染料敏化纳米晶MgO/TiO2薄膜太阳能电池

染料敏化TiO2薄膜太阳能电池被认为是硅基太阳能电池的潜在替代产品,但其光电转化效率较低.为了提高光电转化效率,采用物理吸附的方法,利用宽禁带半导体MgO对TiO2光阳极进行表面修饰.研究表明:大部分MgO进入到TiO2的表面结构中,复合薄膜形成的表面势垒改变了TiO2的禁带结构,有效的抑制了电池内部复合反应的进行,使电池的光电转化效率提高.MgO与TiO2之间的界面效应,增加了光在薄膜内的传输路径,使电池吸光度、染料吸附量增加.其中光电转化效率同未经修饰的染料敏化TiO2薄膜太阳能电池相比,提高了24.5%.     

四氯化钛处理对染料敏化太阳能电池性能的影响及光电致变色器件的构建

通过将不同浓度的四氯化钛溶液水解,在二氧化钛多孔膜上形成致密的阻挡层薄膜,抑制光生电子与电解液中I_3~-的复合,提高了染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率;将优化后的太阳能电池经外电路与基于普鲁士蓝的电致变色器件连接,构建光电致变色器件。结果表明,经0.1 mol/L四氯化钛溶液处理的二氧化钛光阳极的太阳能电池的光电转换效率为4.42%。将该条件下的太阳能电池构建于光电致变色器件中,太阳能电池产生的电压可驱动电致变色器件变色,变色前后器件在700 nm波长处的透过率调制幅度可达52.77%。     

纳米TiO2染料敏化太阳电池的电极修饰和光电复合研究(英文)

染料敏化太阳电池由于其较高的光电转换效率和低成本等因素正越来越受到人们的重视,当前其技术发展最为核心的问题是如何减少暗电流、进一步提高其光电转换效率.本工作对染料敏化太阳电池的光阳极进行了不同方法的TiCl4修饰处理,测量了各种不同修饰处理下的TiO2太阳电池的光电转换性能.通过248?nm波长的准分子脉冲激光辐照下的开路光电压Uoc随时间的衰减变化关系,研究了单色脉冲激光下的染料敏化TiO2太阳电池的光电子复合效应,从中明确了TiCl4修饰对染料敏化TiO2太阳电池暗电流的调制所起的重要作用.     

SrO包覆TiO2光阳极的制备及性能

采用浸泡包覆的方法在染料敏化太阳电池的TiO2光阳极表面包覆了一薄层SrO,对TiO2光阳极和TiO2光阳极在饱和SrCl2溶液中浸泡不同时间得到的TiO2/SrO复合光阳极的紫外可见光谱进行了表征,并对SrO包覆TiO2光阳极制备的染料敏化太阳电池的光电转化率、单色光转化效率进行了测试。研究表明,包覆不同厚度的SrO后,在380nm左右出现红移现象,拓宽了可见光区吸收范围;在浸泡时间为20min时制备的具有TiO2/SrO核壳结构的光阳极具有高的转化效率,比同条件下制备的纯TiO2光阳极染料敏化电池的转化率提高了22.3%,单色光转化率提高了16%。     

TiO_2纳米线/纳米粒复合光阳极的制备及其光电性能

以P25TiO2为原料,采用水热法制备了TiO2纳米线/纳米粒(TNW/NP),用XRD和SEM对所制备样品的结构和形貌进行表征。探讨了不同水热反应时间对所制备的样品光阳极组装染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)光电性能的影响。结果表明,水热反应时间为16h时,获得了TNW/NP共存的复合样品,其染料吸附量大,电子传输阻抗小,电子和空穴分离效率高;基于TNW/NP光阳极的DSSC光电性能最好,开路电压为0.75V,短路电流密度为6.22mA/cm2,填充因子为0.59,光电转换效率为2.75%。     

染料修饰掺杂纳米晶TiO2薄膜的光电转换性能

用溶胶－凝胶法制备了掺杂锌离子的纳米晶TiO2薄膜，并用4，4′－二羧酸联吡啶钌对其敏化。实验结果表明，通过羧酸基与纳米晶TiO2薄膜电极发生强相互作用，实现了染料激发态向纳米晶TiO2薄膜电极导带高效注入电子，从而使宽禁带半导体的光电转换效率得到提高。     

Ce~(3+)/Y~(3+)双掺杂TiO_2薄膜的制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土铈和钇双掺杂的二氧化钛发光薄膜,涂覆在染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极上,形成阻挡层。利用荧光光谱仪及X射线衍射仪对铈、钇双掺杂的二氧化钛粉体进行表征。荧光光谱显示,铈、钇双掺杂的二氧化钛粉体在受到471nm波长光照射时可发射出波长642nm的可见光。光电流-光电压曲线表明,当铈钇总掺量为3%、二者摩尔比为8∶2时,电池电流密度有所提高,光电转换效率从2.94%提高到3.66%。研究了稀土铈、钇之间的能量传递过程及其对染料敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率的影响,结果表明,稀土铈、钇能够拓宽光阳极的光谱吸收范围,提高电池的光电性能。     

