IABP在危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期的应用

目的：探讨危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）患者围手术期应用主动脉球囊反搏（IABP）疗效。方法：回顾性分析2008年1月至2010年9月40例应用IABP治疗的危重症CABG患者围手术期资料。结果：术前安置IABP 19例,术中安置IABP 10例,术后安置IABP11例。平均IABP辅助时间98.6±48.2小时。32例患者治愈出院,死亡8例,死亡率20.0%。术前安置者死亡率为21.1%,若除外机械并发症原因则死亡率为10.5%;术中安置者死亡率为20.0%;术后安置者死亡率为18.2%。5例出现血小板减少症;1例出现肠系膜动脉栓塞。结论：IABP是一种安全有效的循环辅助方法,积极应用可以明显提高危重症CABG的治疗效果。     

同期行冠状动脉旁路移植和心脏瓣膜置换术治疗冠心病合并心脏瓣膜病的临床研究

目的:总结同期行冠状动脉旁路移植(CABG)和心脏瓣膜置换术治疗冠心病合并心脏瓣膜病的临床经验。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的41例接受冠状动脉旁路移植同期行心脏瓣膜置换术的冠心病合并心脏瓣膜病患者的临床资料,对手术方法、主要并发症和术后处理方法进行分析总结。结果:41例患者中,行二次开胸4例(9.76%),应用IABP 2例(4.88%),发生低心排综合征6例(14.63%)、肾功能不全6例(14.63%)、肺功能不全7例(17.07%)、脑合并症1例(2.44%)、胸腔积液4例(9.77%),死亡6例(13.63%),其余患者康复出院。结论:CABG同期行心脏瓣膜置换术治疗冠心病合并心脏瓣膜病的近期疗效满意。术前改善心功能,成熟的手术技术,完全的心肌再血管化,良好的心肌保护,停机困难者尽早应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)及加强术后处理是提高CABG同期行心脏瓣膜置换术疗效的重要措施。     

主动脉内球囊反搏对重症急性心肌梗死患者血小板的影响及相关因素分析

目的:探讨主动脉内球囊反搏(Intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP)对重症急性心肌梗死患者血小板的影响及其相关影响因素。方法:选择2015年6月至2017年5月南京市第一医院心血管内科59例在IABP辅助下行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(Percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的重症急性心肌梗死患者及同期行单纯PCI治疗的58例患者为研究对象,比较其术前和术后不同时间点血小板的变化情况。进一步通过Logistic回归分析PCI+IABP治疗组患者血小板减少的影响因素。结果:术后第1天和第3天,IABP+PCI组血小板计数均显著低于单纯PCI组(P0.05),且血小板最低值出现在术后第3天。术后第7天,两组血小板均恢复至接近术前水平。Logistics回归分析表明患者年龄和IABP留置时间是IABP辅助PCI治疗患者血小板减少的危险因素。结论:重症急性心肌梗死患者接受IABP辅助下PCI治疗时血小板的显著减少,与患者年龄及IABP留置时间密切相关。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术后血糖变化临床分析

目的:分析冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后患者高血糖的发生率及血糖的变化规律。方法:回顾性分析我院2005年1月～2009年12月行CABG的冠心病患者138例的糖尿病史、术前术后血糖水平、后高血糖和血糖峰值的出现时间等资料。按术前有无糖尿病分为糖尿病组和非糖尿病组,比较析两组的差异。结果:138例患者中有101例发生术后高血糖,发生率为73.2%,非糖尿病组发生率为69.7%;糖尿病组发生率为77.4%,2组术后高血糖发生率未见统计学差异(x2=1.027,P=0.3109)。术前血糖水平与术后高血糖发生率呈正相关,99.0%的患者出现在入住重症强医疗病房(ICU)24h以内,术后血糖峰值的出现时间入住ICU16h,且非糖尿病组出现时间较糖尿病组早。结论:CABG后高血糖的发生率较高,且绝大多数出现在术后24 h以内,术后高血糖发生率与术前血糖水平呈正相关。     

急性心肌梗死患者冠脉搭桥术前中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比率与 围术期心肌损伤相关分析*

