废塑料配煤炼焦实验研究Ⅰ-产物分布分析

利用2kg实验焦炉考察了废塑料配煤炼焦以及废塑料的添加比例对共焦化产物分布的影响,结果表明:废塑料的添加可以改变共焦化产物的分布。如果废塑料的配比从1%增加到5%,焦炭和水的产率逐渐降低,焦炉煤气和焦油的产率逐渐升高。废塑料代替1/3焦煤配煤炼焦后表现出较特殊的规律,从产物分布上考虑,若用废塑料代替弱粘煤,废塑料的配比可以增加。     

废塑料在炼焦配煤中的应用研究

介绍了宁钢应用塑料型煤技术,在满足焦炭质量要求的前提下,扩大了炼焦煤中添加废塑料的比例,而且在限定废塑料添加比例的条件下稳定了焦炭质量,为科学、合理、经济地治理"白色污染"提供了理论依据和工业经验。     

配合煤添加废塑料生产不同规格焦炭的研究

利用常规炼焦技术处理废塑料,在基础配合煤中添加不同配比的混合废塑料制备冶金焦和高强度多孔焦。当混合废塑料用量小于4％时,共炭化得到的焦炭与原配合煤炭化的焦炭性质相当;添加10％～18％的混合废塑料可生产I型转鼓强度大于70％、反应性约50％的多孔焦。     

废塑料配煤炼焦实验研究

利用2kg焦炉实验，研究废塑料配煤炼焦产物的特性．研究结果表明，废塑料代替瘦煤配煤炼焦对改善焦炭强度效果明显．废塑料代替瘦煤比例为1％～5％，焦炭的反应性和反应后强度呈现劣化趋势，但当废塑料比例为3％时，焦炭的反应性和反应后强度仍优于纯煤焦化所得焦炭，焦油中的芳香环结构物质增加，焦油出现轻质化趋势，焦炉煤气的热值有明显的提高，具有显著的工业应用前景．     

煤与废塑料共焦化研究进展

介绍了煤与废塑料共焦化的机理,分析了影响煤与废塑料共焦化的主要因素:废塑料的种类、配入比例、粒径、预处理方式等,分别讨论了添加废塑料对膨胀压力和焦炭结构的影响。指出煤与废塑料共焦化技术在节约炼焦煤资源和环保方面具有较好的发展潜力。     

还原性气氛下处理废塑料的工业化应用研究

在常规炼焦配煤中添加混合废塑料作为原料,通过稳定原料性质和采用不同炭化工艺,利用实验焦炉考察添加混合废塑料对炼焦的影响,以期得到生产不同规格焦炭的工艺路线.     

废塑料配煤炼焦的小焦炉试验

废塑料经分类、筛选和制粒后，用小焦炉进行配煤炼焦试验，结果表明，对焦炭强度的影响不大，还可增加炼焦化学产品的产率，但废塑料的配比宜控制在2％以下。     

强粘结性煤与有机废弃物共热解的研究

用处理量为1kg/h的回转炉作为强粘结性煤分别与生物质、废橡胶、废塑料共热解的反应器,研究了热解温度对各产品产率和煤气性质的影响,以及添加有机废弃物对焦炭光学组织的影响。结果表明：热解过程中有机废弃物能阻止煤粒之间发生粘结,得到粒状焦炭。焦油的生成率和裂解率随热解温度的变化可分别用正态分布函数和韦布尔分布函数模拟。锯末对焦炭中光学各向异性组织的形成和发展有阻碍作用,而废橡胶轮胎和废聚氯乙烯塑料对其有促进作用。     

废塑料与炼焦煤低温共焦化过程的研究

利用10g固定床反应器,分别进行了废塑料和八一焦煤、太钢炼焦配煤的低温共焦化实验,考察了共焦化产物的分布以及废塑料的添加对共焦化过程中净炼焦煤焦化产物收率的影响,并分析了半焦光学组织的变化情况．研究结果表明,废塑料的添加可提高焦油的产率,使半焦性质得到改善并可以节约炼焦煤;废塑料对共焦化过程中净焦煤焦化产物收率的影响随煤种而异．     

煤与废塑料共碳化的实验研究

本文以生活垃圾中的废塑料和来自双鸭山建龙化工有限公司生产用的四种煤为原料,研究煤与废塑料共焦化技术。结果表明:放入的废塑料种类不同,所得到的焦炭强度也不一样放入3%低密度聚乙烯时,所得焦炭强度为3.7KN,高于配合煤所得焦炭强度1.7KN,所得的焦炭强度最好。     

Benzyl diethyl phosphite as a coke inhibitor during naphtha pyrolysis. tubular reactor studies

The effectiveness of benzyl diethyl phosphite as a coke inhibitor during naphtha pyrolysis was investigated in a tubular reactor at 1073 K and atmospheric pressure. Significant reduction in the coking rate was achieved by adding benzyl diethyl phosphite to the feed. The effect of toluene, methylcyclohexane, l-octene and carbon disulfide on the rate of coke formation was also investigated. Toluene enhanced the rate of coke formation significantly, whereas with methylcyclohexane and l-octene the increase was less appreciable. Carbon disulphide decreased the amount of coke deposited initially, but with increasing run time the asymptotic coking rates were found to be higher than for straight-run naphtha. The yields of propylene, 1,3-butadiene and butenes increased on addition of carbon disulphide.     

