腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤72例临床分析

目的探讨子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜手术治疗的可行性与实用价值.方法对2000年8月至2005年1月间沈阳市妇婴医院26例子宫颈癌和6例子宫内膜癌行腹腔镜下广泛或次广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术,对33例子宫内膜癌行筋膜外子宫全切、双附件切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术,对7例Ⅰb1期前子宫颈癌患者行腹腔镜下盆腔淋巴结清扫术及宫颈根治术.分析其手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清除数目、术后恢复情况.结果腹腔镜下广泛(或)次广泛子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的平均手术时间(261±62)min,平均出血量(357±46)mL,平均清除淋巴结(21.7±4.5)个.术后尿潴留9例.结论子宫恶性肿瘤的腹腔镜手术因其独具优势而有发展前景,手术成功的关键在于适应证的正确选择及操作技术的熟练.     

腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤52例分析

目的　总结腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床资料。方法　 1999年 8月至 2 0 0 2年 7月对 37例子宫内膜癌 ,15例子宫颈癌行腹腔镜手术 ,其中广泛全子宫切除加双附件切除术 30例 ,广泛全子宫切除加双附件切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术 2 2例 ;对子宫内膜癌Ⅰb期G2 、G3 的 14例患者同时行腹主动脉旁淋巴结活检术。结果　 37例子宫内膜癌全部手术成功 ,无一例出现术中并发症 ,平均手术时间 (2 2 0 4 0± 4 7 89)min ,出血量 (96 6 7±33 39)mL ,术前、后诊断符合率 :Ⅰa期 2 0 0 0 % ,Ⅰb期 6 1 90 % ,术后 3年阴道残端复发 1例 ;15例子宫颈癌患者中 ,中转开腹 1例 ,髂外静脉损伤 2例 ,平均手术时间 (316 11± 6 3 2 4 )min ,出血量 (381 6 7± 74 0 9)mL ,平均切除淋巴结 (18 4 3± 1 6 3)粒 ,术后 1年盆腔侧壁复发 1例。腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤成功率 98 0 8%。结论　腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤近期效果良好 ,远期效果有待随访。     

腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤23例

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的可能性和安全性.方法采用电视腹腔镜技术对23例早期子宫恶性肿瘤患者进行手术治疗,其中16例子宫内膜癌施行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加双附件切除术,5例子宫颈癌及另2例子宫体癌行腹腔镜下盆腔淋巴结清扫加广泛子宫切除术.结果腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术平均手术时间215.44min,术中失血量278.38 ml,腹腔镜盆腔淋巴结清扫加广泛子宫切除术平均手术时间300.86 min,术中失血量550 ml.术中无一例脏器损伤.平均住院时间8天.结论开展腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤是可行的,安全的,值得研究与运用.     

子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜手术的研究现状和进展

腹腔镜手术以创伤小、恢复快、术后病率低等优点,广泛用于妇科良性疾病。近10年,随着腹腔镜技术和设备的不断发展,现在已用于治疗妇科恶性肿瘤,主要用于宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌。本文就子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜手术的研究现状和进展作一文献综述。     

重度子宫内膜异位症的腹腔镜手术治疗

在治疗重度子宫内膜异位症中 ,我们采用腹腔镜手术治疗并进行了一系列实践观察 ,现将结果报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　资料　 1998年 6月至 2 0 0 0年 6月第二军医大学附属长征医院就诊的痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛患者 ,妇检子宫后倾固定或后穹窿扪及痛性结节或卵巢内膜样囊肿超过5ｃｍ ,与周围粘连严重的 91例患者 ,随机分为腹腔镜手术治疗组 6 1例 ,经腹手术治疗组 30例。年龄 32 5 2岁 ,平均42岁。根据术中所见 ,按美国生殖学会ＡＦＳ标准 ,进行评分和分期 ,91例患者均属Ⅳ期重度子宫内膜异位症。术前均行正规阴道准备。腹腔镜手术治疗…     