摘要目的：探讨急性心肌梗死患者冠脉搭桥（CABG）术前中性粒细胞- 淋巴细胞比率（NLR）与围术期心肌损伤的关系,为临床 CABG 围术期心肌保护提供参考依据。方法：选取2012 年1 月至2012年6 月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院因急性心肌梗死 接受冠脉搭桥手术（CABG）患者210 例,收集术前血常规及术后肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）及肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）,计算NLR;采用 四分位法根据NLR 水平将患者分为四组,比较各组cTnI 及CK-MB 峰值,多元逐步回归分析NLR 与cTnI 及CK-MB 峰值的相 关性。结果：随着NLR 水平升高,高血压病史和射血分数＜50%患者比例逐渐增多;白细胞计数、术后CK-MB 及cTnI峰值、术后 血肌酐值均逐渐增加;多元逐步回归分析显示,NLR、WBC分别与cTnI 峰值呈正相关（r=0.526,r=0.186,P<0.05）。结论：术前 NLR、WBC 与cTnI 峰值呈正相关,NLR 可能是反应急性心肌梗死患者冠脉搭桥围术期心肌损伤的良好标志物。     

围术期护理干预在急性阑尾炎患者中的效果分析

目的:探讨优质护理在急性阑尾炎围术期中的应用效果。方法:从2013年6月~2015年1月在本院收治的急性阑尾炎患者中抽取48例,均行手术治疗。将其随机分为对照组与治疗组,对照组给予常规手术护理,治疗组给予围术期优质护理,对比两组护理效果与术后并发症发生率。结果:术后对照组有8例出现并发症(33.3%),治疗组有3例出现并发症(12.5%);治疗组护理满意度为95.8%,对照组护理满意度为79.2%。结论:围术期优质护理干预不仅能降低术后并发症发生率,还能促进患者尽快康复,值得临床推广应用。     

围术期应用他汀类药物对冠状动脉旁路移植术并发急性肾损伤疗效的研究进展

急性肾损伤是冠状动脉旁路移植术后常见并且严重的并发症,目前临床治疗主要以对症治疗和肾脏替代治疗为主。作为调节冠心病患者血脂的他汀类药物,其对于行冠状动脉旁路移植术患者肾脏的作用也成为了学者研究的热点问题。目前虽已有充分证据表明他汀类药物可以降低行冠状动脉旁路移植术患者院内死亡率,但是尚不清楚其能否降低患者术后急性肾损伤的发生率。对于在冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期应用他汀类药物,其应用的时间窗以及应用的剂量学者们仍未达成统一意见。本文通过分析他汀类药物在冠心病整体防治中的作用机理机制,以及总结近几年关于他汀用药时间窗,用药剂量对于行CABG患者术后肾脏影响的相关文献,对围手术期应用他汀类药物对于行CABG患者术后急性肾损伤的影响展开综述。     

音乐疗法在眶壁骨折围手术期护理中的应用研究

目的:观察音乐疗法在眶壁骨折围手术期对患者焦虑情绪和术后疼痛程度的影响.方法:自2010年3月至2011年12月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一临床医院眼科医院共收治眶壁骨折患者40例,随机将40例患者分为观察组和对照组,两组均采用常规术前健康护理和心理指导,观察组给予音乐疗法,比较两组患者围手术期的焦虑程度和术后疼痛的程度;运用SPSS11.5进行统计学处理.结果:观察组采用音乐疗法后,观察组在围手术期的焦虑自评量表评分及疼痛程度均比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:音乐疗法能改善眶壁骨折患者围手术期的焦虑状态和减轻术后的疼痛程度,使手术病人顺利渡过围手术期,促进术后恢复,是一种受患者欢迎的辅助治疗方法.     

