半绝缘GaAs台阶衬底上GaAs/GaAlAs液相外延生长

本文介绍了在半绝缘GaAs台阶衬底上用SiO_2作为生长掩蔽膜所进行的多层GaAs/GaAlAs液相外延生长(LPE),讨论了SiO_2膜的厚度对外延层几何形貌的影响。并对GaAs台阶衬底上GaAs外延层的生长速率作了理论分析,给出了在底角对角线方向的生长厚度与生长时间的关系式。     

AsCl_3/Ga/H_2系统GaAs外延片的高分辨率深能级瞬态谱研究

用 AsCl_3/Ga/H_2气相外延系统在 GaAs 衬底上生长出GaAs 外延层并制成 Au-GaAs 肖特基结构.利用高分辨率深能级瞬态谱(HDDLTS)仪研究了外延层中深能级的特性.结果表明,缺陷和杂质在外延层中引进若干较高浓度的深能级,经退火后缺陷深能级会被消除.     

GaAs非平面衬底液相外延的实验研究

本文介绍了在GaAs非平面衬底上进行液相外延的实验,研究了沟槽形状等衬底几何参数和降温速度、过冷度等外延条件对外延层的影响。     

采用热壁外延技术在GaAs衬底上生长CdTe单晶薄膜

我们采用自行设计制造的热壁外延(HWE)装置在GaAs(100)衬底上生长了CdTe晶膜。分析测试表明,该膜为(100)单晶膜。HWE技术生长的CdTe/GaAs结构为外延生长HgCdTe提供了十分合适的衬底。 外延源是用99.999％的cd和Te,在10~(-4)Pa真空,800～1000℃温度下煅烧100h而获得的CdTe多晶。衬底采用(100)GaAs单晶片,解理成6×6 mm~2方块。清洁处理     

LPE法生长GaP/Si材料初探

用普通的液相外延(LPE)方法,在Si衬底上生长了厚约10μm的GaP外延层,并对以Ga,In或Sn为生长熔体进行生长得到的结果做了比较.结果表明,Si在Ga中溶解度很大,Ga不适合做熔体;In为熔体时生长出InGaP合金,Si含量较高,而且出现化学计量比偏离现象;Sn为熔体生长的GaP层中Si含量小于In熔体,而且GaP符合化学计量比.测得GaP外延层带隙波长为540     

在Ge和GaAs衬底上气相生长Znse异质结外延膜

一、引言 ZnSe是重要的发光材料。由于Ge和GaAs与ZnSe的品格常数十分接近,它们品格匹配较好,所以生长出来的ZnSc外延层质量较好;另外,以Ge为衬底成本较低,以GaAs为衬底生长ZnSe光学薄膜,可为光学集成创造有利的条件。     

GaAs/InP异质材料及MESFET器件研究

用低压金属有机气相外延（LP－MOCVD）在InP衬底上生长出较高质量的GaAs材料，并对材料进行Raman、光致发光（PL）谱的测试分析，结果表明在GaAs／InP外延层中存在伸张应力致使Raman的LO模式的频率红移；PL谱峰较强，16K下测到GaAs的特征激子峰和杂质相关的激子峰，表明了GaAs外延层的晶体质量较好。以此生长方法制备了金属－半导体场效应晶体管（MESFET），其单位跨导可达200ms/mm。该器件已经达到GaAs同质结构的器件水平。     

立方相GaN外延层中堆垛层错的非对称性

通过TEM截面像和平面像的观察，对于用低压金属有机化合物气相外延（LP-MOVPE）法在GaAs（001）衬底上制备的立方相GaN外延层中的缺陷结构进行了观察和分析。结果表明，在立方GaN/GaAs（001）外延层中存在很高密度的堆垛层错，层错密度及其宽度在相互垂直的（110）方向上有明显的差异，闪锌矿结构中α位错与β位错间的差异可能是层错出现非对称性的原因。     

ZnSe及ZnSe基异质结构中电子迁移率随静压之变化

考虑压力对有效质量的影响,讨论电子迁移率随压力的变化,分别计算并比较了体ZnSe、ZnSe/GaAs外延层以及ZnSe/ZnS超晶格系统中电子迁移率随压力的变化,提出了非自由基超晶格系统的等效外延层模型.研究表明,内部应变和衬底对系统的电子迁移率随压力变化有重要影响,自由基和非自由基系统中电子迁移率的压力特性有很大区别.     

过冷度对Ⅲ-Ⅴ族五元系化合物AlGaInPAs LPE生长的影响

计算了Ⅲ-Ⅴ族五元系化合物AlGaInPAs与GaAs晶格匹配时的等能隙曲线以及液相外延生长AlGaInPAs/GaAs所用母液中Al的分凝系数。实验证明,由于Al的分凝,使过冷度对AlGaInPAs外延层的固相组分有显著影响,但对外延层的其他性质没有影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.