了提高异质接头的性能．焊接时应尽量避免各种缺陷并将焊缝中多余熔化金属挤出。     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光钎焊接头界面组织特征

通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪及X射线衍射技术分析TiNi形状记忆合金与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢激光钎焊接头界面反应层的组织结构特征。结果表明：TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光钎焊接头钎缝主要由α-Ag固溶体、α′-Cu固溶体和Ag-Cu共晶相组成;不锈钢/银基钎料界面反应区由3层连续的反应层构成,分别为：奥氏体（A）,马氏体（M）/A和M/α-Ag＋α′-Cu＋M;TiNi形状记忆合金/银基钎料界面反应层主要由Ti（Ni,Cu）＋（Ni,Cu）Ti2化合物组成。     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光焊接头裂纹分析及防止措施

采用激光焊对TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢异种材料进行焊接,用扫描电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜研究了TiNi合金/不锈钢接头裂纹及断口特征,分析了焊缝裂纹的形成机理,并提出了防止裂纹的措施.结果表明,裂纹多以微裂纹的形式出现于焊缝中心和TiNi合金侧熔合区.焊缝中存在大量的脆性化合物是产生裂纹的内在原因,接头受到拉伸应力是产生裂纹的必要条件,焊缝裂纹是二者共同作用的结果.通过焊接区加镍和钴中间层材料、改变激光光斑位置、焊接区施加轴向力及优化激光焊接参数的方法均能在一定程度上改善焊缝金属的裂纹敏感性,其中加金属中间层效果更为明显,加镍和钴中间层后,接头抗拉强度分别达到372和347 MPa,比未加中间层的接头的抗拉强度分别提高98.9%和85.6%.     

钎焊温度对TiNi形状记忆合金性能和组织的影响

TiNi形状记忆合金力学性能和组织对温度变化极为敏感。通过改变加热温度，研究了TiNi形状记忆合金的力学性能和组织变化规律。结果表明：加热温度对TiNi形状记忆合金的抗拉强度和超弹性影响较大。TiNi形状记忆合金力学性能变化存在着两个临界转变温度。温度高于650℃，抗拉强度降低；温度高于200℃，超弹性降低。组织由B19相已部分转变为B2相。     

前苏联研制TiNi形状记忆合金现状

形状记忆合金是一种过去人们尚未认识的物理-机械性能的新型合金,合金的奇特功能可解决许多工程上的问题,因此倍受各国科学家的重视,并相继对合金基础理论及其应用开展研究。合金的形状记忆是由热弹性马氏体转变引起的,据称这一现象是在1949年前苏联学者Г.В.库尔纠莫夫和Л.Г.汉德罗斯所发现。TiNi形态记忆合金     

TiNi形状记忆合金电阻钎焊技术

利用自行研制的数控交流电阻焊机，采用CuNi薄带钎料，配合改进型钎剂对TiNi形状记忆合金丝材的电阻钎焊技术进行了研究，分析了焊接热量、焊接时间、焊接压力及保护气体等参数对接头力学性能的影响规律，得到了获得优异力学性能的TiNi合金丝接头的最佳焊接参数。试验结果表明，焊接热量对接头的力学性能有着显的影响。研究结果表明，电阻钎焊技术可实现TiNi合金的可靠连接。     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢的瞬时液相扩散焊

采用AgCu金属箔作中间过渡层,对TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢进行了瞬时液相扩散焊,分析了接头的显微组织、元素分布和物相组成等,研究了接头的抗剪强度和断裂方式。结果表明:接头界面区由TiNi侧过渡区,中间区,不锈钢侧过渡区组成,主要相分别为Ti(Cu,Ni,Fe),AgCu,TiFe等。连接温度为860℃,保温时间为60min,连接压力为0.05MPa时,接头最大抗剪强度为239MPa。断裂发生在TiNi母材和AgCu中间层扩散界面上,断口为混合断裂形貌。通过中间层等温凝固过程动力学模型,结合界面形貌和元素扩散分析,认为TiNiSMA与不锈钢异种材料瞬时液相扩散焊过程存在明显的非对称性。     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢TLP-DB接头界面组织及力学性能

采用AgCu金属箔作中间层,对TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢进行了瞬间液相扩散焊.分析了接头的显微组织、元素分布、物相组成等,研究了接头的显微硬度和不同工艺参数下的抗剪强度.结果表明,接头界面区由TiNi侧过渡区、中间区和不锈钢侧过渡区组成,主要相分别为Ti(Cu,Ni,Fe),AgCu,TiFe等.过渡区的显微硬度值高达500~650 HV,但中间区的硬度值只有大约120 HV.随加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长,接头抗剪强度均呈先增大后减小的趋势,最大抗剪强度为239.4 MPa.断裂发生在TiNi母材和AgCu中间层扩散界面上,断口为混合断裂形貌.     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢焊接接头性能比较

采用微束等离子弧焊、储能焊和激光钎焊焊接TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢异质接头，研究了接头的力学性能，在光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪上观察分析了接头的断口形貌和微观组织。结果表明：采用微束等离子弧焊和储能焊，焊接接头极脆，抗拉强度低且不能承受弯矩，热影响区硬度增加，接头呈脆性断裂；采用激光钎焊，接头抗拉强度达320～360NPa，热影响区较小，TiNi形状记忆合金性能损失较小。因此，激光钎焊比微束等离子弧焊和储能焊更适合焊接TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of laser-welded TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel wires

