第三代移动通信系统TD-SCDMA的干扰测试

WCDMA、CDMA2000和TD-SCDMA是目前3G技术体系中的3个主要标准。从双工技术上讲,WCDMA和CDMA2000属于FDD模式,它们之间的干扰主要发生在基站和移动台之间,即基站对移动台接收的干扰和移动台     

TD-SCDMA和WCDMA系统基站的共容分析

主要探讨了WCDMA系统与TD-SCDMA系统基站间的共存问题,并从邻频干扰的角度进行了深入的分析,采用确定性计算方法和静态仿真方法研究TD—SCDMA基站对WCDMA基站产生的邻频干扰,并提出相应的解决方法。     

TD-SCDMA基站和WCDMA基站的共存分析

主要探讨了WCDMA系统与TD—SCDMA系统基站间的共存问题，并从邻频干扰的角度进行了深入的分析；采用确定性计算方法和静态仿真方法研究TD—SCDMA基站对WCDMA基站产生的邻频干扰，并分析了采用智能天线后带来的改善。     

FDDLTE与TD-LTE基站邻频杂散辐射的研究

随着LTE技术的初步商用,FDDLTE和TD-LTE基站邻频共存的情况很可能出现,这两种LTE基站间将会产生邻频干扰。基站发射机输出的信号通常为大功率信号,基站发射信号有可能会在有用频带之外产生较大的杂散辐射。杂散辐射对异系统的影响在这两种基站工作频段相邻时更为严重,本文正是基于这种场景对两种LTE基站之间邻频共存的杂...     

CDMA和WCDMA系统室外邻频干扰问题研究

分析了由于CDMA（码分多址）系统与WCDMA（宽带码分多址）系统频段上相邻所造成的系统性能影响，建立了一个采用接收机灵敏度指标作为系统性能恶化和干扰程度的衡量指标的系统间邻频干扰模型。在评估灵敏度与干扰之间的影响基础上，对系统共存所需的空间隔离度进行计算，并且在CDMA和WCDMA共站址的环境下进行验证，实验结果有效的验证了理论仿真模型。结果表明通过适当降低接收机灵敏度，在满足相关协议要求的情况下，能够有效的减少系统间干扰的影响，达到系统共站址和共存的目的。该模型也可以适用于其他2G通信系统与WCDMA系统共存的干扰分析。     

800MHz频段CDMA系统对900MHz频段GSM系统的杂散发射功率电平的限值的探讨

随着中国联通公司CDMA网络的开通使用，由此引发了不少关于CDMA系统对GSM系统的干扰。为此，信息产业部无线电管理局为防止CDMA系统基站和直放站的发射对GSM系统基站和直放站的接收产生有害干扰，在信部无（2002）65号文中规定了关于800MHz频段CDMA系统基站和直放机杂散发射限值及与900MHz频段GSM系统邻频共用设台要求，本文对该文件有关规定进行初步的探讨。     

WCDMA与TD-SCDMA系统共存时的干扰研究

一．WCDMA基站和TD-SCDMA基站频率干扰介绍 1．频率干扰原理分析 工作于不同频率的系统产生共存干扰是由于两个系统内发射机和接收机特性的不完善造成的。干扰系统的发射机的对外辐射表现为发射机的ACLR与杂散辐射特性，被干扰系统的接收机的被干扰表现为接收机的ACS与阻塞特性。这两个因素共同作用的结果可用ACIR来衡量，即干扰系统的发射信号对邻频共存被干扰系统接收机端的干扰可通过ACIR体现。     

WCDMA网基站选址及设计变更管理探讨

对于CDMA自干扰系统,WCDMA网络对基站选址有严格的要求。文章对内蒙古联通WCDMA基站选址的原则、要求以及基站选址的流程进行了详细的说明,确保基站选址的合理性以及设计变更管理的规范性。     

WCDMA与CDMA2000的物理层技术比较

WCDMA、CDMA2000和由中国提出的TD—SCDMA是目前TTU认可的三个主要的第三代移动通信系统（3G）标准。3G的目标是为了比第二代移动蜂窝系统（2G）提供更高比特速率和更好的频谱效率，以便提供能够更加广泛的数据业务。从双工方式上来看，WCDMA和CDMA2000属于FDD模式。由于这两种技术都是将CDMA技术用于蜂窝系统，其中的许多新思想都是源于现有的CDMA系统，因此两种系统之间就自然而然地有相似之处。另外，融合的过程也使得两种系统的RTT更加接近。本文中将从功能概念和物理层特征简要分析WC—DMA和CDMA2000的相似点和不同点，并且对两种系统的共存干扰情况和各自的部署前景做出分析。[第一段]     

