光电混合相关识别系统中匹配滤波器缩放比例的确定方法

在光电混合匹配滤波相关识别系统中,由于输入图像的频谱与匹配滤波器的形成方式不同,不能直接实现对应频率成份的准确对准。这个问题需要通过对匹配滤波器进行缩放来解决。根据透镜的傅里叶变换性质和计算全息理论,分别推导出输入图像的频谱的表达式和滤波空间光调制器加载了匹配滤波器后的透射函数的表达式,并根据这两个表达式得到匹配滤波器的缩放比例的公式,然后在实际的光学识别系统中对根据该公式计算的缩放比例进行了验证。实验结果表明,在该缩放比例下,相关峰的质量有较大改善,这说明此时输入图像的频谱与匹配滤波器对应频率成份实现了较好地对准。     

Karhunen Loeve变换用于光学相关识别旋转目标研究

提出利用Karhunen Loeve变换（K-L变换）识别旋转畸变目标的方法.利用K-L变换法对不同旋转目标进行处理得到不同特征值,取前两个最大的特征值所对应的特征向量分别进行滤波器编码,把得到的匹配滤波器分别加载到VLC相关器上进行光路识别.针对两个滤波器产生的相关峰值曲线波动性较大的缺点,采用线性叠加法进行改进.实验结果表明,该方法使峰值的波动性得到降低.     

高温度稳定性声表面波信道化滤波器组研制

本文报道了作者研制的频率范围分别为200—350MHZ和350一500MHZ的两种15信道声表面波滤波器组的结果。为了克服现有技术温度稳定性较差的缺点，基片材料采用Yll2°LiTaO3，温度稳定性比现有技术提高3．5—5倍。每个滤波器中的两个叉指换能器一个采用特殊抽样的单指换能器，另一个采用三次谐波工作的分裂指换能器，从而避免了采用基频工作的分裂指换能器所需的0．8μm。工艺。输入匹配网络采用改进的串并联匹配网络，降低了输人匹配网络的插人损耗，补偿了因采用Yll2°LITaO3，单个滤波器插损较大的缺陷，使滤波器组总的插入损耗与现有采用YZ或Y128°LiNbO3的滤波器组相当。     

相同参考光非相关多重近配空间滤波器的研究

本文分析和验证了在制备匹配空间滤波器过程中采用两个权因子偏置曝光量E_B和特征频带f~*(n)控制其输出的自相关峰值强度和相对判别能力的方法.进而将其推广到制备相同参考光非相关叠加多重匹配空间滤波器的过程中,给出了总曝光时间最佳范围的估算式及总曝光时间对于自相关强度的实验曲线;在不同的f~*(n)条件下自相关强度和相对判别能力分别关于重叠个数N的实验曲线.     

时变信道相干部分的修正匹配

由于水声信道的随机时变及多途特性,使得以发射信号作参考的匹配滤波器检测性能的下降。本文提出当多途结构具有相对稳定部分时,可采用以下两种信道匹配方法:(1)脉间相关信道匹配法(参见[4]);(2)解卷求信道响应法,后一方法要求发射宽带短脉冲,用解卷求出的信道响应h(τ,ι)去修正欲发射的其它声呐信号,并把它当作匹配滤波器的响应函数,以提高匹配滤波器对时变信道的适配能力。本文前一部分对各种设定的信道模型,给出了修正匹配的计算机模拟结果;后一部分给出了经4浬和24浬海洋信道传输的数据的修正匹配,并给出了以上两部分修正前后的计算机结果比较。对大信噪比,修正匹配的效果是十分显著的。     

非约束纯相位空间匹配滤波器设计研究

根据非约束相关匹配滤波器和纯相位匹配滤波器的概念,分析了非约束纯相位匹配滤波器的特性及其在光学相关识别中的应用,并与其他典型纯相位匹配滤波器进行了比较.模拟和实验结果表明,非约束纯相位匹配滤波器具有畸变容限大、相关峰高、算法简单的特点.用于光学相关识别是一种实用的空间匹配滤波器算法.     

