Grating Angular－movement Transducer Using a Fabry－Perot Structure

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多因素影响下法布里-珀罗干涉仪透射频谱特性

法布里-珀罗(F-P)干涉仪是具有重要科研和实用价值的光学仪器,能广泛应用于光学鉴频、锁频以及光谱超精细结构的测量研究。然而,在实际应用中干涉仪的频谱特性将受到诸多因素的影响。从入射光束发散角、入射光频谱、干涉仪平板吸收损耗、平板表面缺陷和不平行度等因素对F-P干涉仪频谱特性的影响做了深入的研究。在考虑了上述诸多实际因素情况下,理论上导出了F-P干涉仪的透射频谱函数的一般表达式;定量给出了由发散角引起的透射频谱整体平移量;提出了等效发射激光谱宽的概念,将入射光束发散角、入射光频谱、干涉仪平板表面缺陷和不平行度等对透射频谱的展宽效应合并处理,给出了定量的等效关系式。这些结果可为法布里-珀罗干涉仪的设计与应用提供借鉴。     

F-P干涉仪在长度测量领域的应用

F-P标准具和干涉仪利用多光束干涉的原理,产生极锐的干涉条纹并且谐振频率对F-P腔长的变化非常敏感,根据这些特点,从利用F-P干涉仪进行激光器的频率锁定、稳频,光学倍程精密定位和纳米测量三个角度综述了在长度测量领域F-P干涉仪的发展情况;在分析主要存在的问题和解决方法的基础上,讨论了F-P干涉仪的发展方向,并指出在纳米测量中F-P干涉仪将起到越来越重要的作用。     

Tunable wavelength filter using nano-sized droplets of liquidcrystal

An electrically tunable optical filter has been developed that uses a polymer containing fine droplets of nematic liquid crystal as the active cavity in a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). This FPI filter, whose finesse was 62, had a free spectral range of 37 nm in the 1.55-μm range with a full-width at half maximum of 0.6 nm and a transmission loss of 2.4 dB. The polarization dependent loss was smaller than 0.17 dB. The transmitted peak wavelength decreased with an electric field. This resulted in a tuning range of 10 nm at 300 V. The switching time was about 370 μs     

FPI在光纤复用通信系统中的应用

本文介绍了光纤复用系统（ＷＤＭ和ＦＤＭ）中的几种基于Ｆａｂｒｙ一Ｐｅｒｏｔ干涉仪（ＦＰＩ）原理的波长选择器件,并对其测量范围、测量精度等主要特点进行了简单的分析．     

基于MPCF-FPI和LPFG的高温-应变区分测量

提出并研制了一种结构简单、成本低廉的全光纤型高温-应变组合传感器,其结构是在具有微气泡腔的在线型Fabry-Perot干涉仪（FPI）后级联一个高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅（LPFG）。FPI通过采用商用化的熔接机熔接普通单模光纤（SMF）和多模光子晶体光纤（MPCF）形成,两类光纤间的空气泡形成FP干涉腔,...     

白天大气测温的转动拉曼激光雷达分光系统

大气测温转动拉曼激光雷达通常采用双光栅单色仪来分离得到拉曼散射信号谱线,然而这种结构存在通带较宽的缺点,以致白天工作时输出信号混合了较强的天空背景干扰,无法准确测量大气温度。Fabry-Perot标准具具有滤波带宽窄、带外抑制比高,以及透射率呈周期性的特点,在光栅单色仪前插入Fabry-Perot标准具,能够有效扣除背景光干扰,同时将氧气的拉曼散射谱线滤除,从而提高了输出拉曼谱线的纯度和输出信号的信噪比,最终可提高温度反演精度并实现日光环境下工作。     

A high-Q Fabry-Perot interferometer for water vapor absorption measurements in the 100 Gc/s to 300 Gc/s frequency range

The investigation of atmospheric losses in the far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength regions has been pursued from both ends of the spectrum, i.e., from the infrared using IR spectroscopic techniques, and from the microwave region using coherent, high resolution spectroscopic methods. This paper describes the design of a Fabry-Perot semi-confocal interferometer, and its application to the measurement of atmospheric gas losses using coherent sources in the 100 Gc/s to 300 Gc/s frequency range. The tunable interferometer exhibits Q's as large as 3 × 10⁵at 300 Gc/s, permitting the measurement of loss with a sensitivity of tan δ= 10^-8and an error of five percent or less.     

