江苏省苏北盆地洪泽凹陷古新世时期的古环境: 来自微体古生物学与蒸发岩的证据

第三纪古新世—始新世极热事件（PETM事件： Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum）,被认为是最类似于现今的温室效应。江苏省苏北盆地洪泽凹陷沉积了一套巨厚的古新世时期的蒸发岩,提供了该时期的陆地记录。蒸发岩对气候极为敏感,因此可以记录古代气候的信息。本次研究从苏北盆地洪泽凹陷钻孔中,通过SEM-EDS的方法识别出了无水芒硝和钙芒硝,这些暖相矿物的出现吻合第三纪古新世—始新世极热事件时期的极端高温环境;而苏打石的出现则表明该时期大致为现代大气三倍浓度的极高CO2含量。     

库车盆地古近纪—新近纪蒸发岩沉积演化特征及其资源效应初步探讨

库车盆地古近纪—新近纪时期具有巨厚的蒸发岩沉积,古近纪时期岩盐沉积的最大厚度达1 447.5 m,新近纪时期岩盐沉积的厚度有所减小,岩盐层最大厚度402 m。库车盆地在古近纪—新近纪时期沉积沉降中心也有所改变,从盆地西部的拜城凹陷转移到东部的康村—阳霞地区。库车盆地东西部蒸发岩岩体特征的差异,对此地区油气藏规模造成一定影响。初步判断库车盆地西部蒸发岩有可能比东部蒸发岩盐下形成的油气藏量较大。盆地中蒸发岩沉积中心的迁移对钾盐沉积也有重要影响。     

豫西渑池盆地湖泊沉积特征与古环境

对渑池盆地池底村古湖泊沉积剖面进行连续采样,在粒度组成和有机碳含量分析的基础上,结合¹⁴C年代测定(校正为日历年龄),重建了盆地区末次冰盛期以来的气候环境演化进程:19543~9240cal.aB.P.,气候比较干燥,古湖泊尚未形成;9240~8039cal.aB.P.,气候由干冷向暖湿化方向转变,古湖泊开始形成;8039~3473cal.aB.P.期间,气候温暖湿润,湖泊水位最高;3439~2931cal.aB.P.期间,气候波动剧烈,总体上气候较前一段干旱,湖泊水位下降;2931~2423cal.aB.P.期间,气候干旱,古湖泊干涸。盆地区的人类文化演进对气候环境变化的响应十分明显,二者之间存在一定的耦合关系。     

珠江三角洲三水盆地早全新世以来 孢粉分析与古环境重建

为了深入探讨珠江三角洲的沉积古环境和古气候历史,在三水市区获取了2个高取芯率的钻孔岩芯,进行了12个AMS 14C测年,并结合孢粉、硅藻等分析结果探讨三水地区全新世的海平面与河流水动力变化,以及古植被演替过程。结果表明：钻孔所在区域全新世沉积总体从9 000 cal. a B.P.左右开始,呈现河流相―河湾相―河口湾相―潮坪相―河口湾相―河漫滩相的演变过程。三水区的早全新世沉积阶段年代最早为9 000 cal. a B.P.左右,表现为河口湾相的淤泥质粉砂沉积,硅藻以淡水种类为主,最高沉积速率为1.6 cm/a。海侵初始时间为8 700 cal. a B.P.左右,最高海平面时间为7 600 cal. a B.P.左右,此时海岸带发育红树林,丘陵山地发育较茂盛的亚常绿热带常绿阔叶林;中―晚全新世阶段（6 500―2 200 cal. a B.P.）,以泥炭粉砂沉积为主,沉积速率为0.2~0.5 cm/a,河口区高潮线附近及河流弯道低洼滩地在5 000 cal. a B.P.前后形成淡水沼泽、河口三角洲边缘区洼地水松林发育。在晚全新世（2 200 cal. a B.P.左右）以来,陆相黏土质沉积指示河口泥沙快速堆积,三角洲平原迅速扩大,沉积速率高达1.7 cm/a。孢粉结果显示次生的芒箕孢子剧增,陆地植被稀疏,人类活动显著增强。     

The Partisan Geographies of Sincere Crossover Voting Behavior: Evidence from North Carolina

A great deal of interdisciplinary literature suggests that although the general motivation to vote is complex, it can be partially explained by a multitude of psychological and contextual factors, including local geographic patterns. I extend this observation to one particular type of voting behavior: sincere crossover voting, or voting for a candidate outside of one's own political affiliation, in a general election. Using a replicable methodological approach that incorporates partisan spatial segregation and exposure as predictors into statistical models of crossover voting behavior for a selected U.S. election, I produce evidence to suggest that the spatial arrangement of partisans influences crossover behavior in the study area, although not uniformly for members of the two major American political parties.     

