浅谈笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的防治

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症又称笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症，该病是现代化蛋鸡生产中最严重的骨骼疾病。近年来在一些集约化蛋鸡场时有发生，并呈上升趋势。本文就笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的发病原因、临床症状、病理变化、饲料营养成分及血液钙、磷指标的变化进行了分析，指出了笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的防治措施。对笼养蛋鸡的管理有一定的指导意义。     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因及诊治

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因及诊治＠杨恒东￥江苏省家禽科学研究所笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因及诊治杨恒东（江苏省家禽科学研究所扬州２２５００３）笼养蛋鸡疲劳症（ＣａｇｅｄＬａｙｅｒＦａｔｉｇｕｅｓｉｓ）又称“笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症（ＣａｇｅｄＬａｙｅｒＯｓｔｅｏｐｏｒｏｓｉｓ...     

笼养蛋鸡的多发病及其防治

1笼养蛋鸡疲劳症 笼养蛋鸡疲劳症又称笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症,是笼养蛋鸡骨骼疾病中最严重的一种。它主要引起产蛋鸡的瘫痪、死亡及产蛋率下降。发病鸡大多数是进笼不久和处在产蛋高峰期的鸡。     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的发病原因及防治策略

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症是集约化蛋鸡生产中最严重的骨骼疾病之一。就笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的发病原因进行分析,并且提出有效的防治措施,旨在对笼养蛋鸡的饲养管理提供参考。     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因与防治

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症是由于笼养蛋鸡营养代谢障碍而引起的骨骼疾病。本病几乎在所有的笼养蛋鸡产蛋鸡群中都有不同程度的发病,尤其是在产蛋高峰期易发。本文阐述了笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因、临床症状以及病理变化,并提出防治措施。     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的防治措施

笔者通过对笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的病因进行研究,结合此症状的病理变化,来对笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的防治措施进行分析。     

维生素E缺乏诱发笼养蛋鸡疲劳症

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症又称蛋鸡骨软化病,是以维生素D和钙、磷代谢紊乱,造成蛋鸡骨骼变脆、变形,以及蛋壳形成过程紊乱为特征.维生素E缺乏可诱发笼养蛋鸡疲劳症.     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的发生与防治

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症又称笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症,是笼养产蛋鸡的一种全身性骨骼疾病。几乎发生在所有笼养产蛋鸡群中,产蛋期发病率为1%～10%。常发生于产蛋高峰期。1病因笼养蛋鸡疲劳症主要由于严重缺钙而引起。高产蛋鸡体重轻、采食量小、饲料利用率高和性成熟早,钙源无法满足蛋壳形成     

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症血液生化指标测定

笼养蛋鸡疲劳症血液生化指标测定李宏全，刘晋平（山西农业大学动物医学系，太谷０３０８０１）王新红，赵明珠（山西省晋中地区卫生学校，太谷０３０８００）笼养蛋鸡疲劳症（ＣａｇｅＬａｙｅｒＦａｌｉｇｕＥ）又称笼养蛋鸡瘫痪，是骨质疏松症（ＣａｇｅＬａｙｅｒＯｓ...     

笼养蛋鸡常见病及防治措施

<正>伴随着集约化养殖的深入,笼养蛋鸡成为越来越多养殖户的选择,下面我就常常困扰养殖户的三种笼养蛋鸡疾病和防治措施做一交流,使大家更好的能够防控好这些疾病,从而产生更为可观的经济效益。1笼养蛋鸡疲劳症笼养蛋鸡疲劳症是笼养鸡骨骼疾病中最严重的。它     

Effect of lipopolysaccharide on sickness behaviour in hens kept in cage and free range environments