金纳米颗粒对染料敏化太阳能电池性能的优化

采用球磨法制备一系列掺杂有不同含量立方形金纳米颗粒的复合光阳极薄膜,并组装成染料敏化太阳能电池,研究立方形金纳米颗粒对光阳极薄膜以及染料敏化太阳能电池性能的影响。研究表明,当掺入立方形金纳米颗粒的质量分数为0.8%时,太阳能电池呈现出最优性能,其短路电流密度为15.32mA/cm~2,光电转换效率为6.708%,相比基于纯TiO_2光阳极分别提高14.47%和12%。太阳能电池性能的显著提高主要归因于立方形金纳米颗粒独特的局域表面等离子体共振效应,其能有效改善染料分子的光吸收性能,进而提高电池的光电转换效率。     

石墨烯/TiO_2纳米棒复合光阳极薄膜

本文基于TiO_2纳米棒具有较大的比表面积和定向传输电子的能力,可降低光生电子和空穴的复合几率,进而提高DSSC的光电转换效率。由于石墨烯超低的电阻率,良好的稳定性以及优异的透光性能,期望在光阳极薄膜中引入石墨烯,提高电子传输能力。利用水热法合成长度为200~300 nm,直径为20 nm左右TiO_2纳米棒。TiO_2纳米棒与不同石墨烯质量含量复合,利用电流体动力学技术制备了呈多孔状态的石墨烯/TiO_2纳米棒复合薄膜。其中石墨烯的质量分数为3%的光阳极薄膜的DSSC的光电转换效率达4.23%,相对于无石墨烯掺杂的TiO_2纳米棒光阳极薄膜提高了36%。     

共吸附剂对染料敏化太阳能电池光伏性能的影响

利用市售联吡啶钌染料TG6为敏化剂制备染料敏化太阳能电池,引入鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)为共吸附剂优化电池的光伏性能。实验结果表明,当TG6浓度为0.3 mmol/L,共吸附剂CDCA浓度为10 mmol/L时,以TG6敏化的太阳能电池的光电转换效率为4.64%,比未优化的同类电池提高了23%。电化学阻抗分析表明CDCA的引入,使染料/二氧化钛/电解液界面的回传电阻提升了近50%,有效提升了光生电子寿命,实现了抑制光生电子复合的目的。     

Bactericidal and Photocatalytie Activity of Fe^3＋-TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by the Sol-gel Method

Pure TiO2 thin films and iron doped TiO2 thin films on glass substrate were prepared by sol-gel method, and characterized by X-ray diffractometer （XRD）, thermo-gravimetric analysis （TG-DSC）, high resolution transmission electron microscope （HRTEM）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. The experimental results show that the pure TiO2 thin films and iron doped TiO2 thin films can destroy most of the escherichia coli and bacillus subtillis under the irradiation of 365 nm UV-light. However, the iron doped TiO2 thin film is a better photocatalyst than pure TiO2 thin film. The ultrastructural studies provide direct evidences for understanding the bactericidal mechanism of the TiO2 photocatalyst.     

Selective Anti-Hepatoma Treated with Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles in vitro

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｏｍｅｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｎａｎｏｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｅｘｈｉｂｉｔａｎａｎｏｂｉｏｌｏｇｉ ｃａｌｅｆｆｅｃｔ[1,2 ] ,ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ ,ｗｉｔｈｉｎａｃｅｒｔａｉｎｓｉｚｅ ,ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｃａｎａｆｆｅｃｔｃａｎｃｅｒｃｅｌｌ’ｓｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｓｕｃｈａｓｇｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ[3] .Ｓｏｆａｒ ,ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＴｉＯ2ｎａｎｏｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｏｎｈｅｐａｔｏｍａｃｅｌｌｓｈａｓｎｏｔｂｅｅｎｒｅｐｏｒ…     

Hydrothermal synthesis and dielectric properties of lanthanum titanate ceramics

Lanthanum titanate (La2/3 TiO3) powders were synthesized by hydrothermal method based on the reaction of TiO2, La(NOa)a and KOH at 160℃ for 24 h followed by the treatment of acidification. The microstructure,morphology and dielectric properties were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope and impedance method. The results show that the La2/a TiOa particles consist of nearly homogenous and lamellar grains. The particles can be sintered into porous ceramics above 1 150℃. The dielectric properties of La2/3 TiO3 show that both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent decrease with the increase of frequency.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre

In order to realize the photocatalysis of TiO2 in the sunlight and directly apply it to waste water treatment, the Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre was synthesized using two-step synthesis method as follows： Firstly, potassium carbonate, titanium dioxide and proper gadolinium oxide （dopant） were calcined in the muffle at high temperature and the doped gadolinium K2Ti4O9 fibres were obtained; secondly, the fibre was heated using glycerol as solvent until Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibres were obtained. The synthesized samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre heat-treated by glycerol solvent can inhibit the agglomeration, so the grain diameter of the fibre is smaller than that without heat-treated with glycerol. Meanwhile, the diameter of the fibre decreases with the increase of the heating temperature and time. 97%- 98% of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre is anatase. The photocatalysis results showed that the photocatalysis activity of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre is just a little lower than that of TiO2 powder.     