柴达木盆地西部大浪滩梁中矿区软钾镁矾沉积的矿物组合特征

柴达木盆地西部大浪滩梁中矿区是一个以液体钾矿为主、固液并存的大型钾镁盐矿田。通过对梁中矿区大浪滩凹地钾镁盐矿点实地考察,以兴元钾肥厂开挖的固体钾盐(软钾镁矾、钾石盐和杂卤石等矿物)剖面为研究载体,采集73件固体盐样。通过XRD矿物组成分析,发现梁中凹地盐类呈石盐+泻利盐—石盐+泻利盐+软钾镁矾—石盐+泻利盐+钾石盐—石盐+钾石盐+光卤石—石盐+水氯镁石矿物组合变化。其中,在Ⅱ阶段(5.3².6 m)沉积了层状的固体钾盐矿物(包含软钾镁矾、钾石盐和光卤石)。地层中沉积的软钾镁矾,结晶良好。通过对比分析认为,软钾镁矾的形成条件:1)外来水体的混入,溶滤了地表盐滩中可溶性钾;2)(全新世)相对较高的温度条件,芒硝等矿物的溶解,会使湖表卤水中硫酸盐含量明显增加,卤水组成点易落在25℃介稳相图的白钠镁矾相区,有利于软钾镁矾结晶析出;3)干旱的气候条件。     

近现代高邮湖沉积记录的环境变化

1 Introduction Gaoyou Lake is the third largest lake in Jiangsu Province. It lies in central Jiangsu Province, lower reaches of the Huaihe River, and west of the Jing–Hang (Beijing–Hangzhou) Grand Canal. Previous research on environmental changes of the…     

Environmental changes during modern period from the record of Gaoyou Lake sediments,Jiangsu

Based on analysis of parameters of cores taken from Gaoyou Lake, including magnetic susceptibility, grain-size characteristics and sedimentary rate, environmental changes during the modern period were examined with the assistance of historical records and Gaoyou Lake water level materials. It is concluded that during the modern period a higher value of magnetic susceptibility and a lower sediment grain size coincided with a wet climate, while a lower value of magnetic susceptibility and a higher grain size were related with a dry climate. The results indicate that the climate in the 123 years period from 1880 to 2003AD can be divided into four stages： two low water level stages （1880-1915AD, 1948-1981AD） and two high water level stages （1915-1948AD, 1981-2003AD）. It appears that the regional climate generally underwent a dry-wet-dry-wet pattern in 30-year cycles. At present, it is at the end of a wet period, so the regional climate is expected to become dry in the near future. This conclusion corresponds with the climate records in the historical literature of the Gaoyou area, and it also matches with the climatic changes in North Jiangsu area.     

Environmental changes during modern period from the record of Gaoyou Lake sediments, Jiangsu

Based on analysis of parameters of cores taken from Gaoyou Lake, including magnetic susceptibility, grain-size characteristics and sedimentary rate, environmental changes during the modern period were examined with the assistance of historical records and Gaoyou Lake water level materials. It is concluded that during the modern period a higher value of magnetic susceptibility and a lower sediment grain size coincided with a wet climate, while a lower value of magnetic susceptibility and a higher grain size were related with a dry climate. The results indicate that the climate in the 123 years period from 1880 to 2003AD can be divided into four stages: two low water level stages (1880–1915AD, 1948–1981AD) and two high water level stages (1915–1948AD, 1981–2003AD). It appears that the regional cli-mate generally underwent a dry–wet–dry–wet pattern in 30-year cycles. At present, it is at the end of a wet period, so the regional climate is expected to become dry in the near future. This conclusion corresponds with the climate records in the historical literature of the Gaoyou area, and it also matches with the climatic changes in North Jiangsu area.     

Differential Enrichment of Organic Matter in Saline Lacustrine Source Rocks in a Rift Basin: A Case Study of Paleogene Source Rocks,Dongpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Natural Resources Research - Organic matter enrichment in shale is one of the key factors that control shale oil resources; however, studies of the mechanism of organic matter enrichment in shale...