The aim of this study was to assess whether environmental enrichment and environmental conditions can influence the expression of sickness behaviour. The behaviour in response to injection of lipopolysaccharide or saline was examined in a total of 96 62-weeks old hatchmate hens kept in a free range or cage environment. There were eight experimental treatments, each with 12 birds. Half the birds were sourced from a commercial cage layer unit (C/-) and half from a commercial free range unit (FR/-). After intraperitoneal injection with either lipopolysaccharide or saline (as a control), the hens were placed in either a cage (-/C) or free range (-/FR) environment. Lipopolysaccharide caused greater suppression of activity in free range (FR/FR) than in caged hens, including less walking (53% reduction), roosting (−86%) and preening (−60%) (p < 0.05). Those responses were not observed in caged birds released into free range, nor in free range birds introduced to cages, suggesting that both the presence of and the familiarity with an environment affected sickness behaviour patterns. Increased sleeping was the most consistent response (+147%; p < 0.001), and it was least influenced by environment. It was concluded that free range layer hens can express a greater range of sickness behaviours than caged hens, and this may make it more difficult to recognise disease expression in the caged environment.     

Stress parameters and immune response of layers under different cage floor and density conditions

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of cage floor and cage density on stress parameters of laying hens. A total of 162 brown laying hens (Hyline Brown), aged 34 weeks, were used in the experiment. Compact-type battery cages, with three floors, were used. Hens were allocated as one, three or five hens in each of 18 cages to obtain three different cage density groups of 1968, 656 and 393.8 cm² floor area per hen, respectively. The same number of cages with different cage density were allocated to three different battery floors (first floor=top, second=middle, third=bottom) systematically. Values for body weight, mortality rate, egg weight, egg production, egg quality characteristics, egg yolk cholesterol content, the levels of blood plasma corticosterone, serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides, the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes (H-L ratio), antibody titers, claw length score, foot health score, plumage score and throat skin injuries were taken as indicators of stress. The values for egg weight (P<0.01) at the first floor were greater than the other floor levels. The group with five hens per cage had significantly lower mean estimates (P<0.01) than other groups with respects to body weight (P<0.001), egg production (P<0.001), egg weight (P<0.001) and plumage score (P<0.01), while significantly higher mean estimates for egg albumen index (P<0.01), Haugh unit (P<0.01), serum glucose (P<0.001), and H-L ratio (P<0.001). Serum cholesterol was higher in cages with one hen than that with five hens, whereas plasma corticosterone was lower. Antibody titers in cages with one hen was similar to that with three or five hens; however, those with three hens had higher titers than those with five hens. Values for egg breaking strength, yolk index, egg cholesterol content, and foot health score were not affected by cage density or floor. The results suggest that the allocation of three hens per cage had no measurable effect on health and welfare.     

肉鸡笼养和平养效果比较试验

选择体况接近256只,健雏随机分成2组,分别采用笼养和养方式进行管理,其他条件不变,结果表明,笼养方式鸡56天时体重显著高于平养试鸡（P〈0．05）。     

Causes of sudden drop in egg production in New Zealand laying flocks

Ten cases of sudden drop in egg production were investigated. All outbreaks occurred between April and October. In 4 cases infectious bronchitis was diagnosed. One case each was attributed to infectious laryngotracheitis, avian monocytosis, fowl cholera, cage layer fatigue, and fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome. One case remained undiagnosed.

The results indicate that infectious bronchitis is likely to be the most important single disease responsible for the sudden drop in egg production syndrome but that a variety of other infectious and metabolic disease may also be implicated.     