Plastic wastes, lube oils and carbochemical products as secondary feedstocks for blast-furnace coke production

Two plastic wastes (polyolefin-enriched and multicomponent), two lube oils (paraffinic and synthetic) and one coal-tar were assessed as individual and combined additives to coal blends for the production of blast furnace coke. The effects of adding 2 wt.% of these additives or their mixtures (50:50 w/w) on the coking capacity of coal, coking pressure and coke quality parameters were investigated. It was found that the two plastic wastes reduce fluidity, whereas the addition of oils and tar helps to partially restore the fluidity of the coal-plastic blend. From the co-carbonization of the coking blend with the different wastes in a movable wall oven of over 15 kg capacity, it was deduced that polyolefins have a detrimental effect on coking pressure. The addition of oils and tar to the coal-plastic blend has different modifying effects. Whereas paraffinic oil eliminated the high coking pressure caused by the polyolefins, polyol-ester oil had a weak reducing effect unlike coal-tar which had a strong enhancing effect. The compatibility of the oils/tar with plastics and coal and the beneficial influence of these combinations on coking pressure is discussed in relation to the miscibility of the plastic and the oily and bituminous additives, and the amount and composition of the volatile matter evolved from each additive during pyrolysis as evaluated by thermal analysis. Furthermore, it was found that coke reactivity towards CO₂ (CRI) and coke strength after reaction with CO₂ (CSR) are heavily dependent on the composition of the plastic waste, with polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a clear negative effect. The porosity of the cokes obtained from blends containing plastic wastes is always higher, but the pores are smaller in size.     

The effect of plastic size on coke quality and coking pressure in the co-carbonization of coal/plastic in coke oven

In the recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens, coals and added plastics are carbonized and changed into coke, tar, oil and coke oven gas in a coke oven chamber. In this study, the effect of added plastic size on coke quality and the effect of plastic addition on coking pressure was investigated. In the case of a plastic addition rate of 2%, the coke strength reached a minimum at the particle size of 10 mm for polyethylene (PE) and 3 mm for polystyrene (PS). The mechanism was attributed to the weak coke structure formed on the interface between plastic and coal. The result indicates that large or small plastic particles are favorable in order to add waste plastics to blended coals for coke making without affecting coke strength . Furthermore, it was also shown that a 1% addition of large size agglomerated waste plastics to blended coals did not increase coking pressure. Based on this fundamental study, and considering the ease of handling plastics, we have determined that the size of waste plastic used in a commercial-scale recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens is about 25 mm. Nippon Steel Corporation started to operate a waste plastic recycling process using coke ovens at Nagoya and Kimitsu works in 2000 and at Yawata and Muroran works in 2002. Now the total capacity is 120,000 tons per year as of 2003 and this process is operating smoothly.     

无烟煤与添加剂炼焦实验研究

采用马钢炼焦原料研究了无烟煤与添加剂配煤炼焦新工艺.用无烟煤取代部分焦煤的炼焦实验结果表明,在黏结剂PRT和CMC分别为0.5％条件下,无烟煤配入量为14％时所炼出的焦炭的粒焦反应性比9％无烟煤时所炼的焦更低,而反应后强度则高于加入9％无烟煤时所炼的焦,与不加无烟煤所炼的焦的差距很小;此外,在无烟煤配入量为14％时,改变添加剂配比的炼焦实验结果表明,对3-2,3-3及3-5号配方所炼的焦,具有比较好的落下强度与转鼓指数、较低的粒焦反应性和较高的反应后强度,比较接近不加无烟煤的基准焦配方3-1.     

无焦煤炼焦时惰性物对焦炭微观强度的影响

在无焦煤的炼焦条件下,将徐州气煤和枣庄肥煤两种煤混合,以此混煤为基础煤料,添加不同粒度的焦粉、瘦煤、无烟煤进行坩埚焦炼焦实验,对所炼制的坩埚焦进行焦炭光学组织、焦炭显微强度和结构强度分析测试。结果表明,添加惰性物使焦炭的各向异性指数(OTI)增大,I+Mf+FF减小;3种惰性物中,添加焦粉对提高焦炭显微强度和结构强度效果最好;惰性物的粒度越小,提高焦炭质量效果越明显。     

优化配煤改善攀钢焦炭质量研究

为了改善原配合煤黏结性较差的实际情况,在配煤中配加一定量云南一平浪煤取代部分矿务局主焦煤和瘦煤。试验结果表明:配加10%的一平浪煤后,配合煤黏结性增强,焦炭反应性降低6.5%,反应后强度升高7.9%;冷态强度参数M40提高1.95%,M10下降了0.95%。     

沈北、大庆混合油高粘度减压润滑油NMP精制结焦考察

在润滑油NMP加助剂精制过程中经常出现结焦的现象。通过实验确定了测量结焦量的方法,以沈北、大庆混合油减五线脱蜡油为原料,分别对NMP＋油、NMP＋油＋助剂、NMP＋油＋助剂＋水3种体系在常压、0．036MPa、0．019MPa及0．005MPa下,进行结焦量的考察。结果表明,氧气对体系的结焦影响起决定性作用;氧和助剂对结焦有协同作用。氧气对不同体系结焦量影响的顺序从大到小是：剂＋NMP＋油＋水、剂＋NMP＋油、NMP＋油;水对体系的结焦有促进作用。认为解决和防止NMP精制结焦的关键是非临氧操作。