ITO负载单原子钇吸附NO和CO的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论,对氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)表面负载单原子Y模型的表面性能进行了第一性原理计算.根据表面能计算结果可知,单原子Y最稳定负载位置为空位(H),即确定了ITO负载单原子钇(Single-atom Y supported on ITO,Y/ITO)稳定模型.对ITO和Y/ITO表面吸附气体分子(NO和CO)模型的吸附性能进行了第一性原理计算.根据对比ITO和Y/ITO表面的吸附能和态密度计算结果可知,单原子钇负载提高了ITO表面的稳定性和吸附性能.根据对比Y/ITO表面吸附NO和CO气体分子的吸附能和态密度计算结果可知,NO和CO气体分子吸附均为自发行为,过程放热.且NO气体分子更容易吸附在Y/ITO表面,即Y/ITO对NO气体分子更敏感.     

Y掺杂空位石墨烯对NO及CO气体表面吸附的第一性原理研究

摘　要：基于第一性原理的计算方法,建立了本征石墨烯、空位石墨烯及钇( Y)掺杂空位石墨烯模型,并计算了CO、NO在三类石墨烯表面的吸附过程. 从表面能、吸附结构、吸附能和态密度四个方面进行分析讨论,研究掺杂Y对CO、NO气体吸附性能的影响. 结果表明：CO、NO与本征石墨烯之间的吸附为弱的物理吸附,掺杂Y后增强了材料表面对CO、NO的吸附效果,最大吸附能分别为7.414eV、6.702eV,属于化学吸附;掺杂Y使空位石墨烯费米能级附近有了更多的活跃电子,其吸附NO后体系由半金属转变为金属特性,该特性能为开发更加优良的石墨烯气敏材料提供理论支持.     

NO在金属Be_n(n=2-12)团簇表面的平行吸附

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似(GGA),对Be_nNO (n=2-12)团簇进行了构型优化,稳定性和电子性质分析.结果表明:从n=3开始,Be_nNO的基态均为NO分子平行吸附于主团簇Be_n某一表面时形成的,此时N-O键自然断裂(N-O键伸长量均超过了100%),而N端吸附于Be-Be桥位的结构仅是Be_nNO (n=2-12)团簇的一个亚稳态结构.成键性质分析表明,NO平行吸附时,N,O原子倾向于同时吸附于近邻的三个Be原子面位,相应的Be_n团簇表现出了很好的吸附能力.此时N, O原子的sp~3轨道杂化出现的孤对电子对N-O键的断裂产生了重要影响.     

tetracene 分子在Ru(1010)表面的吸附结构及其电子态研究

利用紫外光电子能谱(UPS)、角分辨紫外光电子能谱(ARUPS)和扫描隧道显微镜(STM)等方法研究了tetracene分子在Ru(1010)表面上吸附的电子态，吸附位置和吸附取向.UPS实验显示，与tetracene分子有关的光电子谱峰在费米能级以下2.1, 3.5, 4.8, 6.0, 7.1和9.2 eV处；ARUPS 结果表明，tetracene分子的分子平面基本平行于衬底表面；从STM图像中可以看到tetracene分子的长轴沿［0001］和［1210］两个晶向.基于密度泛函理论的从头算计算证实了上述结论.当分子长轴沿［0001］晶向时，分子中心位置在衬底表面的“短桥位”上，当分子长轴沿［1210］晶向时，分子中心位置在衬底表面的“四原子中心空位”上. 关键词： tetracene分子 Ru(1010)表面 吸附结构 吸附电子态     

Ru(0001) 表面BaO吸附层的原子结构和氮分子的吸附性质

采用密度泛函理论研究了Ru(0001) /BaO表面的原子层结构和氮分子的吸附性质. 研究结果表明, 在低覆盖度下氧化钡倾向于以相同的构型形成Ru(0001) 表面原子层. 在此构型中, 氧原子位于表面p(1× 1) 结构的hcp谷位, 而钡原子则位于同一p(1× 1) 结构的顶位附近. 钌氧键键长等于0.209 nm, 比EXAFS的实验值大0.018 nm. 在Ru(0001) /BaO表面氮分子倾向吸附于钡原子附近. 相应位置的氮分子吸附能位于0.70到0.87 eV之间, 大于氧原子附近的氮分子吸附能. 钡原子附近的钌原子对氮分子具有更强的活化性能. 相应位置的氮分子拉伸振动频率等于1946 cm^{- 1}, 比氧原子附近的最大分子振动频率小约130 cm^-1. Ru(0001) /BaO表面氮分子键强度介于清洁Ru(0001) 和Ru(0001) /Ba表面之间. Ru(0001)/BaO表面不同位置的氮分子吸附性质差异是由钡和氧原子化学性质不同造成的. 表面钡原子的作用能够减少吸附氮分子的σ^*轨道电子密度, 增加π^*轨道电子密度, 从而增强氮分子和钌原子间的轨道杂化作用, 弱化氮分子键.     