PCI术前与术后主动脉内球囊反搏治疗急性心肌梗死合并心功能不全患者的疗效比较

目的:比较急性心肌梗死合并心功能不全患者冠状动脉介入(PCI)术前及术后植入主动脉内球囊反搏术(IABP)的效果及其安全性.方法:选择50例2010年1月至2011年6月在南京市第一医院CCU病房应用IABP治疗的急性心肌梗死患者,分为两组,A组为术前组,B组为术后组,各25例,观察并比较两组的即刻病情改善率、住院期间并发症及术后30天心功能、主要心血管事件(MACE)发生率.结果:A组IABP即刻病情改善显著高于B组(36％ vs.12％,P＜0.05).两组住院期间并发症的发生率均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).术后30天,A组LVEF显著低于B组(40.2± 7.7％vs.35.6±5.0％,P＜0.05).MACE事件,A组非致死性心肌梗死、再次PCI/CABG术及死亡发生率低于B组,其中A组死亡率显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(58％vs.32％,P＜0.05).结论:PCI术前植入IABP对于急性心肌梗死合并心功能不全患者的疗效优于PCI术后植入,且不提高并发症的发生率.     

IABP在瓣膜病合并巨大左心室患者中的临床应用

目的评价瓣膜病合并巨大左心室患者术后应用主动脉内球囊反搏泵(IABP)的效果.方法回顾分析本院1997～2000年瓣膜病合并巨大左心室换瓣术后应用IABP患者26例(组Ⅰ),对照组(组Ⅱ)为同期未应用IABP患者30例.观察其血流动力学、心功能、心律、ST段的,比较两组早期生存率.结果IABP辅助时间为(57±29)h,患者在应用IABP后,桡动脉压力在早期有所下降(P＜0.01);舒张压上升(P＜0.01);平均动脉压于应用后即可见明显提高,外周阻力明显降低.心律失常的变化于应用IABP后1 h频发室早或室速转为偶发室早,ST段的抬高或降低在30 min～1 h后恢复正常.组Ⅱ患者出现的频发室早或室速于(22±11)h后转为偶发室早,ST段的抬高或降低于(24±10)h后.持续左心功能(CCO)监测结果见组Ⅰ CO、CI于应用IABP后2 h明显恢复,24 h已经恢复到术前水平;组Ⅱ于24 h才有所恢复.组Ⅰ早期生存率为80.3%,与组Ⅱ(64.7%)比较P＜0.01.结论IABP能够有效地控制瓣膜病合并巨大左心室患者术后室性心律失常的发生,使心功能得到了有效的支持,大大降低了早期死亡率.     

The Effects of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps on Mortality in Patients Undergoing High-Risk Coronary Revascularization: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Stenting Era

Background

Intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) have generally been used for patients undergoing high-risk mechanical coronary revascularization. However, there is still insufficient evidence to determine whether they can improve outcomes in reperfusion therapy patients, mainly by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). This study was designed to determine the difference between high-risk mechanical coronary revascularization with and without IABPs on mortality, by performing a meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials of the current era.

Methods

Pubmed and Embase databases were searched from inception to May 2015. Unpublished data were obtained from the investigators. Randomized clinical trials of IABP and non-IABP in high-risk coronary revascularization procedures (PCI or CABG) were included. In the case of PCI procedures, stents should be used in more than 80% of patients. Numbers of events at the short-term and long-term follow-up were extracted.

Results

A total of 12 randomized trials enrolling 2155 patients were included. IABPs did not significantly decrease short-term mortality (relative risk (RR) 0.66; 95% CI, 0.42–1.01), or long-term mortality (RR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.47–1.35), with low heterogeneity across the studies. The findings remained stable in patients with acute myocardial infarction with or without cardiogenic shock. But in high-risk CABG patients, IABP was associated with reduced mortality (71 events in 846 patients; RR 0.40; 95%CI 0.25–0.67).

Conclusion

In patients undergoing high-risk coronary revascularization, IABP did not significantly decrease mortality. But high-risk CABG patients may be benefit from IABP. Rigorous criteria should be applied to the use of IABPs.     

