基于自组织神经网络的军用车辆装备涂层腐蚀行为研究

为探究军用车辆有机涂层在全浸泡条件下的腐蚀行为特征,寻找评价涂层腐蚀防护性能的有效方法,通过对某型军绿有机涂层全浸泡条件下腐蚀行为电化学阻抗谱(EIS)特征的研究,提取并研究了低频阻抗模值Z0.1Hz、高频相位角θ10 k Hz和高频阻抗模值变化率k这3种特征参数的变化规律,并结合自组织神经网络(SOM)对涂层防护性能变化进行了辅助分析。特征参数变化规律与SOM分析结果均证明涂层在1 330 d浸泡过程中出现4个阶段的性能变化,反映了SOM神经网络辅助分析有机涂层浸泡性能的有效性。     

汽车内腔防腐涂层的加速老化性能评价

针对汽车内腔实际服役环境的特点,采用湿热试验、盐雾试验和电化学交流阻抗技术对涂层进行评价并建立老化动力学方程。在加速老化试验下,涂层湿热试验600 h内、盐雾试验达360 h内涂层完好。内腔涂层在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中25℃下失效老化可以分为老化初期,中期及后期3个阶段;老化初期（第0～2个周期）抗腐蚀性能完好,低频电化学阻抗|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁹Ω·cm²量级以上;中期（第4～6个周期）,|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁵～10⁸Ω·cm²量级,内部微孔增大增多,抗腐蚀性能明显衰减;后期（第8个周期）,表面出现局部鼓包,|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁵Ω·cm²量级及以下,涂层失效。据此建立老化动力学方程,可对内腔防腐涂层的服役寿命和防护性能进行预测和评估。     

汽车内腔防腐涂层的加速老化性能评价

针对汽车内腔实际服役环境的特点,采用湿热试验、盐雾试验和电化学交流阻抗技术对涂层进行评价并建立老化动力学方程。在加速老化试验下,涂层湿热试验600 h内、盐雾试验达360 h内涂层完好。内腔涂层在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中25℃下失效老化可以分为老化初期,中期及后期3个阶段;老化初期（第0～2个周期）抗腐蚀性能完好,低频电化学阻抗|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁹Ω·cm²量级以上;中期（第4～6个周期）,|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁵～10⁸Ω·cm²量级,内部微孔增大增多,抗腐蚀性能明显衰减;后期（第8个周期）,表面出现局部鼓包,|Z|_{0.01 Hz}为10⁵Ω·cm²量级及以下,涂层失效。据此建立老化动力学方程,可对内腔防腐涂层的服役寿命和防护性能进行预测和评估。     

高固体分环氧防腐蚀涂层/铝合金在模拟超深海高压环境下的防护行为研究

为了提高铝合金在深海环境中的防护性能,研制了一种铝合金深海防护用高固体分环氧防腐蚀涂料.采用电化学测试技术、盐雾加速试验和涂层形貌分析等手段研究了高固体分环氧防腐蚀涂层在模拟常压海水环境和超深海高压环境(36.0 MPa)下对铝合金的防护行为.结果 表明:高固体分环氧防腐蚀涂料在铝合金基材上的耐盐雾寿命达1000h以上,涂层在铝合金上的拉拔附着力为11.28～13.52 MPa,经36.0 MPa高压盐水浸泡35 d后的湿附着力为7.52～8.12 MPa.铝合金/涂层体系在超深海高压环境下,漆膜吸水导致涂层电阻降低及电容逐渐增大,浸泡35 d后,涂层低频阻抗模值降低到3.85×106 Ω·cm2;深海高压导致涂层中的颜填料疏松,容易形成腐蚀通道导致涂层破损和基体腐蚀.提高涂层在金属上的湿附着力和致密性,是延长涂层在深海环境下防护寿命的关键因素.     

无机富锌漆中锌粉形状对涂层重防腐蚀性能的影响

为了进一步研究无机富锌底漆中锌粉形状对涂层及其复合涂层防腐蚀性能的影响,分别选用球状和片状锌粉制备了无机富锌底漆,并与H702环氧云铁中间漆、H703灰环氧面漆一起构成了重防腐蚀复合涂层体系。通过盐雾腐蚀和电化学交流阻抗谱技术研究了无机富锌底漆涂层及其复合涂层的防腐蚀性能。结果表明:片状无机富锌底漆涂层的耐蚀性能更强,经过长时间的盐雾腐蚀没有出现明显的腐蚀产物;复合涂层交流阻抗谱的Bode中低频阻抗模值在较长时间内稳定在107Ω·cm2左右,Nyquist谱中的容抗弧半径明显增大,片状复合涂层的防腐蚀性能优于球状复合底漆涂层。     