笼养和平养肉鸡饲喂微生态制剂后的生长性能测定

通过添加微生态制剂饲喂凤翔肉鸡试验来观测其生长性能，结果成活率提高5％，每只鸡多收入3．10元。笼上饲养凤翔肉鸡，70日龄成活率为99．5％，均重2595g；平地饲养成活乎为94％，均重2150g。相差445g。     

Swimming Activity of Farm Mink (Mustela vison) and its Relation to Stereotypies

Eighty farm mink were used to investigate whether access to swimming water and:or difference in cage size led to a difference in the level of stereotypies. Half of the animals grew up with free access to swimming water, and the other half without. In addition, two different cage sizes were used. Over 2 weeks the animals were scanned a total of 141 times. Animals in small cages had a higher level of stereotypies and were more active than those in large cages. No difference between animals with swimming water and animals with an empty basin was detected. The level of activity was lowest in animals in large cages, although not significantly so when water was present. The results presented here do not offer any support for the claim that farm mink with access to swimming water have a lower level of stereotypies than mink with access to an empty basin. Whether swimming is a behavioural need in farm mink is still debatable.     

CAUSES OF DISEASE IN TWO COMMERCIAL FLOCKS OF LAYING HENS

Laboratory examination of all birds that were culled or died during an eight-month period in two commerical laying flocks was performed to reveal the causes of disease and their prevalence. The average weekly total of diseased birds was greater in one flock (60-69) than the other (27-37). This resulted mainly from a high incidence in the former flock of leucoses and sarcomas, although losses due to fatty liver syndrome, prolapse and cannibalism and cage layer fatigue were also marginally greater in this flock than the second. Haemangiomas occurred more frequently in the flock with the higher disease level. A total of 273 hens of the 2,000 examined from this flock had single or multiple haemangiomas. Special features of the major causes of disease were outlined and discussed. A conclusion made from this study was that histopathological examination is necessary for accurate diagnosis of avian tumours.     

笼养蛋鸭舍环境因子与鸭免疫机能及生产性能的研究

试验检测了春季蛋鸭笼养舍内环境因子分布和蛋鸭生理机能及生产性能变化,为蛋鸭阶梯式笼养模式提出改进建议。结果表明:(1)蛋鸭舍内气载有害菌和粉尘浓度随纵向通风进程持续升高,上层鸭笼大肠杆菌属细菌气溶胶浓度显著低于中层和下层(P<0.05)。平均光照强度自进风口到出风口分布均匀,但上层笼极显著高于下层(P<0.01);(2)上层蛋鸭平均产蛋率(69.37%)显著高于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);累计死淘率(0.11%)显著低于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);(3)上层鸭蛋哈氏单位为68.2,极显著高于下层鸭蛋(P<0.01);(4)上层蛋鸭血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、下丘脑GnRH基因表达水平均显著高于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);下丘脑CRH基因表达水平,脾脏IL-1β、IL-10和TNF-α基因表达水平显著低于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05)。以上结果显示,春季笼养蛋鸭舍内,不同空间位置环境因子分布不均匀,下层蛋鸭长期处于恶劣环境,增加了死亡率,降低了产蛋率和蛋品质。     

夏季层叠式笼养肉鸡舍环境参数变化及其相关性分析

为研究夏季大型立体笼养肉鸡舍养殖环境参数变化规律,确立大型肉鸡舍的最佳环境管理模式,选取山西省晋中地区单栋饲养量为41 280只的密闭式肉鸡舍一栋,进行温度、湿度、CO2浓度、O2含量、风速等环境参数的分点多次检测与统计分析。结果显示:不同笼列位置,温度前端和末端与其它位置差异显著(P<0.05),位置L2、L21和L40差异不显著,温差在0.8℃左右;各位置湿度差异不显著(P>0.05),CO2浓度前端、L2和末端与L21、L40差异显著(P<0.05),O2含量末端与其它位置差异显著(P<0.05),风速差异显著(P<0.05)。不同笼层,温度、湿度和O2含量差异不显著(P>0.05);CO2浓度上层和下层差异显著(P<0.05),随着笼层增高浓度逐渐降低;风速上层显著高于中层和下层(P<0.05),随着笼层增高呈递增趋势。研究表明:炎热夏季该模式鸡舍内随着风速加大(减少),可以增加(降低)舍温和舍内氧气含量,降低(升高)CO2浓度和相对湿度,舍内环境参数适宜肉鸡生长。