Temporal Trends of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients Treated with Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping: A Nationwide Population Study in Taiwan, 1998-2008

Intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) is widely used for hemodynamic support in critical patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). We examined whether the in-hospital mortality of patients in Taiwan treated with IABP has recently declined. We used Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database to retrospectively review the in-hospital all-cause mortality of 9952 (7146 men [71.8%]) 18-year-old and older patients treated with IABP between 1998 and 2008. The mortality rate was 13.84% (n = 1377). The urbanization levels of the hospitals, and the number of days in the intensive care unit, of hospitalization, and of IABP treatment, and prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were associated with mortality. Seven thousand six hundred thirty-five patients (76.72%) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, and 576 (5.79%) underwent high-risk PCI with IABP treatment. The number of patients treated with IABP significantly increased during this decade (p_trend < 0.0001), the in-hospital all-cause mortality for patients treated with IABP significantly decreased (p_trend = 0.0243), but the in-hospital all-cause mortality of patients who underwent CABG and PCI plus IABP did not decrease. In conclusion, the in-hospital mortality rate of IABP treatment decreased annually in Taiwan during the study period. However, high-risk patients who underwent coronary revascularization with IABP had a higher and unstable in-hospital mortality rate.     

Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation during Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock: Insights from the British Columbia Cardiac Registry

Background

Cardiogenic shock complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) era, randomized trials have not shown a survival benefit with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) therapy. This differs to observational data which show a detrimental effect, potentially reflecting bias and confounding. Without robust and valid risk adjustment, findings from non-randomized studies may remain biased.

Methods

We compared long-term mortality following IABP therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock undergoing PPCI during 2008–2013 from the British Columbia Cardiac Registry. We addressed measured and unmeasured confounding using propensity score and instrumental variable methods.

Results

A total of 12,105 patients with STEMI were treated with PPCI during the study period. Of these, 700 patients (5.8%) had cardiogenic shock. Of the patients with cardiogenic shock, 255 patients (36%) received IABP therapy. Multivariable analyses identified IABP therapy to be associated with increased mortality up to 3 years (HR = 1.67, 95% CI:1.20–2.67, p<0.001). This association was lost in propensity-matched analyses (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.84–1.80, p = 0.288). When addressing measured and unmeasured confounders, instrumental variable analyses demonstrated that IABP therapy was not associated with mortality at 3 years (Δ = 16.7%, 95% CI: -12.7%, 46.1%, p = 0.281). Subgroup analyses demonstrated IABP was associated with increased mortality in non-diabetics; patients not undergoing multivessel intervention; patients without renal disease and patients not having received prior thrombolysis.

Conclusions

In this observational analysis of patients with STEMI and cardiogenic shock, when adjusting for confounding, IABP therapy had a neutral effect with no association with long-term mortality. These findings differ to previously reported observational studies, but are in keeping with randomized trial data.     

Efficacy and timing of intra-aortic counterpulsation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock

Background

Guidelines strongly recommend additional intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) therapy in STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there is no randomised evidence suggesting survival benefit of IABP treatment in CS. It is suggested that timing of initiation of IABP therapy could be of great importance. Therefore, we compared mortality rates of IABP therapy versus no IABP therapy in the setting of STEMI complicated by CS. In addition, we investigated the effect of initiation of IABP therapy on mortality.

Methods

From a cohort of 292 STEMI patients with CS treated by primary PCI, 199 patients received IABP therapy (IABP group) and 93 patients received no support (no IABP group). The IABP group was divided into two subgroups based on timing of initiation of support, i.e. ‘IABP pre PCI’ (n = 59) and ‘IABP post PCI’ (n = 140). Outcomes were assessed by propensity stratification and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

All-cause 30-day mortality for the IABP versus the no IABP group was 47 % vs. 28 %, respectively, in univariate analysis resulting in an odds ratio (OR) of 1.67 (95%CI, 1.16 to 2.39). However, analyses adjusting outcomes by propensity stratification and logistic regression, respectively, neutralised this OR. In the IABP pre-PCI group vs. the post-PCI group 30-day mortality was 64 % vs. 40 %, resulting in an OR of 1.56 (95 % CI, 1.18 to 2.08). However, after propensity stratification analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, there were no significant differences in odds of 30-day mortality.

Conclusion

In our cohort of patients with STEMI complicated by CS treated with primary PCI we observed a difference in mortality between those treated with IABP and those treated without IABP in favour of the ‘no IABP’ group. The mortality difference was eliminated after adjustment for differences in case mix by propensity stratification or by logistic regression analysis. Neither did we observe any difference in mortality between patients whose IABP treatment was initiated before or immediately after PCI.     