WCDMA与其他移动通信系统基站间干扰分析

文章首先阐述了干扰产生的原因及其对系统性能的影响,针时WCDMA系统与二代和三代各移动通信系统(包括WCDMA、CDMA2000、TD-SCDMA、GSM、PHS等系统)室内分布共存时的干扰进行分析,通过发射机与接收机之间隔离度(耦合损耗)的计算,得出WCDMA与其他移动通信系统室内共存的可行性,最后提出有效预防干扰的措施。     

TD-HSUPA系统功率授权算法的仿真研究

TD-SCDMA系统通过HSUPA的引入,在上行方向上大幅地提高了数据速率。同以往的WCDMA和CD-MA2000一样,TD-HSUPA反向链路的干扰也将严重影响系统质量,但由于TD-HSUPA在上行方向上的数据信道为共享方式,且干扰控制上不能采用WCDMA中E—RGCH的方式,故对功率控制的有效性和准确性带来了挑战。分析TD-HSUPA的干扰特性,并通过系统级仿真对比几种不同功率授权算法下的系统性能。     

Receiver Design for Uplink Multiuser Code Division Multiple Access Communication System Based on Neural Network

In this paper, we consider the receiver design problem for the uplink multiuser code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system based on the neural network technique. The uplink multiuser CDMA communication system model is described in the form of space–time domain through antenna array and multipath fading expression. Novel suitable neural network technique is proposed as an effective signal processing method for the receiver of such an uplink multiuser CDMA system. By the appropriate choice of the channel state information for the neural network parameters, the neural network can collectively resolve the effects of both the inter-symbol interference due to the multipath fading channel and the multiple access interference in the receiver of the uplink multiuser CDMA communication system. The dynamics of the proposed neural network receiver for the uplink multiuser CDMA communication system is also studied.     

Adjacent channel interference in a macrocell/microcell WCDMA system

This paper studies the impacts of adjacent channel interference (ACI) on uplink capacity in a multi‐macrocell/multi‐microcell wideband code‐division multiple access (WCDMA) system. A method is presented for computing ACI and deriving capacity limitation. This method is based on an interference analysis that accounts for shadow fading, and random distribution of mobile users. The results indicate that both the base station (BS) separation and adjacent channel interference power ratio (ACIR) strongly affect system capacity reduction. The proposed method in this paper is useful for measuring the impacts of ACI on uplink capacity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3G主流标准小区用户最大容量研究

文章根据CDMA系统多用户干扰产生原理导出小区上下行链路用户速率为Rb时的最大用户数公式,据此公式可求出WCDMA、cdma2000和TD-SCDMA标准能提供的小区上下行链路最大用户数,接着导出小区上下行链路可以提供的最大速率Rbmax。文章结果证明只有采用TDMA方式的cdma20001xEV-DO或EDGE方式才能提供合理的高速无线接入Rb。     

多载波CDMA容量的研究

该文对多载波CDMA容量规划进行了详细的理论和数学分析,推导出多载波CDMA上下行链路的容量的表达式,利用拉格朗日乘数求极值的方法,分别得到多载波CDMA话音和数据业务上下行链路最大容量;同时得出一个非常重要的结论:只有当即基站最大发射功率平均分配给每个子载波时,多载波CDMA系统才能获得最大的容量。该文还对影响容量的因素进行了仿真,各业务的容量随平均路径损耗的增加急剧下降。由此揭示了容量和覆盖的内在关系:容量和覆盖是相互制约的一对矛盾,容量的增加就意味着覆盖的减小,反之亦然。无论上下行链路,当功率达到一定程度时,再通过增大功率来提高容量并不是行之有效的方法。最后,通过对GSM,WCDMA,多载波CDMA 3个系统容量的比较,得出多载波CDMA下行链路频谱效率为WCDMA频谱效率的1.7倍,GSM 的2.7倍;上行链路频谱效率为WCDMA频谱效率的2.1倍,GSM 的2.4倍的结论。     

Uplink relaying in hybrid wireless networks with out-of-cell interference reduction

The next generation broadband access networks must provide high speed bidirectional data channels and support more concurrent subscribers than ever before. While mega-bits-per-second data rates have been demonstrated for the downlink channels, progress on uplink has been slow. We propose a hybrid architecture for CDMA uplink that seamlessly integrates short-range radio and WCDMA interfaces in the same network. In our scheme, mobile stations (subscribers) can operate as Relaying Mobile Terminal (RMT) to relay uplink traffic for nearby mobile stations. Our analysis and simulations show that the deployment of RMTs significantly reduces the radio transmissions in the CDMA uplink. Moreover, the scheme results in a much lower out-of-cell interference to the neighboring network cells. The problem of finding the optimum RMT set turns out to be NP-hard. Several heuristics are evaluated in terms of RMT size and out-of-cell interference. In particular, we investigated a novel vertex cover based heuristic algorithm. Our method uses mobile pilot signals and mobile location to estimate a interference function for each node. This function is then used in selecting a maximum matching for the candidate RMT set. Simulation results are somewhat surprising: the simple greedy algorithm has very close performance to that of the optimum algorithm when only the RMT size is concerned. When out-of-cell interference is considered, the proposed algorithm outperforms both greedy and 2-approximation algorithm.     