Time-resolved spectral measurements on a multielectrode DFB laserusing a Fabry-Perot interferometer

A Fabry-Perot interferometer based time-resolved spectral measurement system capable of transform limited performance is described here. The system results from a model developed for the Fabry-Perot interferometer from which the mirror reflectivity emerges as the critical parameter in determining both the temporal and spectral response. Using this system, the response of a multi-electrode DFB laser under a number of different modulation formats is investigated     

变间隙法布里-珀罗干涉式长波红外光谱成像系统

干涉式长波红外光谱成像技术以其独特的工作原理和谱段特性,在众多领域具有广泛的应用前景。为解决仪器小型化、轻量化问题,研究了一种基于变间隙法布里-珀罗（F-P）干涉仪的新型长波红外光谱成像系统。在分析系统工作原理的基础上,研究了确定F-P干涉腔两反射面的反射率、变间隙干涉腔的楔角等主要参数的理论依据;搭建了实验系统,得到了整个装置对黑体宽波段热辐射的响应;通过将系统测得的聚丙烯薄膜的透过率曲线与高精度光谱辐射计测量结果进行比较,结果显示系统光谱分辨率满足理论设计要求。研究表明:该系统能够有效满足长波红外光谱成像系统的轻便化、小型化的需求。     

高分辨率光纤位移传感器

介绍了一种新型的光纤位移传感器，它基于全光纤法布里－珀罗干涉仪原理，采用了光反馈技术和共模抑制技术，有效地消除了环境的影响，趴有很高的测量稳定性，其分辨率高在１０＾－１０ｍ，可用二系统的状态监控和故障诊断及精密测量。     

An airborne far-infrared spectrometer for astronomical observations

A Fabry-Perot spectrometer for airborne observations of astronomical spectral lines has been designed for use in the 50 to 200 μm region of the far-infrared. The spectrometer uses a fixed wavelength Fabry-Perot filter cooled to 4.2 K in conjunction with a high order scanning Fabry-Perot at room temperature. This arrangement provides high spectral resolution and also minimizes the thermal background radiation on the detector. The instrument has been successfully used to study all the presently detected fine structure lines between 50 and 120 μm.     

The MPE/UCB far-infrared imaging Fabry-Perot interferometer (FIFI)

FIFI is an imaging spectrometer with two or three Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) in series for airborne astronomical observations in the far-infrared range (λ=40...200μm). It employs 5×5 arrays of photoconducting detectors and offers spectral resolutions as small as 2km/s. Resolution and bandwidth can be set over a wide range to match a variety of astronomical sources. Cryogenic optics minimizes thermal background radiation and provides for in-flight step tunable spatial resolution. At 158 μm wavelength the background-limited NEP is 3 × 10^-15W/?Hz at 40 km/s resolution and with two FPI's; with three FPI's the expected NEP is ≤10^-15W√Hz at 5 km/s resolution. The frequency-chopping mode of the high-resolution Fabry-Perot allows for line detection in extended objects. Absolute internal flux calibration ensures adequate “flat fielding” of the array elements.     

Frequency modulation of GaAlAs injection lasers at microwave frequency rates

Frequency modulation of GaAlAs double heterostructure injection lasers at microwave frequencies is reported for the first time. The lasers are operating at a 0.85 μm wavelength and have been modulated at frequencies up to 2.25 GHz with a modulation index of 2.4. The laser FM modulation is displayed by a high resolution spectral measuring setup comprising a monochromator and a Fabry-Perot interferometer. A simple laser model is presented which allows the static frequency shift of the laser resonance frequency to be calculated as a function of the bias current change. The results are compared with measured data.     