纯位相信息自聚焦计算全息匹配滤波器

本文介绍一种用计算全息方法制作的纯位相信息自聚焦匹配滤波器。它在编码时取滤波函数的振幅为１,仅对位相进行编码;并通过对傅里叶谱加入二次位相因子代替傅里叶透镜,使其具有自聚焦功能。与常规的方法（光学全息法或计算全息法）所获得的匹配滤波器相比较,具有原理上更合理,滤波器的制作和匹配光路更简单,也更容易实现匹配等特点。所得到的匹配实验结果也很清晰,这与理论是完全符合的。     

用于畸变目标相关识别的匹配滤波器设计

针对尺度缩放和角度旋转变化目标相关识别率低的问题,采用优化折中综合鉴别函数方法设计了具有较大畸变容限的匹配滤波器。在匹配滤波器设计时,通过调整相关输出噪声、训练样本平均功率谱密度和训练样本相似度对训练样本平均值的贡献,得到具有带通性质的匹配滤波器。利用单个匹配滤波器对角度旋转0°～30°、尺度变化0～20%的目标进行了相关识别仿真实验。结果表明：这种匹配滤波器相关输出峰尖锐、鉴别力强、畸变容限大,可用于畸变目标的光学相关识别。     

目标图像长宽比对Vander Lugt相关器特性的影响

分析了使用VLC进行光学相关识别时目标图像长宽比的变化对匹配滤波器畸变容限和输出相关峰值的影响。利用非约束纯相位匹配滤波器算法和迂回相位编码方法设计匹配滤波器,对具有确定面积和透过率而长宽比不同的矩形目标进行光学相关识别。模拟和实验结果表明：随着目标图像长宽比增加,匹配滤波器畸变容限减小,相关峰值降低。VLC更容易识别长宽比趋近1的目标图像。     

基于光学子波变换的SDF匹配滤波器

提出了一种基于光学子波变换的综合判别函数匹配滤波器(WFSDF),将光学子波变换和综合判别函数相结合,只用一个简单的4f系统就能实现输入图像和SDF子波变换的相关运算。采用计算全息的方法制作复数匹配滤波器。计算机模拟仿真结果表明,与传统的SDF匹配滤波器相比,WFSDF匹配滤波器,锐化了相关峰,提高了识别率,同时简化了光路,能够实现多目标的畸不变识别。     

四通道自成像计算全息

描述了一种新型的计算全息，它在双通道计算全息基础上通过对物谱加正的或负的二次位相因子，能一次对四个不同的物进行编码，现现时在四个不同的方向上分别产生它的像，并具有自成像的特性。文中给出了实验结果。     

Experimental implementation of an all-optical OFDM system based on time lens

A real time all-optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) system based on two time lenses is experimentally demonstrated. At the transmitter, groups of initial optical pulses are transformed into OOFDM symbols by a continuous inverse Fourier transform (IFT) device, which consists of the first a quadratic phase modulator and two high dispersive elements. After transmission, a continuous Fourier transform (FT) device, consisting of another quadratic phase modulator and two high dispersive elements, rebuilds the initial optical pulses at the receiver. The electrical sinusoidal waveform employed in the FT module at the receiver is obtained directly from the transmitter with certain phase shift. In the system, the guard interval is necessary for each OOFDM symbol to ensure the initial pulses are operated FT/IFT under a parabolic waveform driving and to have more Fourier transformation time window. Experiment results show that 8 × 2.5 Gb/s signals successfully transmit through 200-km-G.655 fibers without any dispersion compensation, with the BER being 10^? 12.     