The Nd:YAG laser welding was used to join the TiNi shape memory alloy and AISI304 stainless steel wires. The microstructural features of the dissimilar material joint were analyzed. The tensile and hardness tests were carried out to examine the mechanical properties and microhardness distribution of the welded joint. The results show that the joint has the non-homogeneous microstructure and element distribution. The brittle phases such as Fe2Ti, FeTi, Cr2Ti, Ti3Ni4, Fe0.2Ni4.8Ti5 and TiN mainly segregate in rich Ti region of fusion zone. The laser-welded joint has the tensile strength of 298 MPa with the elongation of 3.72% and exhibits the brittle fracture features on the fracture surfaces. The reasons for low joint strength were discussed in this investigation.     

Microstructures and properties of capacitor discharge welded joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel

0IntroductionTiNi SMAis a newkind of functional material used inmany fields,such as aviation and spaceflight,atomic ener-gy,ocean development,instruments and medical purpo-ses,etc.due to its special SME and superelasticity,aswell as excellent erosion resi…     

Microstructures and properties of welded joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel

The fracture characteristics of the joint were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope(SEM).Microstructures of the joint were examined by means of optical microscope, SEM and an image analyzer. The results show that the tensile strength of the inhomogeneous joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel is lower than that of the homogeneous joint and a plastic field appears in the heat affected zone on the side of TiNi shape memory alloy. Because TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel melted, a brittle as-cast structure was formed in the weld. The tensile strength and the shape memory effect of the inhomogeneous joint are strongly influenced by the changes of composition and structure of the joint. Measures should be taken to reduce the base metal melting and prevent the weld metal from the invasion by O for improving the properties of the TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel inhomogeneous joint.     

几种Ag基钎料钎焊NiTiNb形状记忆合金的接头组织及性能

采用AgCuInTi、AgCuTi和AgCuPd三种钎料对NiTiNb形状记忆合金进行真空钎焊,对应的钎焊温度分别为780℃、880℃和980℃,获得了冶金质量良好的接头。微观分析结果表明,三种接头的中心区域均生成了Ag基固溶体,在该固溶体区与NiTiNb母材之间生成了灰黑色扩散反应层,其中AgCuInTi和AgCuTi钎料对应接头的反应层中生成了(Cu,Ni)Ti化合物相,而AgCuPd钎料对应接头的反应层中生成了(Cu,Pd,Ni)-Ti相。测试三种钎料对应接头的室温抗拉强度,强度最高的是AgCuPd钎料对应接头,平均值达到593 MPa;其次为AgCuInTi钎料对应接头,抗拉强度为528 MPa;强度最低的是NiTiNb/AgCuTi/NiTiNb接头,平均值为459 MPa。保温时间对NiTiNb/AgCuInTi/NiTiNb接头微观组织及强度影响较小。分析接头断口发现,断裂主要发生在性能薄弱的(Cu,Ni)Ti相区或(Cu,Pd,Ni)-Ti相区。     

A Fe-Ni-Cr system filler metal for brazing of stainless steel

New Fe-Ni-Cr system brazing alloys were designed,in which elements Si and B as well as Cu-Ti binary alloy were added as the temperature depressants. The brazing alloys were fabricated into filler foils by a rapidly-solidifying technique. It was found that, to acquire a suitable liquidus temperature of the filler alloy, the addition of Cu-Ti binary alloy decreased the needed amount of Si and B, and it had an effecton improvement in mechanical properties of the brazed joints. Based on the results of melting and wettability experiments, one filler metal was used to join stainless steel at 1140 ℃ for 15 min. The microstructure of the joint was analyzed by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). It was found that the typical joint was mainly composed of solid solution with a small quantity of Cr-rich borides strips, Ti-rich boride blocks and Cu-rich silicide particles. The brazed joints show an average tensile strength of 270.8 MPa and an average impact toughness of 35.6 J/cm².     

Ag95CuNiLi钎料钎焊钛合金与不锈钢异种金属的性能分析Ⅰ.钎料腐蚀性能

制备了Ag95CuNiLi钎料,研究了该钎料在核动力专用装置工况条件下的均匀腐蚀、点腐蚀和电偶腐蚀性能.均匀腐蚀试验结果表明,1500h后,均匀腐蚀减重趋于稳定,均匀腐蚀速率为7.2mg/(dm2*M).点腐蚀试验结果表明,在整个试验过程中,钎料表面表现为均匀腐蚀,点蚀的迹象不明显.电耦腐蚀试验结果表明,钎料-不锈钢耦合电极中,钎料为阴极而得到保护,不锈钢母材为阳极,耦合电流在亚微安级;钎料-钛合金之间的电偶腐蚀中,钛合金母材为阴极而得到保护,钎料为阳极而加速腐蚀,耦合电流稳定在1.2μA,电流密度约为1.5×10-1μA/cm2,电偶腐蚀的敏感性不大.