Effect of obesity on short- and long-term mortality postcoronary revascularization: a meta-analysis

Objective: Overweight and obesity are often assumed to be risk factors for postprocedural mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, recent studies have described an “obesity paradox”—a neutral or beneficial association between obesity and mortality postcoronary revascularization. We reviewed the effect of overweight and obesity systematically on short‐ and long‐term all‐cause mortality post‐coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify cohort, case control, and randomized controlled studies evaluating the effect of obesity on in‐hospital/short‐term (within 30 days) and long‐term (up to 5 years) mortality. Full‐text, published articles reporting all‐cause mortality between individuals with and without elevated BMI were included. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and performed data extraction. Results: Twenty‐two cohort publications were identified, reporting results in ten post‐PCI and twelve post‐CABG populations. Compared to individuals with non‐elevated BMI levels, obese patients undergoing PCI had lower short‐ (odds ratio (OR) 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54–0.73) and long‐term mortality (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.51–0.83). Post‐CABG, obese patients had lower short‐term (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.56–0.71) and similar long‐term (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.60–1.29) mortality risk compared to normal weight individuals. Results were similar in overweight patients for both procedures. Conclusions: Compared to non‐obese individuals, overweight and obese patients have similar or lower short‐ and long‐term mortality rates postcoronary revascularization. Further research is needed to confirm the validity of these findings and delineate potential underlying mechanisms.     

Derivation and validation of predictive indices for 30-day mortality after coronary and valvular surgery in Ontario,Canada

Background:Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) are the 2 most common cardiac surgery procedures in North America. We derived and externally validated clinical models to estimate the likelihood of death within 30 days of CABG, AVR or combined CABG + AVR.Methods:We obtained data from the CorHealth Ontario Cardiac Registry and several linked population health administrative databases from Ontario, Canada. We derived multiple logistic regression models from all adult patients who underwent CABG, AVR or combined CABG + AVR from April 2017 to March 2019, and validated them in 2 temporally distinct cohorts (April 2015 to March 2017 and April 2019 to March 2020).Results:The derivation cohorts included 13 435 patients who underwent CABG (30-d mortality 1.73%), 1970 patients who underwent AVR (30-d mortality 1.68%) and 1510 patients who underwent combined CABG + AVR (30-d mortality 3.05%). The final models for predicting 30-day mortality included 15 variables for patients undergoing CABG, 5 variables for patients undergoing AVR and 5 variables for patients undergoing combined CABG + AVR. Model discrimination was excellent for the CABG (c-statistic 0.888, optimism-corrected 0.866) AVR (c-statistic 0.850, optimism-corrected 0.762) and CABG + AVR (c-statistic 0.844, optimism-corrected 0.776) models, with similar results in the validation cohorts.Interpretation:Our models, leveraging readily available, multidimensional data sources, computed accurate risk-adjusted 30-day mortality rates for CABG, AVR and combined CABG + AVR, with discrimination comparable to more complex American and European models. The ability to accurately predict perioperative mortality rates for these procedures will be valuable for quality improvement initiatives across institutions.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) are 2 of the most common cardiac surgical procedures in North America.¹ Accurate risk models of perioperative mortality for CABG and AVR are not only useful for operative decision-making,² but also valuable for quality improvement initiatives across surgeons and institutions.In North America, the most widely used 30-day mortality risk score is the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)–Predicted Risk of Mortality tool, derived from more than 1000 hospitals in the United States and encompassing more than 50 variables.³ An ideal risk model should be built and validated on the patient population in which it will be applied. Although the STS–Predicted Risk of Mortality tool was derived from a large surgical population, regional differences in patient sociodemographics and health care delivery systems may preclude this model from performing optimally in the health system where cardiac surgery is publicly funded. Furthermore, collecting more than 50 variables is resource intensive and is not feasible for all institutions. Similar limitations apply to the EuroSCORE II, which was derived from a population-based cohort in Europe.⁴ Given these limitations, we developed a more parsimonious model using readily available, linked clinical and administrative data sets in Ontario, Canada, to efficiently and accurately calculate risk-adjusted 30-day mortality rates for the purpose of province-wide quality improvement after CABG, AVR and combined CABG + AVR.     