Characterization of Calcined Kaolin/TiO_2 Composite Particle Material Prepared by Mechano-Chemical Method

Calcined kaolin/TiO2 composite particle material (CK/TCPM) was prepared with TiO2 coating on the surfaces of calcined kaolin particles by the mechano-chemical method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the microstructures and morphologies, respectively. The mechanism of the mechano-chemical reaction between calcined kaolin and TiO2 was studied by infrared spectra (IR). The results show that TiO2 coats evenly on the surfaces of calcined kaolin particles by Si-O-Ti and Al-O-Ti bonds on their interfaces. The hiding power and whiteness of CK/TCPM are 17.12 g/m2 and 95.7%, respectively, presenting its similarity to TiO2 in pigment properties.     

锐钛矿型TiO2多孔薄膜的室温制备及其机理研究

为在低温条件下制备多孔性TiO2薄膜,采用具有锐钛矿晶粒的TiO2溶胶与苯丙乳液混合制得涂膜液,通过浸渍提拉法制备薄膜,利用甲苯选择性地将薄膜中的苯丙乳液粒子溶解去除,制备出锐钛矿型TiO2多孔薄膜.使用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)以及Zeta电位等分析测试方法对其制备机理进行了探讨.结果表明,TiO2溶胶与苯丙乳液混合后,陈化时间的延长有利于TiO2胶粒通过静电、氢键作用在苯丙乳液粒子表面形成吸附层,从而改变涂膜液的成膜性,形成较为密集、且均匀分布的岛状多孔结构,在此基础上经两次涂膜,即可获得具有致密孔洞的TiO2多孔薄膜     

Synthesis, characterization, and theoretical study of N, S-codoped nano-TiO2 with photocatalytic activities

Nitrogen and sulfur doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts were prepared by the sol-gel method.The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS).Photocatalytic activities of the samples were investigated on the degradation of methyl orange(MO).The effect of the dopants on the electronic structure of TiO2 was studied by the first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory(DFT).The orbital hybridization resulted in energy gap narrowing and electronic delocalization in the crystal of doped TiO2.Mobile electrons of varied energetic states could offer enhanced electron transfer,together with optical absorption improvement.The results show that the doping elements of N and S play a cooperative role in the modification of elecconic structure,which enhances the photocatalytic performance.The experimentally observed absorption edges of N-doped TiO2,S-doped TiO2,and N,S-codoped TiO2 are 420,413,and 429 nm,respectively,which can be explained by the theoretical calculation results.     

湿化学法制备ATO/TiO2导电复合粉体包覆机制的研究

采用湿化学共沉淀法,通过在TiO2颗粒表面包覆Sb掺杂SnO2（ATO）制备ATO/TiO2导电粉.运用TG-DSC、XRD、XPS、SEM、BET和电导率等手段对ATO/TiO2导电粉进行了表征.研究结果表明：锡锑混合物xSn（Sb）O2·yH2O以非晶态的形态靠范德华力与静电引力吸附在TiO2表面,煅烧过程中,xSn（Sb）O2·yH2O脱去结晶水吸附或鍵合在TiO2表面.随着TiO2颗粒表面包覆层ATO厚度逐渐增加,ATO/TiO2粉体的电导率逐渐增加.     

TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸异丙酯为前驱体,采用水热合成法制备了TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等对样品进行了详细的表征,并以罗丹明B作为模型污染物,研究了TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料作为光催化剂在紫外光照射下的光催化能力,结果表明TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料对环境污染物具有良好的降解能力。     

CH3 NH3 PbI3/TiO2 复合纳米线制备及表征

采用水热法合成了纯锐钛矿TiO_2纳米线,并以此为模板结合滴涂法制备了CH_3NH_3PbI_3/TiO_2异质结复合纳米线.首先通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等分析测试手段对样品的结构和形貌进行表征.然后利用拉曼光谱对样品的分子结构进行了研究.最后通过采集紫外一可见一近红外(UV—Vis—NIR)吸收光谱,对样品的的光谱响应性能进行了分析.结果表明:CH_3NH_3PbI_3与TiO_2纳米线复合形成了异质结结构,此复合物作为光催化剂不但可以解决传统TiO_2体系吸收可见光谱带窄的缺点,将光谱范围从紫外扩展到了近红外,还可以减少光生电子与空穴复合机率,有利于提高光催化活性.