腹腔镜手术治疗子宫内膜异位症的前景

本文综述了腹腔镜手术治疗特别是应用激光治疗子宫内膜异位症（内异症）的优点和注意事项及今后的发展趋势，提出腹腔镜手术治疗内异症应该为广大妇科医生熟悉并应用手术前后加用药物治疗可以增加治疗效果及减少病灶的复发率。     

腹腔镜在子宫附件手术中的应用体会

腹腔镜在子宫附件手术中的应用体会胡三元，姜希宏，张向宁，孙树三，张师前（山东医科大学附属医院）１９９３年我们为１例乳癌患者用腹腔镜施行了卵巢切除术，１９９４年又为１例卵巢黄体破裂异位妊娠患者用腹腔镜施行了卵巢修补术，术后效果满意，现将手术方法与体会报...     

经阴道子宫广泛切除联合腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床研究

目的：探讨经阴道子宫广泛或次广泛切除加腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的可行性和临床效果。方法：对18例宫颈癌患者,5例子宫内膜癌患者,行经阴道子宫广泛或次广泛切除加腹腔镜盆腔淋巴结清除术。分析手术质量和术后恢复情况。结果：23例患者均顺利完成手术,无并发症发生。清除的盆腔淋巴结数平均29个,平均手术时间为216分钟,术中平均出血350 ml,3例需要输血。术后肛门排气时间平均1．8天,膀胱功能恢复时间平均11．5天,平均术后住院时间9．5天。术后第一天均可下地活动。22例无复发。结论：该术式损伤小、恢复快,能达到足够的切除范围,是目前治疗子宫恶性肿瘤较理想的术式。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿腹腔镜手术的治疗价值

应用电视腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿７８例，镜下施行卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术６３例附件切除术１５例，无１例中转开腹，全部手术均未发生严重并发症。７８例患者Ⅲ期６０例，Ⅳ期１８例，不孕症患者４６例，占５９％，术后随访７１例，随访率为９１．０２％；术后复发５例，复发率为６．４１％，不孕组中妊娠２４例，妊娠率为５２．１７％。     

腹腔镜手术在妇科恶性肿瘤中的应用

目前,腹腔镜手术已广泛应用于许多妇科良性疾病的治疗,如子宫内膜异位症、附件肿物及异位妊娠等,具有创伤小、术后恢复快及术后病率低等优点。９０年代以来,随着腹腔镜设备的改进,操作技术的不断熟练,使其在治疗妇科恶性肿瘤方面也取得了显著进展。现将腹腔镜的应用...     

Successful treatment of submucosal myoma with acute severe uterine hemorrhage by emergency uterine arterial embolization followed by early hysteroscopic myomectomy: a report of two cases

Two submucosal myoma cases with acute severe uterine hemorrhage were initially treated by emergency uterine arterial embolization for hemostasis. Then, after improvement of the general condition, early hysteroscopic myomectomy was performed. In one patient, complete resection was achieved. In another patient, the initial resection was incomplete because of the large tumor size. However, the remaining myoma tissue was spontaneously expelled later with no complications. Red blood cell transfusion was not required in either patient.     

子宫肉瘤放射治疗的临床观察

目的　观察子宫肉瘤对手术后辅助放射治疗（放疗）的疗效,及原发肿瘤或复发肿瘤对放疗的反应。方法　回顾分析我院1960年5月～1999年6月收治的子宫肉瘤102例,其中单纯手术组45例,手术+放疗组29例,单纯放疗组4例,复发肿瘤放疗组24例。结果　5年生存率,单纯手术组为56.7%,手术+放疗组为58.6%,两组比较,差异无显著性（P>0.05）。局部复发率,单纯手术组为42.2%,手术+放疗组为20.7%,两组比较,差异有显著性（P<0.05）。单纯放疗组4例中有3例肿瘤完全消失,其中1例生存时间达36个月,另2例于放疗后9个月和11个月死于远处转移。复发肿瘤放疗组有效率达50.0%。放射敏感性依次为子宫内膜间质肉瘤、子宫恶性苗勒管混合瘤、子宫平滑肌肉瘤。结论　子宫肉瘤手术后放疗可明显减少盆腔复发,放疗应作为子宫肉瘤综合治疗的一部分。     