TiO2分子在GaN(0001)表面吸附的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波超软赝势法,计算了TiO₂分子在GaN(0001)表面的吸附成键过程、吸附能量和吸附位置. 计算结果表明不同初始位置的TiO₂分子吸附后,Ti在fcc或hcp位置,两个O原子分别与表面两个Ga原子成键,Ga-O化学键表现出共价键特征,化学结合能达到7.932-7.943eV,O-O连线与GaN[1120]方向平行,与实验观测(100)[001] TiO₂//(0001)[1120]GaN一致. 通过动力学过程计算分析,TiO₂分子吸附过程经历了物理吸附、化学吸附与稳定态形成的过程,稳定吸附结构和优化结果一致. 关键词： GaN(0001)表面 2分子')" href="#">TiO₂分子 密度泛函理论 吸附     

tetracene分子在Ru(100)表面的吸附结构及其电子态研究

利用紫外光电子能谱(UPS)、角分辨紫外光电子能谱(ARUPS)和扫描隧道显微镜(STM)等方法研究了tetracene分子在Ru(100)表面上吸附的电子态,吸附位置和吸附取向.UPS实验显示,与tetracene分子有关的光电子谱峰在费米能级以下2.1,3.5,4.8,6.0,7.1和9.2eV处;ARUPS结果表明,tetracene分子的分子平面基本平行于衬底表面;从STM图像中可以看到tetracene分子的长轴沿[0001]和[1■10]两个晶向.基于密度泛函理论的从头算计算证实了上述结论.当分子长轴沿[0001]晶向时,分子中心位置在衬底表面的“短桥位”上,当分子长轴沿[1210]晶向时,分子中心位置在衬底表面的“四原子中心空位”上.     

ZnO(0001)表面吸附B的电子结构和光学性质研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的总体能量平面波超软赝势方法,结合广义梯度近似,对清洁ZnO(0001)表面及B/ZnO(0001)吸附体系进行了几何结构优化,计算了B/ZnO(0001)吸附体系的吸附能、能带结构、电子态密度和光学性质.计算结果表明:B在ZnO(0001)表面最稳定的吸附位置是T₄位.吸附后B/ZnO(0001)吸附体系表面带隙有所减小,表面态的组成发生变化,n型导电特性有一定程度的减弱,同时,对紫外光的吸收能力显著增强. 关键词： ZnO(0001)表面 B吸附 电子结构 光学性质     

TiO2表面氧空位对NO分子吸附的作用

采用程序升温热脱附(TPD)实验方法测定了NO在TiO2表面吸附后的脱附谱，利用分子轨道理论研究了TiO2吸附NO的原子簇模型及吸附前后的原子簇能级变化．结果表明，NO在TiO2表面吸附后可在两个峰值温度450和980K脱附出N2．TiO2表面经预覆氧处理后，N2的脱附量降低．吸附时NO中的O能够占据TiO2表面氧空位并与N脱离，而N原子则相互结合成为N2脱附．分子轨道理论计算证明在TiO2(110)表面能够存在氧空位并具备吸附NO的结构条件．     

原子分子在Ni(100)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论,结合周期性平板模型,通过对原子H、N、O、S和C,分子CO、N2、NH3、NO,以及自由基CH3、CH、CH2、OH在Ni(100)表面吸附的研究,比较了它们的吸附能,稳定吸附位点,吸附结构及扩散能垒等信息.这些吸附质与表面结合能力从小到大依次是N2NH3COCH3NOHOHCH2CNSONCHC.在所有的原子中,O原子倾向于吸附在桥位,而其余的原子则倾向于吸附在空位.除N2之外的分子吸附物(CO、NO、NH3),最佳吸附位点均为四重空位,而N2的最稳定吸附位置为顶位.对于自由基吸附物(CH、CH2、CN、OH)而言,它们倾向于吸附在四重空位,而CH3则稳定吸附在桥位.     