Influence of Intraaortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation on Transesophageal Echocardiography Derived Determinants of Diastolic Function

Introduction

Intraaortic balloon pump counterpulsation (IABP) is often used in patients with acute coronary syndrome for its favourable effects on left ventricular (LV) systolic function and coronary perfusion. However, the effects of IABP on LV diastolic function have not been comprehensively investigated. Acute diastolic dysfunction has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of IABP on LV diastolic dysfunction using standard TEE derived parameters.

Methods

Intraoperative TEE was performed in 10 patients (mean age 65 ± 11 yrs) undergoing urgent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), who had received an IABP preoperatively. TEE derived measures of diastolic dysfunction included early to late transmitral Doppler inflow velocity ratio (E/A), deceleration time (Dt), pulmonary venous systolic to diastolic Doppler velocity ratio (S/D), transmitral propagation velocity (Vp), and the ratio of early to late mitral annular tissue Doppler velocities (e’/a’). Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon Sign-Rank test, and a p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Transmitral inflow E/A ratios increased significantly from 0.86 to 1.07 (p < 0.05), while Dt decreased significantly from 218 to 180 ms (p < 0.05) with the use of IABP. Significant increases in Vp (34 cm/s to 43 cm/s; p < 0.05), and e’/a’ (0.58 to 0.71; p < 0.05) suggested a favourable influence of intraaortic counterpulsation on diastolic function.

Conclusion

The use of perioperative IABP significantly improves TEE derived parameters of diastolic function consistent with a favourable impact on LV relaxation in cardiac surgery patients undergoing CABG.     

sST2 as a novel biomarker for the prediction of in-hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting

Objectives: Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) biomarker is an emerging predictor of adverse clinical outcomes, but its prognostic value for in-hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is not well understood. This study measured the association between operative sST2 levels and in-hospital mortality after CABG.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 1560 CABG patients were analyzed from the Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group Biomarker Study. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality after CABG surgery (n?=?32).

Results: After risk adjustment, patients in the third tercile of pre-, post- and pre-to-postoperative sST2 values experienced significantly greater odds of in-hospital death compared to patients in the first tercile of sST2 values. The addition of both postoperative and pre-to-postoperative sST2 biomarker significantly improved ability to predict in-hospital mortality status following CABG surgery, compared to using the EuroSCORE II mortality model alone, (c-statistic: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.75, 0.92], p value 0.0213) and (c-statistic: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.75, 0.92], p value 0.0215), respectively.

Conclusion: sST2 values are associated with in-hospital mortality after CABG surgery and postoperative and pre-to-post operative sST2 values improve prediction. Our findings suggest that sST2 can be used as a biomarker to identify adult patients at greatest risk of in-hospital death after CABG surgery.     

Evaluation of the EuroSCORE risk scoring model for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a word of caution

Background. Risk-adjusted mortality rates are used to compare quality of care of different hospitals. We evaluated the EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients and method. Data of all CABG patients from January 2004 until December 2008 were analysed. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves for the additive and logistic EuroSCOREs and the areas under the ROC curve were calculated. Predicted probability of hospital mortality was calculated using logistic regression analyses and compared with the EuroSCORE. Cumulative sum (CUSUM) analyses were performed for the EuroSCORE and the actual hospital mortality. Results. 5249 patients underwent CABG of which 89 (1.7%) died. The mean additive EuroSCORE was 3.5±2.5 (0-17) (median 3.0) and the mean logistic EuroSCORE was 4.0±5.5 (0-73) (median 2.4). The area under the ROC curve was 0.80±0.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76 to 0.84) for the additive and 0.81±0.02 (0.77 to 0.85) for the logistic EuroSCORE. The predicted probability (hazard ratio) was different from the additive and logistic EuroSCOREs. The hospital mortality was half of the EuroSCOREs, resulting in positive variable life-adjusted display curves. Conclusions. Both the additive and logistic EuroSCOREs are overestimating the in-hospital mortality risk in low-risk CABG patients. The logistic EuroSCORE is more accurate in high-risk patients compared with the additive EuroSCORE. Until a more accurate risk scoring system is available, we suggest being careful when comparing the quality of care of different centres based on risk-adjusted mortality rates. (Neth Heart J 2010;18:355-9.)