Laparoscopic uterosacral ligaments plication for the treatment of uterine prolapse

Objective To present preliminary results of a simple, minimally interventional, uterus-sparing procedure for uterine prolapse repair. Methods This prospective study was undertaken on women with symptomatic uterine prolapse ≥2nd stage, who declined hysterectomy at the time of prolapse surgery. A 10 mm laparoscope and three 5 mm ancillary trocars were used to perform the procedure. The uterosacral ligament was invested with a nonabsorbable suture. A total of three helical type sutures were placed full-thickness in the uterosacral ligament, beginning in the distal third of the ligament. The ends of the suture were tied with an extra-corporeal knot-tying technique on each side, thus shortening the ligaments. Finally, the round ligaments were plicated to restore the uterus to its correct anatomic position. No additional surgical procedure was performed concomitantly. Results Ten patients underwent laparoscopic uterosacral ligaments plication for the treatment of symptomatic uterine prolapse. The median (range) patients age was 45.5 years (36–66). Five (50%) patients were premenopausal and 3 (60%) had not completed their family. The median operating time was 22.5 min (20–45). No intraoperative complications occurred. The median follow-up time was 21 months (range 15–33). The median postoperative difference in POP-Q point C was −3 cm (range 0 to −5). Eight (80%) patients were objectively cured at the last follow-up evaluation and all of them reported a complete resolution of their symptoms. Two women had prolapse recurrence and underwent vaginal hysterectomy 7 and 24 months after primary surgery, respectively. Conclusion Laparoscopic uterosacral ligaments plication is a minimally invasive and straightforward simple procedure that appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for women with uterovaginal prolapse who desire uterine preservation.     

Laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy using the plasma kinetic and lap loop systems: an alternative approach in the surgical management of women with uterine fibroids

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and applicability of laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy (LSH) using the plasma kinetic (PK) and lap loop systems as an alternative surgical approach in the management of uterine fibroids in women who have completed their families. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-two consecutive LSH were performed during this prospective study from March 2003 to March 2005 at Princess Royal University Hospital, Kent, UK. RESULTS: All study patients had menorrhagia resistant to at least one form of therapy, with a mean duration of symptoms of 3.5 years. In addition, four patients had previous myomectomy. The mean number of fibroids removed was 2.7. The mean weight of the uterus was 141.9 g. The mean operative time was 46.8 min, and the mean blood loss was 126.6 mL. The overall perioperative complication rate was 4.8% with no visceral injury, or return to theatre. At follow-up, all patients were satisfied with surgery. CONCLUSION: The study describes the first application of the PK and Lap Loop systems in LSH for the surgical management of uterine fibroids in women in whom fertility is not an issue, and its findings suggest that this minimally invasive technique is a safe, and valid alternative. Larger adequately-powered studies are however still required.     

Long-term uterine balloon tamponade for treatment and obliteration of ruptured uterine pseudoaneurysm

Objective

Rupture of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) is a life-threatening event after childbirth. Hysterectomy or uterine arterial embolization was often needed for hemostasis. However, such procedures may cause severe morbidities for these women. To estimate the efficacy of uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) for controlling ruptured UAP bleeding, a retrospective analysis in a single teaching hospital was performed.

Early-stage morphological observations of myoma and myometrium after laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion treatment

Objective

Myoma therapy by uterine artery occlusion using laparoscopic ligation (UAOL) has been performed for many years and has proven effective, but limited information is available on its therapeutic mechanism. To examine this issue, we conducted this study to investigate the morphological change and apoptosis occurring in myomal and adjacent myometrial tissues shortly after UAOL.