含锰钢表面氢原子/氢分子吸附行为的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了氢原子和氢分子在纯铁表面和锰原子掺杂表面的吸附与解离行为.研究结果表明,氢原子可在纯铁(001)表面稳定吸附,吸附能按照顶位,桥位和心位依次增强;而溶质原子锰降低了氢原子距离表面的位置并强化了氢原子的吸附行为.氢分子在纯铁表面的吸附解离行为取决于氢分子距离模型表面的初始距离和初始空间构型.氢分子平行于纯铁(001)表面时,距离心位1.2?发生解离,而桥位、顶位均不会发生解离;氢分子垂直放置时,距离桥位0.6?、顶位1.0?发生解离,心位不会发生解离.氢分子平行于锰掺杂纯铁(001)表面时,距离桥位0.6?、顶位0.7?、心位1.2?发生解离;氢分子垂直放置时,距离桥位、心位0.8?发生解离,而顶位放置氢分子不发生解离.归纳可知,锰溶质原子掺杂会增加铁基体表面氢原子和氢分子的吸附作用并促进氢分子发生分解.     

NO adsorption and diffusion on unreconstructed Pt{1 0 0} surface. A density functional theory investigation

Ab initio density functional theory was used to investigate the adsorption and diffusion of a single NO molecule on the unreconstructed Pt{1 0 0}-(1 × 1) surface. To our knowledge this is the first theoretical study of the NO diffusion activation energy on the Pt{1 0 0} surface. The most stable adsorption position for NO corresponds to the bridge site with the axis of the molecule perpendicular to the surface. The bond of the NO molecule to the surface is through the N-atom. We found that there is a low adsorption energy when the NO molecule is bonded through the O-atom and the axis is perpendicular to the surface, for the three high symmetry sites investigated. NO diffusion between bridge-hollow sites, bridge-atop sites, and hollow-atop sites was also investigated. The barrier for NO diffusion is 0.41 eV, which corresponds to the energy difference between the bridge and hollow sites. This value is around 15% of the highest adsorption energy found on this surface. NO stretch frequencies are also calculated for the three high symmetry sites investigated.     

First-principle study of NO adsorption on the LaFeO3 (0 1 0) surface

The adsorption of NO molecule on the LaFeO₃ (0 1 0) surface was studied using first-principle calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the Fe-top site is the most favorable for NO adsorption. The N-O bond length, Mulliken charge, and the N-O vibration frequency of the NO molecule are discussed after adsorption. The analysis results of the density of the states show that when NO is adsorbed with the Fe-NO configuration, the bonding mechanism is mainly from the interaction between the NO and the Fe d orbit.     

Methane adsorption on graphite（0001） films： A first-principles study

Using first-principles methods, we have systematically investigated the electronic density of states, work function, and adsorption energy of the methane molecule adsorbed on graphite(0001) films. The surface energy and the interlayer relaxation of the clean graphite(0001) as a function of the thickness of the film were also studied. The results show that the interlayer relaxation is small due to the weak interaction between the neighboring layers. The one-fold top site is found most favourable on substrate for methane with the adsorption energy of 133 meV. For the adsorption with different adsorption heights above the graphite film with four layers, the methane is found to prefer to appear at about 3.21 A above the graphite. We also noted that the adsorption energy does not dependent much on the thickness of the graphite films. The work function is enhanced slightly by adsorption of methane due to the slight charge transfer from the graphite surface to the methane molecule.     

A density functional study of atomic hydrogen and oxygen chemisorption on the relaxed (0001) surface of double hexagonal close packed americium