有机防护涂层老化研究进展

综述了以聚脲及聚氨酯涂层为代表的有机防护涂层在不同测试方法(SEM、AFM、FTIR、EIS、ATR等)和不同试验环境下的耐老化性能,包括有机防护涂层降解老化研究、腐蚀介质在涂层内的渗透性研究、涂层混凝土氯离子渗透性研究、有机涂层的老化研究及电化学阻抗测试研究。研究结果表明:涂层在不同老化条件下表现出不同的老化行为,紫外线/盐雾循环人工加速老化及Cl-在涂层中扩散最终都能导致涂层形貌破坏,防护功能下降;有机涂层附着力丧失及涂层失效程度可用涂层电容(C)值的迅速增加和涂层电阻(R)值的急剧降低为指标进行衡量。     

镁合金超疏水环氧复合涂层的制备与性能EI北大核心CSCD

传统的超疏水表面的制备过程比较复杂,机械稳定性差,这严重制约了超疏水表面的实际应用。采用“黏合剂+纳米粒子”的方法,在镁合金表面制备一种无氟、持久稳定的超疏水环氧复合涂层。接触角测试结果表明,复合涂层的接触角最高可达160.2°,且在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中浸泡30天后,接触角仍然高达103°;EIS结果表明,在5个加速老化循环周期后,复合涂层的|Z|_(0.01 Hz)仍高于10^(9)Ω·cm^(2),展现出优异的耐盐雾性能和耐蚀性能;摩擦磨损实验结果显示,在19.6 N的载荷下机械摩擦8 h后,复合涂层的|Z|_(0.01 Hz)高达1.84×10^(9)Ω·cm^(2)。通过“空气垫”的屏障作用,复合涂层能够为镁合金提供高效且持久的腐蚀防护,“黏合剂+纳米粒子”策略为超疏水涂层的制备提供了新的思路。     

聚苯胺/钼酸涂层的电化学合成及其耐蚀性能

为了提高Q235碳钢的防腐蚀性能,先对其进行钝化处理,然后分别在不含和含有钼酸的苯胺和草酸混合溶液中,采用循环伏安法在碳钢电极表面电化学合成聚苯胺(PANI)和聚苯胺/钼酸(PANI-MoO2-4)涂层;利用开路电位-时间曲线、动电位极化曲线及电化学阻抗谱分析了PANI涂层和PANI-MoO2-4涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的防腐蚀性能。结果表明:PANI-MoO2-4涂层对Q235碳钢的腐蚀防护作用明显优于PANI涂层;与碳钢相比,PANI-MoO2-4涂层的自腐蚀电位升高了近188 mV,自腐蚀电流密度约为碳钢的1/5,低频阻抗模值|Z|0.05 Hz约为碳钢的53倍。     

海洋环境下磁场对电磁屏蔽涂层保护性能的影响

采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中外加磁场对Ni基电磁屏蔽涂层单、双层体系保护性能的影响,并采用体视显微镜与扫描电子显微镜对浸泡后涂层的表面及截面形貌特征进行了观察。结果表明,单层Ni基涂层体系下,磁场的作用表现为阻滞了溶液的扩散,使得其低频阻抗模值|Z|0.01Hz随浸泡时间的增加下降速度减缓,这是由于磁场使涂层中Ni颗粒重新排布,减少了涂层内缺陷;对于电磁屏蔽涂层/丙烯酸聚氨酯清漆双层体系,EIS结果表明外加磁场使涂层|Z|0.01Hz下降更快,而磁场方向对|Z|0.01Hz的变化规律无明显影响。这说明尽管磁场优化了底漆中Ni颗粒在涂层中的分布,提高了电磁屏蔽底漆的保护性,但是对于丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆的失效过程,磁场对电解质扩散的加速作用占主导地位,二者叠加总体来说磁场加速了双层涂层体系腐蚀过程。     

Zn-Al涂层腐蚀电化学行为研究

通过电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)研究了Zn-Al涂层在铜加速醋酸盐雾试验中的腐蚀行为,建立了等效电路模型并分析了相关电化学参数随时间的变化规律。采用扫描电镜及能谱仪分析了涂层腐蚀后的形貌及成分组成,阐释了电化学参数的演变规律。结果表明,盐雾试验中Zn-Al涂层的腐蚀由电化学反应控制逐渐转变为扩散控制,最后进入基体腐蚀阶段。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.