Study design

In total, 16 myomas and adjacent myometrium were obtained from 7 cases before and at various points after artery ligation. The tissues were stained using hematoxylin and eosin for morphological observation. To investigate the existence of apoptosis, in situ immunostaining of Caspase 3 and TUNEL assay were performed. Cytochrome C released from mitochondria was also detected by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Microscopic observation found that after UAOL, both myometrial and myomal tissues were edematous and apoptotic cells were widespread in both tissues. TUNEL assays showed that before UAOL, numbers of apoptotic cells in myomal and myometrial tissues had no significant differences (P = 0.866). After ischemia of (36.69 ± 18.53) min, apoptosis was significantly more elevated in myoma than in myometrium ((6.43 ± 4.38)/10 HPF vs. (2.74 ± 1.95)/10 HPF, P = 0.003). Caspase 3 stain shared similar features with the TUNEL assay. In both groups cytochrome C was released from mitochondria after UAOL, and more was detected in the myoma.

Conclusion

UAOL is an alternative method to treat symptomatic uterine myomas. Apoptosis via mitochondrial pathways may lead to reduction of the volume of myoma and myometrium and eventual relief of symptoms.     

Laparoscopic management of early uterine cancer: 10-year experience in Asan Medical Center

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of patients with early uterine cancer and to compare their outcomes with those of patients treated with laparotomy. METHODS: The records of 388 patients with clinical stage I or II uterine cancer treated by laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) or total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) between January 1997 and April 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. After excluding 39 patients with uterine sarcoma and 40 with upstaging or conversion to laparotomy procedures, the case-controlled study was performed. RESULTS: Laparoscopic procedures were converted to laparotomy in 10 of 188 patients (5.3%), whereas laparoscopic surgery was successful in 178 (94.7%). Histopathologic results led to upstaging of 32 of 349 patients (9.2%), including 15 of 188 (8.0%) in laparoscopy group and 17 of 161 (10.6%) in laparotomy group. The two groups were similar in age, parity, BMI, surgical stage, histological grade, tumor size, operating time and number of lymph nodes removed. Fewer complications and shorter hospital stay were observed in laparoscopy group. Between groups, recurrence rate did not differ significantly. Four recurrences in vaginal stump occurred in the only laparoscopy group, but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups in progression-free and overall survival. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy is a valid alternative to conventional laparotomy and does not worsen the prognosis of patients with early endometrial carcinoma. Efforts should be made during laparoscopic procedures to minimize the risk of vaginal recurrence.     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤有效性和安全性的荟萃分析

目的 评价子宫动脉栓塞术（UAE）治疗有症状的子宫肌瘤的有效性及安全性.方法 检索医学在线索引PubMed及中国知网（CNKI）中UAE治疗子宫肌瘤的临床资料,按治疗措施不同将患者分为两组,试验组采用UAE治疗,对照组采用子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗.将符合纳入标准的所有报道UAE治疗子宫肌瘤相关结果的临床试验进行荟萃分析,评估其安全性和有效性.结果 有8个临床试验共计680例有症状的子宫肌瘤患者纳入本研究.荟萃分析显示,各个临床试验对本研究结果的贡献大小与样本量呈正比,而与试验质量的评价等级无关（P＞0.05）.纳入的8个临床试验分别在患者年龄、一般情况及治疗方法方面比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.本研究以3个月为判断患者治疗有效性和安全性的界点,纳入本研究的8个临床试验中,试验组与对照组之间的相对危险度（RR）值=0.95,95%CI为0.92～0.99,总效应检验z=-2.33、P=0.02,试验组相对于对照组的成功率为95%;试验组总的有效率为92.3%,对照组为96.7%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组总的并发症发生率（分别为1.4%、1.2%）比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 治疗子宫肌瘤,传统的手术切除方法效果更为可靠,成功率更高.若适应证选择准确,UAE可使95%的患者避免了手术及其相关风险,但UAE的远期效果尚需进一步大样本资料的长期随访方能定论.