长链非编码RNA在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变的应用展望

冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变(CTO)已成为冠心病介入治疗中的热点之一.寻找敏感并特异的外周血生物标志物,用于高危CTO人群的早期筛查,将有助于该疾病的预测和治疗.近年来研究表明,长链非编码RNA被认为是心血管危险因素和细胞功能的重要调节因子,因此其可能是CTO诊断和预后评估的重要指标之一.本文旨在对长链非编码RNA与CT...     

长链非编码RNA在血管生成中的研究进展

生理性的血管生成对于组织修复、机体平衡具有重要的作用,但异常的血管生成可诱发多种疾病,如癌症、缺血性心脏病、中风等。调节血管的生成对于诸多疾病的治疗具有重要意义,抗血管生成疗法已在某些疾病中显示了治疗意义,但促血管生成疗法仍然是一个难题。近年来,大量研究显示长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)在血管生成中扮演着重要的角色,通过调节异常的lncRNA,可以抑制或促进血管生成,这为治疗异常血管生成的相关疾病开辟了新的领域。     

长链非编码RNA在心血管疾病中的最新研究进展

心血管疾病在中国的患病率不断上升。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）可以通过多种途径调控生物学进程,在心血管疾病的发生、发展过程中起着关键作用,对心血管疾病患者的生存预后有潜在影响。因此,本文就lncRNA在心血管疾病中的最新研究进展进行阐述,为今后心血管疾病的防治提供理论依据。     

长链非编码RNA在心房颤动发生中的作用机制

近年来,众多学者对长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)在心房颤动发生发展中的作用及其机制进行了广泛的研究.研究发现L ncRNA通过对关键通路及核心蛋白的调控在电重构、结构重构、自主神经系统等多个层面发挥重要作用,与心房颤动的发生及发展密切相关,为未来心房颤动的诊断及治疗提供了新的思路.     

长链非编码RNA在动脉粥样硬化中的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化(As)是一种复杂的慢性疾病,其特征在于血管壁中的脂质沉积,涉及到主要功能细胞,包括平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞和免疫细胞的炎性和增殖性级联反应。目前,As机制的认知以及动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的治疗有了实质性的改善,但疾病死亡率以及经济负担仍然很高。长链非编码基因(lncRNA)是一种不具有编码蛋白质功能的转录产物,广泛参与细胞发育、增殖、分化、凋亡等生物学功能的调节。在肿瘤、神经系统疾病等研究领域,已被作为重要的生物标记物以及治疗靶点被广泛研究。同时,大量证据表明在As的调节通路中lncRNAs同样发挥着重要的作用,不仅更全面地阐述了As发生发展机制,也为开发新型诊断标记物和治疗方法提供了新的方向。     

长链非编码RNA:HOTAIR在骨关节炎中的作用

长链非编码RNA调节着几乎所有的生物进程,在细胞分化、凋亡中起着重要作用,是医学界的研究热点。HOTAIR作为一种可以动员转录共同抑制因子的长链非编码RNA,对于抑制某些基因表达,影响细胞分化、凋亡起到重要作用。目前,HOTAIR在骨关节炎中的研究较少,且主要以软骨细胞为主。本研究检索HOTAIR在骨关节炎的研究文献,总结归纳HOTAIR在骨关节炎研究中可涉及的指标。同时,提出了今后可进行研究的方向,为HOTAIR在骨关节炎的机制研究提供一定参考依据。     

长链非编码RNA:HOTAIR在骨关节炎中的作用

长链非编码RNA调节着几乎所有的生物进程,在细胞分化、凋亡中起着重要作用,是医学界的研究热点.HOTAIR作为一种可以动员转录共同抑制因子的长链非编码RNA,对于抑制某些基因表达,影响细胞分化、凋亡起到重要作用.目前,HOTAIR在骨关节炎中的研究较少,且主要以软骨细胞为主.本研究检索HOTAIR在骨关节炎的研究文献,总结归纳HOTAIR在骨关节炎研究中可涉及的指标.同时,提出了今后可进行研究的方向,为HOTAIR在骨关节炎的机制研究提供一定参考依据.     

长链非编码RNA与糖尿病

长链非编码RNA在生命活动中具有重要的调节功能,其表达紊乱与多种人类疾病密切相关.LncRNA通过信号模式、诱饵模式、指引模式及支架模式等发挥调控基因表达的作用.近年来,研究证实一些lncRNA,如ANRIL、PVT1、HI-LNC25、H19和Aim、MIAT、MEG3、Hymai等足参与糖尿病发生、发展的重要调控分子,这些lncRNA将成为新的诊断标志物及治疗靶点.     

非编码RNA在血管钙化中的调控作用

血管钙化的特征是羟基磷灰石晶体的沉积,已被认为是心血管疾病的独立危险因素。研究表明,非编码RNA与血管钙化关系密切。这些RNA类型包括微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和环状RNA。现总结几种非编码RNA在血管钙化中的调控作用。     

长链非编码RNA在胃肠道疾病中的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)是一类转录本长度超过200个核苷酸,具有调控基因表达但不表现任何蛋白质编码潜能的非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA),在总ncRNA中占有相当大的比例,目前已成为继microRNA之后又一研究的新热点。lncRNA广泛参与机体几乎所有的生理和病理过程,尤其通过表观遗传调控等方式参与并影响肿瘤细胞的生长、凋亡、浸润与转移等过程,它在肿瘤诊断和治疗方面已显示出良好的临床应用前景,有望成为新型肿瘤标志物和肿瘤治疗的新靶点。本文就lncRNA在胃肠道常见疾病中的研究进展作一概述。     