Near-infrared vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with 3-MHzlinewidth

The linewidth of electrically pumped vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers optimized for spectroscopic applications in the near-infrared has been examined in detail. Both a high-resolution scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer and a delayed self-homodyne technique were employed for high-resolution linewidth measurement. Record narrow spectral linewidths of 3 MWz were obtained at output powers near 0.8 mW     

应用于测风激光雷达的多普勒校准仪

测风激光雷达作为一种测速工具,系统的多普勒校准是验证测量准确性的关键步骤之一。针对车载、机载测风激光雷达的校准要求,设计了便携式多普勒校准仪。其基本原理是:利用已知目标的运动速度,与激光雷达系统测得的目标运动速度比较,得到系统的速度校准曲线。研制的多普勒校准仪自身系统相对误差为1%,小于激光雷达测量误差;其多普勒散射信号频谱展宽小于0.7 MHz,可以等效为气溶胶的后向散射谱。径向速度的连续调节范围可达±50 m/s。实验结果显示:当探测光子数接近2000时,激光雷达测速的精度为0.6 m/s。     

基于Mach-Zehnder干涉仪条纹成像技术的多普勒测风激光雷达鉴频系统研究及仿真

多普勒激光雷达在大气风场探测中已经得到广泛应用。相比于Fabry-Perot（F-P）干涉仪、Fizeau干涉仪,Mach-Zehnder（M-Z）干涉仪作为鉴频器具有透过率高、探测谱的范围宽、能进行视场展宽而获得大光通量、所成直条纹可以与CCD匹配等优点,同时也可以实现大的风速探测范围,弥补现有直接探测多普勒测风激光雷达探测范围较小,探测灵敏度的非线性的问题。分析了基于M-Z干涉仪条纹成像技术的激光雷达大气风场探测原理,对干涉仪鉴频系统进行了参数优化设计及仿真分析,通过设定实验参数,获得仿真结果,进行数据反演,得到风速值与理论结果基本一致。     

Frequency stabilization of semiconductor lasers for applications in coherent communication systems

The stabilization of the mean frequency of a single-mode semiconductor laser used under modulation in a FSK heterodyne transmission system is achieved by a novel method. The frequency stabilization scheme locks the laser to one of the resonance frequencies of a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). The laser is weakly modulated at a frequency higher than any signal frequencies. Light reflected from the FPI is detected and synchronously demodulated for feedback and current control of the laser. A laser modulated by a pseudorandom sequence with a rate of 140 Mbit/s and an optical frequency deviation of 280 MHz is stabilized with this method against variations in operating temperature and bias current. The mean optical frequency is maintained within ± 10 MHz for hours. Analysis and experiments confirm that the laser frequency remains stable even when the laser linewidth changes under weak optical feedback.     

激光稳频的共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪

针对多普勒激光雷达激光源短期频率漂移低于1 MHz的要求,设计了一种共焦干涉仪作为频率标准进行稳频。通过对三种不同材料制成的共焦法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot)干涉仪中心频率随温度漂移情况进行分析对比,选用零膨胀微晶玻璃材料制作共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪,腔镜和隔离器通过光胶的方式进行组合,并且置于温控精度优于0.01 K的双层密封温控箱中。经过实验测量,共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪的自由光谱范围为370 MHz,透射谱半峰全宽(FWHM)为1.7 MHz,精细度为220。采用该共焦干涉仪进行稳频,理论稳频精度可达0.15 MHz,满足激光多普勒雷达单频激光源的稳频要求。     

Fabry-Perot Temperature Sensor for Quasi-Distributed Measurement Utilizing OTDR

A quasi-distributed Fabry-Perot fiber optic temperature sensor array using optical time domain reflectometry （OTDR） technique is presented. The F-P sensor is made by two face to face single-mode optical fibers and their surfaces have been polished. Due to the low reflectivity of the fiber surfaces, the sensor is described as low Fresnel Fabry-Perot interferometer （FPI）. The working principle is analyzed using twobeam optical interference approximation. To measure the temperature, a certain temperature sensitive material is filled in the cavity. The slight changes of the reflective intensity which is induced by the refractive index of the material was caught by OTDR. The length of the cavity is obtained by monitoring the interference spectrum which is used for the setting of the sensor static characteristics within the quasi-linear range. Based on our design, a three point sensor array are fabricated and characterized. The experimental results show that with the temperature increasing from -30℃ to 80℃, the reflectivity increase in a good linear manner. The sensitivity was approximate 0.074 dB℃. For the low transmission loss, more sensors can be integrated.