基于不对称非标准傅里叶变换的光学图像加密

针对以往光学图像加密系统中输入面和频谱面对称性的缺点，在不增加系统元件的基础上，利用球面波照射不对称非标准傅里叶变换系统进行图像加密。通过把相位掩模置于该系统的傅里叶变换平面，利用不对称非标准傅里叶变换系统的输入面和频谱面的不对称性以及频谱面对于点光源相关参数的依赖性，克服了以前光学加密系统中输入面和频谱面的对称性所带来的安全隐患，并且获得了除相位掩模以外的另外四重密匙。理论分析和模拟实验表明：该方法不仅可行，而且多增加了几重密匙，增强了系统的安全性能。     

Optical encryption by double-random phase encoding in the fractional Fourier domain

We propose an optical architecture that encodes a primary image to stationary white noise by using two statistically independent random phase codes. The encoding is done in the fractional Fourier domain. The optical distribution in any two planes of a quadratic phase system (QPS) are related by fractional Fourier transform of the appropriately scaled distribution in the two input planes. Thus a QPS offers a continuum of planes in which encoding can be done. The six parameters that characterize the QPS in addition to the random phase codes form the key to the encrypted image. The proposed method has an enhanced security value compared with earlier methods. Experimental results in support of the proposed idea are presented.     

一维和二维傅里叶谱相位测量

我们利用正交偏振方法将傅里叶谱的实部和虚部分开,从而测定了一维和二维傅里叶谱的相位。文中报道了位移狭缝和位移方孔傅里叶谱相位的测量结果,它们与用位移量计算出的相位值符合很好,因此证实了该方法的可靠性。在此基础上我们还考察了其它二维二进制图形傅里叶谱的实部和虚部。     

Infrared small target enhancement via phase spectrum of Quaternion Fourier Transform

Small target enhancement is one of the crucial stages in infrared small target detection. In this paper, we propose a new method using phase spectrum of Quaternion Fourier Transform to enhance small targets while suppressing backgrounds for infrared images. This is inspired by the property that regularly Gaussian-like shape small targets could be considered as attractively salient signal in infrared images and the location information of such signal is implicitly contained in the phase spectrum from frequency domain. Formally, in the proposed method, we adopt the phase spectrum of Quaternion Fourier Transform instead of using traditional Fourier Transform to enhance the targets since the quaternion provides at most four data channels than only one for the latter, which could be helpful to broad types of background clutters by adding more information. For the construction of the quaternion, we present a second-order directional derivative filter via facet model to compute four second order directional derivative maps from four directions respectively as the four data channels. This filter is used to suppress noises and distinguish the targets and backgrounds into separably different textures so that it would boost the robustness of small target enhancement. In experiments, some typical infrared images with various scenes are tested to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that our method actually has good performance and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods, which can be further used for infrared small target detection and tracking.     

Improved composite Fourier transform profilometry

An improved composite Fourier transform profilometry (ICFTP) is proposed through optimizing the composite grating. Compared with the composite Fourier transform profilometry (CFTP), the frequencies of the two sinusoidal images modulated along the orthogonal direction in the optimized composite grating are not equal. The overlapping degree of Fourier spectrum of the optimized grating is lowered. The measuring accuracy is improved because two frequencies are used to calculate phase more accurately. By using a more advantageous flat image extracted ingeniously from the optimized grating, the zero component of the lower frequency sinusoidal image in the Fourier spectrum can be eliminated. So the measuring range is extended the same as that by the π phase shifting technique. Both numerical simulation and experiment demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.     

Cantori spectra for the sawtooth map

Summary We calculate analytically the Fourier spectrum for the cantori of the sawtooth maps. These maps are a one-parameter family of chaotic area-preserving maps. We show that the Fourier spectrum grows exponentially for parameters close to criticality, and that it exhibits self-similarity structure at all length scales. The self-similarity scales as the quotients of successive denominators of the convergents of irrational numbers. We compute exactly the scaling for quadratic irrationals. The behaviour of the spectrum for large values of the perturbation parameter is also investigated. The author of this paper has agreed to not receive the proofs for correction.