Network Synchronization of an Orthogonal CDMA Satellite Communication System

This paper provides the network synchronization of an orthogonal CDMA geostationary satellite system for fixed service communications. It includes the synchronization procedures, the system architecture and the performance evaluation. The main objective is to provide network wide synchronization of all uplink orthogonal CDMA transmissions. This is achieved in steps; first by providing coarse synchronization using the uplink random access channel and then fine sync using innovative tracking control mechanisms. The uplink access channel receiver utilize a parallel/serial search method for rapid code acquisition, while the code tracking of the uplink orthogonal CDMA traffic channel is based on a delay feedback early-late gate in which the sych control resides in the receiver. The proposed system is designed to minimize the onboard complexity and satisfy the performance requirements. As shown in the performance section, the requirement that all uplink transmissions are synchronized to a reference time within 10% of the chip length can be achieved. In addition, the system analysis determines the design parameters values which optimize performance.     

Distributed timeslot allocation with crossed slots in CDMA‐TDD systems

Code division multiple access system with time division duplex (CDMA‐TDD) is a promising solution to cope with traffic asymmetry of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) in multimedia services. When a rate of asymmetry is different in each cell, CDMA‐TDD system may employ crossed slots, where a timeslot is used for different links in cells. However, it may suffer from base station (BS)‐to‐BS and mobile station (MS)‐to‐MS interference problem. Zone division scheme is an efficient way to tackle the crossed slot interference by dividing a cell into inner and outer zones and restricting communication in crossed slots only to inner zone. In this paper, we propose distributed crossed slot resource allocation with zone division in multi‐cell CDMA‐TDD system. Two conditions for crossed slot resource allocation are defined and the bound on the size of inner zone is analyzed mathematically based on the conditions. Relationship between the capacity of crossed slot and the size of inner zone is also analyzed. Then, numerical results of the mathematical analysis are presented; showing that the proposed crossed slot allocation is effective for traffic asymmetry problem. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multiuser detection for cooperative networks and performance analysis

We investigate strategies for user cooperation in the uplink of a synchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) network employing nonorthogonal spreading codes and analyze their performance. We consider two repetition-based relay schemes: decode-and-forward (DAF) and amplify-and-forward (AAF). Focusing on the use of linear multiuser detectors, we first present cooperation strategies, i.e., signal processing at both the relay nodes and the base station (BS), under the assumption of perfectly known channel conditions of all links; then, we consider the more practical scenario where relays and BS have only partial information about the system parameters, which requires blind multiuser detection methods. We provide performance analysis of the proposed detection strategies in terms of the (asymptotic) signal-to-(interference plus noise) ratio and the bit error rate, and we show that AAF achieves a full second-order diversity when a minimum mean-square-error detector is employed at both the relay side and the BS. A simple, yet effective, partner selection algorithm is also presented. Finally, a thorough performance assessment is undertaken to study the impact of the multiple-access interference on the proposed cooperative strategies under different scenarios and system assumptions.     

Cellular CDMA capacity with out-of-band multihop relaying

In this paper, we consider the capacity of cellular code division multiple access (CDMA) when there is out-of-band ad hoc traffic relaying. The mobile stations (MSs) are dual-mode, having both ad hoc and cellular CDMA radios. An active MS is free to choose any available relay station (RS) within its ad hoc radio coverage area for dual-hop communication with the CDMA base station (BS). Communications between the RSs and the MSs use bandwidth which is available to the ad hoc radio and does not consume the CDMA capacity. Using this mechanism, CDIVIA interference can be reduced by dynamically selecting RSs which have more favorable CDMA link characteristics. Several relay station selection criteria are considered, namely, ad hoc relaying with low relative interference (ARRI), with best link gain (ARLG), and with shortest distance (ARSD). The relay station selection protocols are compatible with existing wireless local area network (WLAN) standards such as IEEE 802.11. An analytic model is used to compute the effects on uplink and downlink CDMA capacities when out-of-band relaying is added. The results show that very significant capacity improvements are possible by using these criteria compared with conventional CDMA with hard or soft handoff. Ad hoc relaying which dynamically tracks CDMA link quality can achieve greater capacity improvements than that using a distance-based relay station selection. Relaying, which considers both signal and interference conditions, achieves better capacity than that based on signal link quality alone.