Long noncoding RNAs in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To study the expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: The lncRNA profiles between HBV-related HCC tissues and corresponding normal liver tissues were generated using microarray analysis. Datasets were analyzed using multiple algorithms to depict alterations in gene expression on the basis of gene ontology (GO), pathway analysis, and lncRNA levels.RESULTS: The microarray revealed that 1772 lncRNAs and 2508 mRNAs were differently expressed. The pathway analysis demonstrated that the cell cycle, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway may play important roles in HCC. Several GO terms, such as cell cycle, DNA replication, immune response, and signal transduction, were enriched in gene lists, suggesting a potential correlation with HBV-related HCC. The upregulated large intergenic noncoding RNA ULK4P2 was physically combined with enhancer of zeste homolog 2. Therefore, the lncRNAs may participate in regulating HBV-related HCC.CONCLUSION: lncRNAs play important roles in HCC, future studies should verify whether large intergenic noncoding ULK4P2 functions by combining with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in HCC.     

Long noncoding RNAs during normal and malignant hematopoiesis

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized to contribute to cellular development via diverse mechanisms during both health and disease. Here, we highlight recent progress on the study of lncRNAs that function in the development of blood cells. We emphasize lncRNAs that regulate blood cell fates through epigenetic control of gene expression, an emerging theme among functional lncRNAs. Many of these noncoding genes and their targets become dysregulated during malignant hematopoiesis, directly implicating lncRNAs in blood cancers such as leukemia. In a few cases, dysregulation of an lncRNA alone leads to malignant hematopoiesis in a mouse model. Thus, lncRNAs may be not only useful as markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers of the blood, but also as potential targets for novel therapies.     

Long noncoding RNAs in hepatitis B virus replication and oncogenesis

Several diverse long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to be involved in hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and oncogenesis, especially those dysregulated in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most of these dysregulated lncRNAs are modulated by the HBV X protein. The regulatory mechanisms of some lncRNAs in HBV replication and oncogenesis have been characterized. Genetic polymorphisms of several lncRNAs affecting HBV replication or oncogenesis have also been studied. The prognosis of HCC remains poor. It is important to identify novel tumor markers for early diagnosis and find more therapeutic targets for effective treatments of HCC. Some dysregulated lncRNAs in HBV-related HCC may become biomarkers for early diagnosis and/or the therapeutic targets of HCC. This mini-review summarizes these findings briefly, focusing on recent developments.     

Long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Novel insights into their mechanism

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the predominant subject of liver malignancies which arouse global concern. Advanced studies have found that long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs) are differentially expressed in HCC and implicate they may play distinct roles in the pathogenesis and metastasis of HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this review, we summarized the functions and mechanisms of those known aberrantly expressed lncR NAs identified in human HCC tissues. We hope to enlighten more comprehensive researches on the detailed mechanisms of lncR NAs and their application in clinic, such as being used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and the targets for potential therapy. Although studies on lncR NAs in HCC are still deficient, an improved understanding of the roles played by lncR NAs in HCC will lead to a much more effective utilization of those lnc RNAs as novel candidates in early detection, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of HCC.     

The confluent balloon technique for retrograde therapy of chronic total occlusion

Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTO) remain one of the most challenging lesions in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Retrograde approach is an advanced PCI technique and can improve success rate in CTO intervention. Although success rate of this technique is high in experienced hands, there are still limitations in this approach, e.g., failure of wire to cross lesions. We report an easy and reliable new method of wire crossing in CTO lesions. In this technique, when both the antegrade and retrograde wires are in the subintimal space, balloons catheters are delivered in both directions to the site of the CTO. The balloons are then inflated simultaneously to create a common subintimal space (the confluent of subintimal space) which will allow crossing of wire to true lumen, either antegradely or retrogradely. This technique may improve the success rate of wire crossing and successful CTO intervention. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

女性冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞性病变的临床特点及PCI疗效

目的分析女性冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞性病变（CTO）的临床特点以及冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的疗效。方法将2005年1月12月CTO的连续病例,按性别分为男性和女性两组,比较两组患者一般资料、冠脉造影资料、PCI成功率以及院内并发症。结果与男性相比,女性患者年龄大[（69±7）岁vs（59±11）岁,P<0.01],住院时间长[（11±5）dvs（8±3）d,P<0.01],糖尿病,高血脂以及高血压发生率比男性多（42%vs29%,51%vs42%,54%vs41%,均P<0.05）,心功能不全明显高于男性（31%vs11%,P<0.01）,且CTO闭塞时间超过12个月比例明显高于男性（57%vs39%,P<0.01）。典型心绞痛表现较男性少（58%vs76%,P<0.01）,男性患者多有吸烟史和饮酒史（15%vs47%,18.1%vs32%,均P<0.05）。女性患者多支病变、病变残端刀切状,闭塞端≥15 mm,病变近端及病变处钙化比例均高于男性组（42%vs20%,42%vs29%,19%vs10%,均P<0.05）。女性CTO患者行PCI术成功率低于男性组（83%vs92%,P<0.01）。女性组CTO患者术后1年无主要心脑血管事件生存率（MACCE）低于男性组（P<0.05）。结论女性CTO患者人群年龄偏大,易感因素多,病变特征比较复杂,手术成功率低,预后差。