Ab initio total energy calculations within the framework of density functional theory have been performed for atomic hydrogen and oxygen chemisorption on the (0001) surface of double hexagonal packed americium using a full-potential all-electron linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method. Chemisorption energies were optimized with respect to the distance of the adatom from the relaxed surface for three adsorption sites, namely top, bridge, and hollow hcp sites, the adlayer structure corresponding to coverage of a 0.25 monolayer in all cases. Chemisorption energies were computed at the scalar-relativistic level (no spin-orbit coupling NSOC) and at the fully relativistic level (with spin-orbit coupling SOC). The two-fold bridge adsorption site was found to be the most stable site for O at both the NSOC and SOC theoretical levels with chemisorption energies of 8.204 eV and 8.368 eV respectively, while the three-fold hollow hcp adsorption site was found to be the most stable site for H with chemisorption energies of 3.136 eV at the NSOC level and 3.217 eV at the SOC level. The respective distances of the H and O adatoms from the surface were found to be 1.196 ?and 1.164 ?. Overall our calculations indicate that chemisorption energies in cases with SOC are slightly more stable than the cases with NSOC in the 0.049–0.238 eV range. The work functions and net magnetic moments respectively increased and decreased in all cases compared with the corresponding quantities of bare dhcp Am (0001) surface. The partial charges inside the muffin-tins, difference charge density distributions, and the local density of states have been used to analyze the Am-adatom bond interactions in detail. The implications of chemisorption on Am 5f electron localization-delocalization are also discussed.     

Search for adsorption potential energy minima of NO on Pt(9 9 7) at 11 K

We observed four kinds of adsorbed NO molecules on Pt(9 9 7) at 11 K using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). The peaks at 1690, 1484 and 1615 cm⁻¹ are assigned to the N-O stretching modes of the on-top site and the hollow site on the terrace and the bridge site at the step, respectively. The 1385 cm⁻¹ peak is observed below ∼70 K. We assign the 1385 cm⁻¹ peak to the hollow site of the (1 1 1) microfacet at the step or the lower-terrace hollow site nearest to the step. By heating, site-to-site hopping to the more stable site occurs and the relative stability of four adsorption sites can be determined.     

Adsorption and rotational barrier for a single azobenzene molecule on Au(111) surface

The orientation switching of a single azobenzene molecule on Au(111) surface excited by tunneling electrons and/or photons has been demonstrated in recent experiments. Here we investigate the rotation behavior of this molecular rotor by first-principles density functional theory(DFT) calculation. The anchor phenyl ring prefers adsorption on top of the fcc hollow site, simulated by a benzene molecule on close packed atomic surface. The adsorption energy for an azobenzene molecule on Au(111) surface is calculated to be about 1.76 e V. The rotational energy profile has been mapped with one of the phenyl rings pivots around the fcc hollow site, illustrating a potential barrier about 50 me V. The results are consistent with experimental observations and valuable for exploring a broad spectrum of molecules on this noble metal surface.     

The adsorbate-induced removal of the Pt{100} surface reconstruction Part I: NO

The molecular adsorption of NO on both the reconstructed (hex) and unreconstructed (1 × 1) surfaces of Pt{100} has been studied using a combination of infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) at temperatures between 90 and 300 K. On the (1 × 1) surface at 300 K adsorbed NO gives rise to an N-O stretching band at initially 1596 cm⁻¹ shifting to 1641 cm⁻¹ at a coverage of θ = 0.5. The LEED pattern at this coverage is interpreted in terms of a c(4 × 2) structure in which all the molecules occupy a single type of adsorption site between the on-top and bridge positions. At temperatures below 300 K, a higher coverage disordered phase is observed, giving rise to an N-O stretching band at 1680 cm⁻¹ associated with an on-top NO species. On the (hex) phase surface above 210 K, NO adsorption gives rise to bands characteristic of adsorption on the (1 × 1) phase indicating that the reconstruction is immediately lifted. Below 200 K initial adsorption actually occurs directly on the (hex) phase, resulting in a band at 1680 cm⁻¹, which is assigned to on-top NO. This band increases in intensity until, at a critical coverage dependent on temperature, the (hex) → (1 × 1) surface phase transition is induced. This is indicated by the disappearance of the band at 1680 cm⁻¹ and its replacement by bands characteristic of adsorption on islands of the (1 × 1) structure.     

Study on the adsorption of fluorescein on Ag(1 1 0) substrate

The adsorption of fluorescein on the Ag(1 1 0) surface has been investigated by the first-principles pseudopotential method. Various adsorption geometries have been calculated and the energetically most favorable structure of fluorescein/Ag(1 1 0) was identified. The fluorescein molecule, in most favorable structure, is on hollow site, and the adsorption energy is 2.34 eV. Here the adsorption sites refer to the positions at the first layer of the substrate where the middle carbon atom of the fluorescein molecule is located. The bonding strength of the fluorescein molecule to the Ag substrate is site selective, being determined by electron transfer to the oxygen atoms of the molecule and local electrostatic attraction between the oxygen atoms and the silver atoms.